一种匹配滤波结合ChirpScalingSAR数字成像处理方法

合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）是一种重要的微波遥感工具。其关键技术是成像处理,即把接收到的雷达信号转换成雷达图像。事实上,合成孔径就是通过成像处理来实现的。该文在总结目前星载ＳＡＲ各种成像处理算法的基础上,提出一种匹配滤波与ＣｈｉｒｐＳｃａｌｉｎｇ相结合的处理方法。处理过程无需插值便可进行距离迁移校正,还可获得好的聚焦与相位保持性能。所得图像质量超过现有的其它ＳＡＲ成像处理方法所得图像质量。     

一种SAR原始数据的变换域编码算法

根据SAR原始数据经沃尔什变换(WHT)后的系数特性,提出了一种在沃尔什域按各子带能量分布作变比特块自适应量化的算法-沃尔什域块自适应量化(WHT-BAQ),并将本方法与时域BAQ算法和FFT-BAQ算法作了比较.实验证明,在相同比特率下,WHT-BAQ算法的数据域和图像域信噪比均比时域BAQ算法高,与FFT-BAQ算法性能相当.WHT-BAQ算法的运算量略大于时域BAQ算法,但大大小于FFT-BAQ算法的运算量.加之沃尔什变换具有不作乘法、有快速算法的特性,所以将它用于SAR原始数据压缩有一定的优越性.     

Quartic-Phase Algorithm for Highly Squinted SAR Data Processing

In this letter, an algorithm based on a quartic-phase model is discussed for processing highly squinted synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from a large range swath. In the algorithm, a precise quartic-phase model is adopted to describe a range-dependent property of the SAR signal; a constant factor and a secondary scaling process are introduced to make the algorithm easy to be utilized compared with traditional nonlinear chirp scaling algorithms. The novel algorithm can process SAR data under a squint angle above 50deg and achieve a focus depth over 60 km     

一种基于小波变换的GPS基线求解算法

在分析ＧＰＳ相位观测粗差,周跳及随机噪声的小波变换特性基础上,提出了基于小波变换的ＧＰＳ相位粗差探测及小波滤波算法,并提出了基于波滤波的ＧＰＳ基线求解算法,该方法能缩小模糊度搜索空间,提高整数模糊度解的有效性。     

一种基于小波变换的GPS基线求解算法

在分析GPS相位观测粗差、周跳及随机噪声的小波变换特性基础上,提出了基于小波变换的GPS相位粗差探测及小波滤波算法,并提出了基于小波滤波的GPS基线求解算法,该方法能缩小模糊度搜索空间,提高整数模糊度解的有效性.     

一种基于梯度信息的小波SAR图像滤波方法

提出一种基于梯度的自适应小波滤波方法.这种算法利用梯度和纹理信息控制阈值的选取,使滤波器在平坦区域能够有效去除噪声、在边缘区域有效保持边缘.应用于SAR图像斑点噪声滤波,并与增强Lee,Frost滤波,Gamma MAP滤波和Kuan滤波几种算法的结果进行比较分析,表明这种算法不仅能有效去除斑点噪声还能很好地保持图像的边缘等细节信息.     

面向SAR数据处理流程的溯源方法研究

为了方便查询合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）数据产品的来源,评估其质量和可靠性,再现其产生过程,使用溯源技术记录其衍生过程并管理其处理流程。分析SAR数据处理流程的特点,提出了基于分层二部图的溯源模型（hierarchical bigraph provenance model,HBPM）,设计了基于HBPM的溯源仓库及检索语言（provenance data query language,PDQL）,并实现了流程再现、溯源信息可视化等应用。在江苏省地面沉降监测系统中,通过一个SAR数据处理流程溯源的案例——用基于SAR技术的短基线（small baselines subset,SBAS）方式检测地面沉降情况,验证该溯源方法的可行性。     

Efficient SAR Raw Data Generation Including Low Squint Angles and Platform Instabilities

The performance of high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems under degrading conditions such as uncontrolled platform motion can only be analyzed and evaluated by modeling the whole imaging system through simulation. A major scientific problem, however, is the generation of spotlight mode SAR raw data because of the need for high numerical and modeling accuracy, and restricted computer time and space. Taking into account a squinted geometry and platform instabilities, the common generation of raw data in the time domain becomes time inefficient. This letter proposes a raw data generator with which the spotlight mode raw data set of an extended scene can be simulated and which combines the precision obtainable when working in the time domain with the efficiency of work in the frequency domain. The generated raw data are processed and analyzed to quantify the quality of the proposed simulation tool.     

星载宽幅SAR干涉数据处理研究

结合ScanSAR的工作原理和特点,提出了分条带处理的方法,分析了ScanSAR数据处理的关键,对比分析叠片式条带拼接和配准加权拼接两种方法,提出了改进的配准加权方法,并用实验证明了本文提出的分条带处理方法和改进的配准加权方法的可行性和可靠性,为ScanSAR干涉测量的进一步研究提供了科学参考。     

Bistatic Spotlight SAR Processing Using the Frequency-Scaling Algorithm

This letter derives the bistatic point target spectrum for the translational invariant case. Based on the derived spectrum and the linear approximation of the bistatic range cell migration factor, a bistatic frequency-scaling algorithm (FSA) is proposed for spotlight synthetic aperture radar data processing. This algorithm leads to a very precise and efficient processing since it performs the focusing in the frequency domain and no interpolation is required in the whole processing chain. In addition, it is shown that the case considered in the monostatic FSA is a specialization of the more general one considered in this letter. Finally, simulation results are provided to illustrate the validity of the presented approach.     

