格栅加筋路堤边坡性能的试验研究及有限元分析

基于2种路堤边坡坡比、2种土工格栅和3种加筋层数的不同组合的室内模型试验,比较分析了不同试验工况条件下加筋边坡在顶部载荷作用下的变形规律。结果表明:加筋能较大幅度地提高边坡的稳定性及承载能力;加筋边坡的沉降和侧向位移随着格栅抗拉强度增大、加筋层数增多和边坡变缓而相应的变小。将试验所得结果与有限元数值模拟计算结果进行了对比分析,有限元模拟结果与试验值吻合较好。     

土工格栅加筋路堤边坡设计方法分析

简单介绍了<公路土工合成材料应用技术规范>(JTJ/T 019-98)中关于路堤边坡的等间距或分区等间距加筋设计方案,然后编写了程序,计算边坡在分层填筑时的安全性能,通过反复迭代计算可得出满足安全系数要求的最佳土工格栅铺设间距.最后对工程实例采用该程序进行了计算,结果表明土工格栅的最佳铺设间距不是等间距,而应尽量采用"顶疏底密"的布置方式.     

土工格栅加筋路堤边坡结构性能模型试验研究

通过室内小比尺模型试验,模拟了两种边坡坡比、两种格栅以及3种加筋层数共计10种边坡结构在坡顶荷载作用下边坡和土工格栅的变形规律。研究了土工格栅加筋参数对路堤边坡结构性能的影响。试验结果表明,加筋能大幅提高边坡的稳定性和承载能力,并得出了土工格栅埋在土中的力学特征,对工程实践具有一定的指导意义。     

土工格栅路堤加筋效果的影响因素分析

土工格栅作为一种新型的土工合成材料,由于具有高强度、低延伸率等特点而被选作主要的路堤加筋材料,在路堤中适当位置加入土工格栅能有效地减少路堤的沉降和侧向变形。本文采用通用非线性有限元程序ABAQUS分析了加筋前后的路堤底部的竖向位移、堤址点垂线下地基深度的水平位移和地表的水平位移,计算中采用D rucker-Prager模型和C lay p las-tic ity模型模拟土体的非线性,土工格栅采用一维杆单元来模拟。通过对加筋层数、筋材模量、软基模量、填土高度和软土层厚度等影响加筋效果的因素进行对比分析,从计算结果分析可知,路堤加筋虽然对软土地基的竖向位移影响不大,但加筋能有效抑制侧向位移的发展,这样增大了路堤边坡的稳定性,分析结果与大多数实际工程的实测资料相吻合。     

土工织物加固软土路堤的有限元分析

采用有限元方法对土工织物加固软弱地基路堤的力学机理进行了研究.通过比较路基加筋和未加筋两种情况研究了土工织物的加固机理,结果表明土工织物对于提高路堤填筑高度、减少路堤侧向位移、均化路堤沉降以及加速超孔隙水压力消散有显著的效果.加筋路堤中土工织物的轴力受填筑高度、超孔压消散速度和接触面系数等因素的影响,路堤填筑高度和施工进度的控制有利于土工织物抗拉强度的发挥.对路堤安全系数的研究分析表明传统的极限平衡法验算路堤稳定性偏于保守,采用有限元方法能较好地反映土工织物的加筋作用,可以优化工程设计.     

陡坡路堤土工格栅加筋机制与合理铺设参数研究

土工格栅加筋作用机理复杂,测试难度大,结合土工格栅加筋陡坡路堤工程,开展了现场变形监测,并针对土工格栅特点,用非线性有限元方法进行了数值计算。试验和计算分析表明：铺设土工格栅能有效地限制路堤沉降与坡脚水平位移,保证路堤的稳定性。数值计算结果与现场监测结果吻合较好,据此分析了土工格栅长度、弹性模量及铺设间距与路堤变形的关系,土工格栅弹性模量越大,加筋效果越好。有效而经济的土工格栅长度是6.5 m,铺设间距是0.6 m。     

土工格栅在加固高速公路路堤中的应用研究

土工格栅应用到高速公路路基中,对土性参数c,? 值有不同程度的改善作用,在一定程度上解决了特殊土的施工问题。土工格栅蠕变试验表明,在相同荷载作用下,强度大的格栅应变较小;并且荷载变化及温度大小对格栅流变性有显著影响。有限元分析是研究加筋作用效果的一种有效方法,它可定性比较多种加筋方案的优劣。利用PLAXIS有限元模拟不同工况下的沉降量,表明土工格栅在限制水平方向位移比限制垂直方向位移更有效。现场荷载试验表明,土工格栅加筋能使路基承载力成倍提高,改善土体应力环境,有效地均衡差异沉降和减少总沉降量。土工格栅对路堤加固有显著作用,值得在实际工程中广泛应用。     

