昌黎井数字化水温资料分析

昌黎井数字化水温具有比较规律的多年变化动态趋势,整理水温资料,分析水温前兆异常变化,得出水温变化机理和映震机理,为今后充分发掘地震前兆信息提供帮助。     

西南地区地震观测井泉水温动态特征研究

本文利用西南地区地震前兆台网记录的井泉水温数字观测资料,对水温各类动态特征进行研究,提取不同井水温各类观测动态及同井不同深度水温各类观测动态特征.收集整理了114个井泉水温观测台站的观测数据,结果表明,西南地区水温观测以中深非自流井为主,水温动态范围较大,热水和高温热水主要分布在川西和云南地区.西南井泉水温长期动态可大致分上升型、下降型和波动型三种,短期动态可大致分为短周期型、稳定型、固体潮型三种.研究区井水温的同震变化以下降居多,单个井水温对不同地震的同震响应存在优势响应方向,说明水温的同震特征更依赖于井孔自身观测条件的影响.通过对1966年以来西南地区36次MS≥5.9级震例总结的统计分析得出,西南地区水温前兆异常率达67％,上升型水温异常占比最大,且水温异常多属于短临异常.给出了Ms≥5.9地震震前水温异常井的最大震中距的大致范围,并根据异常震中距-震级的G-R关系给出其定量关系,为今后西南地区中强地震的发生提取有用的水温前兆信息提供基础资料.     

江苏苏05井、苏06井水温近年来典型异常特征分析及其机理讨论

近10年历史震例的分析表明,江苏苏05井、苏06井水温观测资料异常与江苏及邻省中等地震有很好的对应关系。本文对2010年后两口井的观测数据进行分析,总结了苏05井、苏06井水温测项在震前的典型异常特征:①异常表现为打破上升趋势的下降变化;②震前异常持续时间为2-3个月左右,映震范围在300km左右;③两口井的震前异常幅度在0.003℃左右。根据总结的异常特征并结合水温与井孔结构关系、水温与水位的关系、不同层位水温观测原理以及水化分析结果等,对异常可能的成因进行了初步探讨。     

大姚模拟水温与“十五”数字化水温动态对比分析

通过对“十五”数字化水温分钟值与模拟水温整点值自2008年以来针对省内及周边地区发生的5．0级以上地震前后的水温动态特征进行对比分析,结果表明：“十五”数字化水温分钟值动态在省内及周边地区发生地震前出现短临、临震异常,比模拟水温整点值明显,“十五”数字化水温异常的特点是：在震前出现周期形态消失或周期突跳畸变,震后周期形态恢复较快。“十五”数字化观测采样率高,震前短临、临震异常特征明显,对临震预报预测具有较高的实用价值。     

高七井水温映震规律浅析

通过对高七井水温多年资料的整理,在总结以往震例的基础上,分析水温异常与地震预报的对应规律,对高七井水温映震效能进行初步探讨.高七井水温异常为阶跃上升型,异常形态具有继承性,水温异常对地震短临预报具有指导意义.     

大姚水温动态异常与地方震的对应

通过对大姚高精度水温1986年观测以来100km范围内发生5．0级以上地震前后的水温动态特征分析，结果表明大姚水温动态在地方震前基值上升，周期变化形态消失或畸变，震时有同震反应，震后存在震后效应，水温动态具有震前异常变化明显且多为短临异常的特点，对观测井周围的地方震预测具有较高的实用价值。初步探讨了水温动态异常的可能原因。     

山东荣成鲁32井水温异常与地震的关系研究

对鲁32井水温变化、井孔条件及影响因素做了简要介绍,分析了2014年以来该井周围300 km范围M_L4.0级以上地震、2008年以来500 km范围M 4.8级以上地震及日本本州M 7级以上大震及特大地震与该井水温异常的关系,给出了有震异常占总异常的概率水平及有异常响应的地震占总地震的概率水平,显示鲁32井水温异常对300 km范围M_L≥4.0级小震、 500 km范围M≥4.8级地震的前兆意义不明显,映震能力较弱;对东部远场区M≥7级地震,尤其是日本本州及近海的"大震"及"特大地震"前兆意义明显,映震能力较强。     