利用小波变换的视频GIS数据数字水印算法

提出了一种基于小波变换的视频GIS数据水印算法。该算法结合视频GIS数据特点,将视频流分割为时间轴上连续图像序列。实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的隐蔽性与鲁棒性,并能有效抵抗帧删除、重编码等攻击。     

SAR原始数据压缩算法

根据SAR原始数据的特点,介绍了几种合成孔径雷达原始数据的压缩算法,并对几种压缩算法的性能进行了比较分析。     

一种顾及相干性的星载干涉SAR成像算法

在分析相干性与多普勒中心频率差之间关系的基础上,提出了一种顾及相干性的星载干涉SAR成像算法。在成像处理中,针对待干涉成像的SAR回波信号选择一致化的成像参数,充分保证干涉SAR复数影像对之间的相干性,进而得到高质量的干涉图。实验结果表明,所提出的成像算法更适用于雷达干涉测量(InSAR)的研究及应用。     

测量数据处理的实时序贯算法

为突出最新观测数据对未知参数估计的影响及减弱陈旧观测数据对参数估计的影响，须考虑时变参数的变动而进行未知参数的估计，即实时估计。文中基于序贯算法，针对新观测值对未知参数估计的影响比陈旧观测值要大和用固定数目的最新观测值来确定未知参数的估计，导出了渐消记忆与限定记忆的实时序贯算法的主要公式，以达到快速计算的目的。     

测量数据处理的实时序贯算法

为突出最新观测数据对未知参数估计的影响及减弱陈旧观测数据对参数估计的影响,须考虑时变参数的变动而进行未知参数的估计,即实时估计.文中基于序贯算法,针对新观测值对未知参数估计的影响比陈旧观测值要大和用固定数目的最新观测值来确定未知参数的估计,导出了渐消记忆与限定记忆的实时序贯算法的主要公式,以达到快速计算的目的.     

Spaceborne Bistatic SAR Processing Using the EETF4 Algorithm

In this letter, the fourth-order extended exact transfer function (EETF4) is adapted for spaceborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing. The problems with high squint and large bistatic Doppler centroid variations are analyzed, and it is shown that if both transmitter and receiver are highly squinted in the same direction, then it may be demanding to achieve perfect quality of the point targets. It is shown that if both transmitter and receiver have high squint in opposite directions with small Doppler centroid variations, then the SAR image can be processed very precisely.     

多波段高分辨率星载合成孔径雷达成像处理方法研究

星载合成孔径雷达（SAR）是一种工作在微波波段的主动式遥感器,它综合运用合成孔径技术、脉冲压缩技术和数据处理技术,采用较短的天线就能够获得方位和距离两个方向的高分辨率雷达图像。研制星载SAR系统的目的是获得具有一定测绘带宽和一定分辨率的地面目标图像,传统SAR模式不能同时满足高分辨率及较宽测绘带的要求。本文主要研究了多...     

A Two-Dimensional Spectrum for General Bistatic SAR Processing

This letter derives a 2-D point target spectrum for general bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR). For the bistatic configuration, the contributions of the transmitter and the receiver to the overall instantaneous Doppler are unequal due to the different slant range histories. In this letter, an instantaneous Doppler contribution ratio is proposed to represent the difference between the instantaneous Doppler contributions of the transmitter and the receiver, which varies with instantaneous Doppler and range frequency. Then, the 2-D spectrum is obtained by using the stationary phase principle and Taylor series expansion for general bistatic SAR. The accuracy of the spectrum is verified with a point target simulation of different general bistatic configurations.      

A Keystone Transform Without Interpolation for SAR Ground Moving-Target Imaging

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image formation for a ground moving target necessitates the compensation of the unknown target trajectory. The keystone transform has been employed to remove the linear component of the range migration for the moving target, where interpolation is required. In this letter, a realization of the keystone transform avoiding interpolation is presented. The kernel of this transform, i.e., the range-frequency-dependent azimuth time rescaling, is implemented using only complex multiplications and fast Fourier transforms based on the scaling principle, which has been successfully applied in the equalization of the space-variant range cell migration in SAR processing. In addition, the moving target is coarsely focused according to the SAR geometry and the platform velocity while exploiting the scaling principle. This preliminary focusing is helpful in the isolation of the moving target from ground clutter, so as to facilitate a more refined processing with respect to each mover. SAR raw data combined with simulated echoes of moving targets are utilized to validate the presented approach     

小波变换块自适应量化算法压缩SAR原始数据

本文研究了如何使用基于小波变换的块自适应量化（WT-BAQ）算法压缩合成孔径雷达原始数据。结合一组实测SAR原始数据,进行了压缩和解压缩,并计算了数据域及图像域评价参数,给出了压缩算法最终所成的图像。并与块自适应量化（BAQ）、块自适应矢量量化（BAVQ）以及小波包变换块自适应量化（WPT-BAQ）方法进行了性能比较。实验表明,在相同比特率条件下,本文算法得到的数据域信噪比和图像域信噪比均比另外三种算法高。本文算法具有一定实用价值。最后文章给出了结论和将来进一步的工作。