土工格栅加筋砂土的变形与破坏机理解析

利用可考虑局部破坏的非线性弹塑性有限元，对无加筋和加筋砂土的平面应变压缩试验结果进行了从小变形到破坏的全过程数值解析。加筋砂土试验体用土工格栅分6层和11层进行加筋加固。将等价二维有限元解析所得到的解析结果与试验得到的实测值进行了较为伞面的比较，结果表明：合理的二维非线性弹塑性有限元解析，不仅可以较为精确的模拟加筋砂土的平均心力-应变特性，而且还可以全面地调查试验体的局部应力-应变分布以及剪切破坏发生状况，从而，对加筋砂土的变彤破坏以及加筋材的加州机理有一个更加全面合理的认识。     

考虑蠕变性土工格栅加筋挡土墙应力与变形有限元分析

土工格栅加筋挡土墙在岩上加固工程中得到了广泛应用。采用粘弹塑性流变模型考虑地基和填士的流变性，采用作者所建议的绎验型粘弹性本构模型考虑土工格栅的蠕变性，对于土工格栅加筋挡土墒发展了非线性有限元数值分析方法，通过变动参数的对比计算与分析探讨了逐层填筑过程、加筋长度及间距布置方式等因素对土工格栅加筋挡土墙长期变形与应力特性的影响。计算与分析表明：填筑过程对面板侧向变形、格栅拉力与应变及地基中水平位移与竖向沉降具有较大的影响；加筋使墙后填土应力重新分布；面板位移、格栅拉力及应变在经历一段时间后趋于稳定状态。     

HDPE和PET土工格栅加筋路堤作用的对比研究

为了研究高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）两种土工格栅在返包式加筋路堤中的加筋效果,基于HDPE和PET的拉伸试验结果,采用FLAC3D有限差分程序并结合现场监测数据对比,分析了加筋路堤中两种土工格栅的受力变形规律。结果表明,土工格栅特性对返包式加筋路堤变形具有明显影响,影响程度与其上部土压力大小密切相关;在加筋土路堤的中下部,土压力较大,HDPE格栅前1/3段和后1/3段的应变存在较大差别,PET格栅的应变沿长度分布相对均匀;随着上部土压力的减小,格栅材料特性的影响减弱,两种格栅的应变曲线趋于接近;PET格栅对加筋路堤水平变形的控制作用更为明显;HDPE格栅加筋路堤的垂直和水平土压力值及其分布与PET加筋路堤差别很小。     

加筋路堤竖向沉降的非线性有限元分析

采用非线性有限元方法,对土工织物能否减少软弱路基的竖向沉降量进行了探讨。对比计算表明:当路堤宽度较小时,土工织物的加筋作用使路堤体内的竖向位移速度场减小,从而可使竖向沉降量减少12%~16%,并可使路堤的稳定性提高达20%;当构筑物宽度较大时,土工织物对构筑物体内竖向沉降量的影响不大,即土工织物的加筋作用存在尺寸效应。因此,工程实际中应根据具体情况判断是否选用土工织物来改善构筑物的竖向沉降。分析表明:传统的极限平衡法来考察土工织物加固软土工程的稳定性时,由于存在诸多假定而导致该方法不能很好的反映土工织物与土之间的变形协调关系。故应发展非线性有限元方法来模拟土工织物与土之间的相互作用关系。     

Finite Element Analysis of Geogrid Encased Stone Columns

Stone columns in soft soil improve bearing capacity because they are stiffer than the material which they replace, and compacted stone columns produce shearing resistances which provide vertical support for overlying structures or embankments. Also stone columns accelerate the consolidation in the native surrounding soil and improve the load settlement characteristics of foundation. In this paper, the finite element method is utilized as a tool for carrying out analyses of stone column–soil systems under different conditions. A trial is made to improve the behaviour of stone column by encasing the stone column with geogrid as reinforcement material. The program CRISP-2D is used in the analysis of problems. The program allows prediction to be made of soil deformations considering Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion for elastic–plastic soil behaviour. A parametric study is carried out to investigate the behaviour of standard and encased floating stone columns in different conditions. Different parameters were studied to show their effect on the bearing improvement and settlement reduction of the stone column. These include the length to diameter ratio (L/d), shear strength of the surrounding soil and, the area replacement ratio (a_s) and others. It was found that the maximum effective length to diameter (L/d) ratio is between (7–8) for Cu, between (20–40) kPa and between (10–11) for Cu?=?10?kPa for ordinary floating stone columns while the effective (L/d) ratio is between (7–8) for encased floating stone columns. The increase in the area replacement ratio increases the bearing improvement ratio for encased floating stone columns especially when the area replacement ratio is greater than (0.25). The geogrid encasement of stone column greatly decreases the lateral displacement compared with ordinary stone column.     