高七井水温动态变化特征与映震效能分析

详细研究了高七井水温多年观测资料,初步总结水温的正常动态、异常动态、干扰动态。通过震例分析,得出水温数值变化曲线的斜率值是异常提取的一个参考指标,并进一步研究和总结此指标与地震对应关系。     

山西镇川流体观测井水温微动态分析

镇川井水温动态观测环境良好,从水温正常变化规律揭示存在的干扰因素,探讨水温异常与近年日本海远震的对应关系,发现该井水温测项具有较好的映震能力,并判别2015年3月—6月的水温异常是否干扰因素所致。     

格尔木井水温异常特征及其与地震关系分析

简要介绍了格尔木井水温动态观测的环境与条件,在研究正常动态特征和影响因素的基础上,对水温异常的映震关系进行了分析,并成功地进行了一次短临地震趋势预测。探讨了水温异常的形成原因。     

中国大陆井水位与水温动态对汶川M_S 8.0地震的同震响应特征分析

分析了汶川MS8.0地震在中国大陆引起的水位、水温同震变化特征,对比研究了2007年9月12日印尼苏门答腊MS8.5远震和汶川MS8.0近震在四川及其附近地区引起的水位、水温同震变化差异,结果表明:汶川地震在中国大陆引起的水位同震变化以上升为主,同时水位上升与下降的井点空间分布表现出一定的分区性;水位、水温同方向阶变的井点数比例高于两者反方向阶变井点数比例,当水位同震变化为振荡型时,水温以下降型为主;相对于远震,近震引起的水位、水温同震变化井点数量增加,无变化井点数量减少;所有井水位和大多数井水温同震阶变的方向都不因地震的远近、大小、震源机制或地震方位的变化而改变,个别发生水温同震升降方向变化的井点是由于水的自流状态和水位同震阶变由振荡转为阶变的改变所引起;水位同震升降性质受控于当地的地质构造环境和水文地质条件,而水温同震变化还与地震波引起的井孔中水的运动方式、水温探头放置的位置等因素有关,其机理更为复杂     

Response of drip water temperature to climate variability: a case study in Xiaoyan Cave,southwest China

Detailed monitoring of surface atmospheric and subterranean microclimatic conditions has provided a new opportunity to interpret drip water temperature changes associated with climate variability. High-resolution multi-index monitoring was conducted in Xiaoyan Cave, Guilin, southwest China, for a period of four years (2011–2014) to identify the processes that control drip water temperature. The results show that variations in drip water temperature are mainly coupled to changes in the cave air temperature unless large drip discharge occurs. The controls on cave air temperature depend on the ventilation modes that eventually affect drip water. The multiple thermal mechanisms are winter ventilation, heat conduction in summer and water flow-induced convection derived from subsurface water percolation into the cave due to fast preferential flow during heavy rain events. Drip water response to extreme temperature anomalies is shown to be sensitive to outside climate.     

汶川8．0级地震与日本9．0级地震的同震响应特征——庐江地震台动水位与水温

自2000年庐江地震台数字化水位、水温观测以来,在多次大地震中水位、水温均有明显的同震效应,四川汶川8．0级地震、日本本州9．0级地震引起汤池1号井水位、水温的同震特征。动水位同震效应表现为脉冲变化,震后水位逐渐升高;水温表现为阶跃下降,震后水温缓慢恢复到正常状态。     

The Co-seismic Response of Underground Fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal MS8.1 Earthquake

In this paper, statistics are taken on the co-seismic response of underground fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal M_S8.1 earthquake, and the co-seismic response characteristics of the water level and water temperature are analyzed and summarized with the digital data. The results show that the Nepal M_S8.1 earthquake had greater impact on the Yunnan region, and the macro and micro dynamics of fluids showed significant co-seismic response. The earthquake recording capacity of water level and temperature measurement is significantly higher than that of water radon and water quality to this large earthquake; the maximum amplitude and duration of co-seismic response of water level and water temperature vary greatly in different wells. The changing forms are dominated by fluctuation and step rise in water level, and a rising or falling restoration in water temperature. From the records of the main shock and the maximum strong aftershock,we can see that the greater magnitude of earthquake, the higher ratio of the occurrence of co-seismic response, and in the same well, the larger the response amplitude, as well as the longer the duration. The amplitude and duration of co-seismic response recorded by different instruments in a same well are different.Water temperature co-seismic response almost occurred in wells with water level response, indicating that the well water level and water temperature are closely related in co-seismic response, and the well water temperature seismic response was caused mainly by well water level seismic response.     

