福建紫金山金铜矿钨锡钼硫化物的发现

笔者最近在对福建紫金山铜金矿床的矿物学研究中发现了一系列罕见的含W-Sn-Mo的硫化物,包括硫钨锡铜矿(Kiddcreekite)、硫钼锡铜矿(Hemusite)、硫钒锡砷铜矿(Colusite)、硫铁锡铜矿(Mawsonite)等,其中硫钼锡铜矿在中国是首次发现,并且硫钼锡铜矿与硫钨锡铜矿一同出现在该地区,二者共同产出的现象是在全球其他地方绝无仅有的。     

福建碧田铜金银矿床中硫盐矿物及钨锡硫化物研究

福建碧田矿床成因上是与燕山晚期次火山岩有关的、以银为主的大型铜金银矿床。该矿床产于燕山早期花岗岩中,在其铜矿石内发现了较多的锌砷黝铜矿、铋砷黝铜矿、铋锑黝铜矿、碲砷黝铜矿、针硫铋铅矿、硫铋铜矿、硫砷铜矿等硫盐矿物及少见的钨锡硫化物——硫锡铁铜矿、硫铁锡铜矿和硫钨锡铜矿。这些矿物形成于成矿作用早期的黄铜矿-斑铜矿-黄铁矿阶段。成矿温度在260～380℃之间,最低成矿压力20～40 MPa,硫逸度(lgfs_2)=-8.74～-12.06。钨锡铋矿物的发现表明,燕山早期花岗岩可能为成矿提供了部分物质来源。     

硫铟铜矿在福建紫金山铜金矿床的发现及深部找矿意义

硫铟铜矿(CuInS2)是一种罕见的铟独立矿物,在中国未曾报道过。在研究福建紫金山铜金矿床深部矿石矿物组成时,首次发现了硫铟铜矿。硫铟铜矿通常见于中高温热液矿床,紫金山铜金矿床东南矿段铜矿体中出现了硫钨锡铜矿、硫钼锡铜矿、硫铁锡铜矿、硫砷锡铜矿、锡砷硫钒铜矿、似黄锡矿、辉钼矿等高温矿物,指示紫金山矿床深部成矿温度较高,成矿流体中In、Sn、Pb、Zn、Mo、W含量较高,具有斑岩型等中高温热液成矿系统的找矿潜力。     

福建碧田铜金银矿床中硫盐矿物及钨锡矿化物研究

福建碧田矿床成因上是与燕山晚期次火山岩有关的,以银为主的大型铜金银矿床。该矿床产于燕山早期花岗岩中,在其铜矿石内发现了较多的锌砷黔铜矿、铋砷黝铜矿、铋锑黝铜矿、碲砷黝铜矿,针硫铋铅矿、硫铋铜矿、硫砷铜矿等硫盐矿物及少见的钨锡矿化物－硫锡铁铜矿,硫铁锡铜矿和硫钨锡铜矿。     

福建碧田铜金银矿床的金属矿物研究

碧田矿床是成因上与燕山晚期次火山岩有关的以银为主的大型铜金银矿床。金属矿物种类复杂，除常见的黄铁矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿外，还有多种铜铋硫盐矿物（锌砷黝铜矿、铋砷黝铜矿、铋锑黝铜矿、针硫铋铅矿、硫铋铜矿）、钨锡硫化物（硫铁锡铜矿、硫钨锡铜矿）及多金属硫化物。金银矿物除辉银矿外，主要是Ａｕ－Ａｇ系列的自然金、银金矿、金银矿及自然银。这些矿物形成于不同的物理化学条件下，大多数铜矿物、铜铋硫盐矿物和钨锡硫化物是在中高温（２６０—３８０℃）条件下、硫逸度较高（ｌｇｆＳ２＝－８．７４—－１２．０６）、流体盐度高并处于沸腾的状况下形成的；而多金属硫化物和金银矿物则主要是在中低温（１２０—２６０℃）条件下，硫逸度较低（ｌｇｆＳ２＝－１１．６—－１９．５），流体盐度也较低的状况下形成的。     