基于ANSYS Workbench的轻便岩心钻机动力头有限元分析

采用三维建模软件SolidWorks建立轻便岩心钻机的动力头三维几何模型,并导入有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench中,得到有限元模型;利用有限元分析法,分别分析动力头内关键零部件的动态特性等机械性能要求;分析齿轮在钻进过程中啮合时的受力变形情况,证明齿轮满足强度、刚度等机械性能要求,并分析齿轮间接触区域的接触情况;模拟钻探工程中提下钻、加压钻进、减压钻进3种工况,分析主轴的受力变形情况,为主轴设计提供一定的依据;分析箱体在提下钻、钻进工况下的受力变形,证明箱体具有良好的刚度、强度,并对箱体进行模态分析,得出箱体固有频率,验证箱体的动态性能。     

基于有限元法的钻杆柱纵向振动分析

钻杆的纵向振动对钻杆失效有较大影响。采用ANSYS软件对2000 m以内钻杆柱的纵向振动进行了分析,得到了不同钻具规格、不同钻铤长度、不同钻杆柱长度的固有频率,获得了钻杆柱纵向振动的前五阶固有振型。结果表明,钻杆柱的固有频率受钻杆规格和钻铤长度影响很小,受钻杆柱长度影响较大。     

复合土钉支护的有限元分析

复合土钉支护在软土地区深基坑支护中已得到广泛应用,但其设计计算理论却远远不能满足目前工程应用的需要。借助非线性平面应变有限元模拟方法,对复合土钉支护结构在分步开挖、分步支护过程中的变形性能进行研究,并通过与工程实例对比验证这一方法的合理性。最后对复合土钉支护设计提出初步看法。     

桩承式加筋路堤作用机理理论分析与数值模拟

软土地基上填筑高路堤常常面临地基承载力不足、沉降和不均匀沉降过大等问题。桩承式加筋路堤能够有效地解决这些难题。通过理论分析和有限元数值模拟,研究了路堤填土-加筋材料-桩体-桩间土之间的相互作用机理,讨论了路堤填土中的土拱效率、桩体效率、路堤底面差异沉降和筋材拉力的变化规律。研究结果表明,填土中的土拱效应和筋材张力膜效应能够有效地提高桩体效率,防止软土屈服;筋材内部拉力呈非线性分布,桩顶边缘处筋材拉力最大。     

高填涵洞受力现场测试及有限元计算

过现场测试结果 ,并结合有限元计算 ,研究作用与高填涵洞的受力与变形。为实际工程提供合理有效的指导和建议     

Finite Element Analysis of a Deep-seated Slope Deformation

Summary A study is presented of the slow time dependent movement of the deep-seated deformation of Rosone. This rock slope, which mainly consists of gneiss, is located on the Italian side of Western Alps and has been affected by recurrent instability phenomena. Due to these, and also to the presence of various villages and man-made structures (such as a hydroelectric power plant), a significant amount of geological and geomechanical data has been collected in this area. They have led to the assumption that the slow movement develops along a deep-seated sliding surface, involving a volume of rock between 22 and 35 million cubic meters. To check these hypotheses, and to get some insight into the causes of the phenomenon, a series of non-linear, time-dependent analyses has been carried out through the finite element method. The slow movement of the rock mass, and the gradual loss of its mechanical properties with increasing deformation, has been accounted for in the calculations by means of a visco-plastic constitutive law, allowing for strain softening effects. The results of analyses lead to some conclusions on the causes of the observed movements, among which the possible influence of the groundwater pore pressure is likely to play an important role.     

The Effect of the Modular Block Type on Segmental Walls in Soil Reinforced by Geogrid

The behavior of retaining walls in geosynthetic reinforced soil is complex and requires studies and research to understand the mechanisms of rupture, the behavior of the reinforcements in the soil and the behavior of the main elements of the system: reinforcement-wall-soil. Several researches have been done on the use of geosynthetics as backfill massive reinforcement material (experimental studies, numerical analysis, reduced models …). This parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of modular blocks type on the behavior of reinforced soil segmental walls. A 3.6 m high wall is composed of modular blocks of earth sand reinforced with four geogrid layers was modeled. The properties of materials, the wall geometry, and the boundary conditions will be explained later. The finite difference computer program FLAC3D was used in this study. The results of this numerical study allowed deducing the importance of this parameter. The type of modular blocks has significant effect to decrease the values of lateral displacements of the wall and decreased tensile stress values in the layers of geogrid.