抽水对地下水位、汞、氡的影响——以古城试验为例

介绍了在内蒙古古城进行的同层抽水对水位、水温(地热)、气氡、气汞、水氡与水汞影响的观测试验及其结果。结果表明,抽水对井水位影响最大,影响距离可达近1 km;对水温影响较为明显;对气氡、气汞的影响不明显;水氡与水汞的动态可能有一定影响,但影响幅度不大。     

皖14井水温响应机理浅析

通过巢湖皖14井高精度水温观测环境及数字化改造以来的观测资料,分析不同深度(-160m、-195m)处水温变化特征。以2012年4月11日印尼8.6级地震为例,巢湖皖14井水温同震响应所获得的数据为分析基础,利用Ansys中的热分析模型进行数值模拟,研究了同震响应过程中井孔系统水温度变化与热量传递间的关系及机理。模拟结果显示:水温数值模拟曲线与实际测量数据曲线一致,该井水温同震响应表现为下降特征,主要是热对流所致。     

句容16井远大震同震效应的初步研究

通过分析江苏句容16井2001～2007年间几次远大震的同震效应现象,发现苏16井动水位和水温资料对震级大于Ms7．5,震中距800～5000km不等的远大震,有较明显的同震效应反映,且动水位和水温的同震阶变总是上升,幅值随震级的增大而增大,随震中距的增大而减小。本文对苏16井动水位和水温同震效应的同步变化机理进行了初步探讨。     

海南琼海加积井水温同震效应特征和机理初探

基于海南加积井数字化水温2007年1月-2010年4月震中距小于8 000 km、Ms≥7.8大震的同震响应资料,系统分析水温年月日正常动态特征,发现远震引起的水温同震效应特征为上升脉冲,与以往的非自流井水温同震效应以下降为主的认识不一致;水温变化幅度与震中距、震级有一定关系,加积井水温同震效应成因,可用“层内混合”作...     

Impact of cascade reservoirs on continuity of river water temperature: A temperature trend hypothesis in river

Water temperature is an important habitat factor in river ecosystems that exhibits the characteristics of continuous change. Dam construction disrupts the continuity of river water temperature and reset it, thus exerting sharp rise/decrease on the characteristics of water temperature change. The effect of a dam on river continuity is directly related to the dam size. To explain this relationship, two rivers in China were selected: one river without reservoirs and one river with cascade reservoirs. Through the analysis of the longitudinal change of water temperature in free-flowing rivers, we found that water temperature changes continuously and steadily in the longitudinal direction. Based on this, a temperature trend hypothesis in river was proposed, and the discontinuity of the water temperature in the reservoir section was evaluated. The results are as follows: (1) In mixed reservoirs, river water temperature remained as continuous as free-flowing rivers. However, the river water temperature had a large discontinuity in the stratified reservoir. (2) Water residence time was used as an indicator of the continuity of reservoir water temperature. (3) Selective withdrawal of stratified reservoirs in January could not remove the discontinuity caused by itself, but it worked in June.     

日本9.0级和汶川8.0级地震引起云南地区井水温同震响应研究

收集云南地区井水温数字化观测资料,对比分析了2011年3月11日日本9.0级和2008年5月12日汶川8.0级2次地震引起的云南地区井水温同震响应特征。结果表明,不同构造区域的观测井的井水温同震响应存在差异,主要与井孔本身的特征和区域构造环境有关;同一口观测井对不同地震引起的水温响应变化形态基本一致,不受地震方位和震源机制的影响,井水温同震下降或上升响应幅度随震级的增大而增大,随震中距的增大而减小;井水温同震响应的机理主要是在地震波的作用下,观测井孔中的水体受震荡激发而加速对流与掺混导致水温发生变化,当地震波逐渐平息,探头附近的井水温逐步恢复。