西藏多龙矿集区铁格隆南超大型Cu(Au、Ag)矿床硫锡砷铜矿研究及其地质意义

铁格隆南矿床位于班公湖-怒江成矿带西段多龙矿集区,是青藏高原发现的首例具有典型高硫型浅成低温热液矿化特征的超大型Cu(Au、Ag)矿床。笔者通过对该矿床进行系统的矿相学研究,结合电子探针显微分析,首次在该矿床发现了硫锡砷铜矿,虽然其总量不多,但其与不同矿物组合特征可反演其形成时的物化条件,对矿床成因类型判别具有一定指示意义。该矿床中的硫锡砷铜矿多为粒径约10μm的不规则细粒,无内反射,均质性,与硫砷铜矿、砷黝铜矿等Cu-As-S体系矿物伴生产出时呈乳黄色-淡黄色,与斑铜矿、黄铁矿、蓝辉铜矿等CuFe-S体系矿物伴生产出时呈乳褐色-浅褐色。根据矿物之间的交代关系发现,硫锡砷铜矿形成于黄铁矿、斑铜矿、砷黝铜矿、硫砷铜矿之后,蓝辉铜矿、铜蓝之前。电子探针分析显示,硫锡砷铜矿的基本成分包括Cu、As、V、S、Sn、Sb,普遍含有少量Fe、Ge、Zn,部分样品中含少量W、Au、Ag,以S原子数为32为基础,计算得出其分子式为Cu_(23.71～26.92)V_(1.43～2.10)(As_(2.55～5.86),Sb_(0～0.63))_(3.15～5.95)(Sn_(0～2.6),Ge_(0～0.7))_(0.01～2.60)(Fe_(0～2.4),Zn_(0～0.24))_(0～2.4)S_(32),其中,存在Sb~(5+)?As~(5+)和Sn~(4+)?Ge~(4+)、(As,Sb)~(5+)+Cu~+?(Sn,Ge)~(4+)+(Fe,Zn,Cu)~(2+)以及V~(5+)?V~(4+)+Cu~+等复杂的元素耦合置换。结合矿石矿物组合及蚀变组合分析指出,酸性或略偏中性的、中低温高硫化态环境是促使硫锡砷铜矿生成的关键控制因素。     

紫金山铜金矿矿床中硫钨锡铜矿的初步研究

<正>硫钨锡铜矿(Cu6SnWS8),一种罕见的W、Sn硫化物,其与硫钼锡铜矿(Cu6SnMoS8)互为类质同象体。Harris等(1984)在加拿大kiddCreek矿山首次发现并命名该矿物。目前全球只有三个地方报道发现硫钨锡铜矿,分别是加拿大安大略     

福建上杭紫金山高硫化型铜矿床矿化分带特征

通过矿相学,系统分析铜硫化物以及脉石矿物的结构构造、形态特征以及嵌布特征,主要铜硫化物为铜蓝、斜方蓝辉铜矿;通过电子探针,分析铜硫化物各种元素含量,尤其是主量元素Cu/S比值垂向变化规律在钻孔浅部无明显规律,随着深度增加Cu/S比值逐渐减小,最后趋近于一个常数约为1.3。铜矿成矿影响因素:(1)火山机构的温度影响范围有限,并未改变铜硫化物的矿物组合特征,只是影响铜硫化物Cu/S比值分配,表现为越远离火山机构Cu/S比值越高;(2)高氧逸度条件是形成稳定铜硫化物的重要条件。氧逸度垂向由上至下先是具有高氧逸度,随着深度增加氧逸度逐渐减小,最后增加为高氧逸度。Cu/S比值变化规律为今后紫金山铜矿深部找矿提供重要的矿化信息。     

黑云母地球化学特征对武山铜矿和竹溪岭钨矿成矿岩浆体系差异的指示

黑云母化学成分差异可反映出岩浆岩的性质(全岩铝饱和指数、I/S型花岗岩)、氧逸度、挥发分特征并指示岩浆源区。为了探究不同岩浆体系的性质对成矿差异性的影响,本文选择与长江中下游成矿带的武山铜矿和江南造山带的竹溪岭钨(钼)矿相关的花岗闪长斑岩中的黑云母作为研究对象,对其开展了岩相学、主量元素和原位微量元素分析。结果表明,两地黑云母均富镁贫铁,竹溪岭岩体中的黑云母相对富集Li、Nb等不相容元素,而武山岩体的黑云母富集Ni、V等相容元素。基于黑云母地球化学特征建立了成岩体系与成矿体系的联系:武山铜矿与黑云母相平衡的岩浆体系具有高Cl、高氧逸度特征,有利于Cu富集成矿;而竹溪岭钨(钼)矿的岩浆体系具高F、低氧逸度特征,有利于W富集成矿。     

紫金山高硫型金铜矿的矿床地质研究进展

随着紫金山金铜矿露天采矿规模的不断扩大,许多与矿床成因密切相关的地质现象被剥露出来,露采场成为进行矿床地质研究的最佳场所。本文对紫金山金铜矿露采场的构造、矿化及蚀变分带特征进行了详细研究,研究表明:在自北向南靠近火山机构的过程中,蚀变带依次为绢云母+地开石化带、地开石+明矾石化带、地开石+褐铁矿化带和强硅化带,各个蚀变带内的主要金属矿物组合变化依次为黄铁矿+斑铜矿±硫砷铜矿±蓝辉铜矿,黄铁矿+蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝+硫砷铜矿±斑铜矿,褐铁矿+针铁矿+自然金+次生铜蓝+孔雀石,黄铁矿+斑铜矿+硫砷铜矿+蓝辉铜矿。在空间分布上,主要的矿石矿物在水平方向上从斑铜矿渐变为蓝辉铜矿,垂直方向上从上部的自然金+褐铁矿向下变为蓝辉铜矿+斑铜矿,深部变为铜蓝±蓝辉铜矿。蚀变分带与金属矿物组合的空间分布都体现出在靠近火山机构及深度增加的过程中成矿热液的硫逸度和氧逸度越来越高。矿石中还出现了具有指示意义的含锡矿物。这些特征都表明紫金山金铜矿是含矿热液多期次叠加的结果。金的富集成矿和金铜的矿化分带受北西向与北东向密集节理交汇带的控制。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861