基于MapObjects组件的海岸带地理信息系统开发最佳技术

本文采用组件式 GIS软件 Map Objects2 .1和编程工具 Visual Basic6 .0对海岸带地理信息系统的开发思路、对象类型、系统结构和主要功能等做出讨论 ,并对海岸带地区的矢量与栅格数据在 Map Objects2 .1中的配准以及编程方法等进行分析。结果表明 ,Map Objects2 .1由于其灵活、高效、独立性强、兼容性强等特点可以有效管理海岸带数据 ,为海岸带管理提供有力的支撑     

深水Spar平台主体波浪载荷计算

用半解析方法研究孤立的截断的浮式Spar平台主体的一阶绕射问题,在入射波浪周期为4～40 s的范围内分别得到迎浪0(°)和45(°)角时的纵荡激励力、垂荡激励力和纵摇激励力矩图,得到的数值计算结果与MOSES和WAMIT应用软件计算结果一致.所得计算结果,可应用于Spar平台的运动计算.     

在Web中利用JFreeChart和Cewolf实现气象图表快速绘制的技巧

通过对开源JFreeChart和Cewolf工具的主要功能和特点的介绍,详细叙述了利用这两个工具在Web中实现气象图表快速生成的开发流程和主要步骤,并结合实例对几类气象图表的绘制结果进行了展示。     

海洋功能区划实施评估方法研究——以《温州市海洋功能区划(2013—2020年)》及2018年修订版为例

海洋功能区划实施评估是监督海洋功能区划实施成效,提升海洋管理水平的重要工具。基于一致性理念,以规划蓝图为依据,从海域用途符合性、环境质量标准符合性、开发利用影响三方面集成构建海域利用现状和海洋功能区划的协调性判别方法即海洋功能区划协调性指数,并以温州市为实例进行验证。研究表明：基于一致性理念与海洋功能区划蓝图构建的评估方法可以有效测度海洋功能区划实施成效。海洋功能区划修订具有显著适应性,能够高效契合区域海洋经济与海洋生态文明建设需求。该方法对未来国土空间规划海洋部分的有效实施和修订具有重要参考价值。     

由定时引起的突触增强和抑制整合的数学模型

由动作引起的突触变化对神经系统的生长和功能是十分重要的,其变化的程度和方向是由突触前后动作电位的精确定时引起的。通过对海马神经元中“三峰电位组激励”和“四峰电位组激励”范例的研究结果分析,得出描述突触前后多个峰电位相互作用的数学模型,即当前-后峰电位对出现在后-前峰电位对之前时,突触增强和抑制相互抵消;而当发生相反时序时,突触增强以指数的形式递减。     

水下运载器外挂负载的系统测试方案及仿真

研究水下运载器外挂负载的测试问题,根据负载功能,建立了负载的系统模型。考虑到系统可测性,模型中增设一些辅助元件和电路,测试计算机通过与负载的自动驾驶计算机通讯,由自动驾驶计算机施加激励和采集响应,完成测试。最后,对测试方案进行了仿真试验,并分析了仿真结果。     

柱对称双浮子波能装置散射问题的解析方法

通过构造绕射势特解的一种新表达式,基于特征函数展开法提出了线性入射波作用下柱对称双振荡浮子波能装置散射问题的一种新的表达式,并在此基础上计算了垂向波浪激励力.从速度势的求解过程可知,绕射势和辐射势的计算量相当,但垂向波浪激励力的计算比采用Haskind关系方法简单得多,两种方法的结果一样.另外对不同工况下垂向波浪激励力的变化趋势进行了分析.     

全球典型海洋渔场区域环境遥感分析工具界面设计

利用最近10年的卫星海洋遥感资料,基于MATLAB GUI设计全球典型海洋渔场区域环境遥感分析工具界面通过对工具的设计、检测和测试,实现了对8个全球典型渔场的海表温度、风场、有效波高等遥感数据的时空分析,获得可视化的时空分布图。本文简要阐述了工具的主要功能,对部分渔场动力要素进行了基于经验正交的时空特性分析,为基于卫星遥感资料的全球海洋渔场区域动力及生态环境要素分析工具的设计、开发、数据同化和渔业寻找提供了帮助和借鉴。     

海事测绘产品质量检查评价等级标准研究

为提高海事测绘产品质量检查等级标准划分的科学性和合理性,以北方海区质量检查评分数据为样本,运用描述统计的方法对数据进行趋中性和易变性分析,计算了概率等级分数线,提出了细化等级划分的建议方案。提出的评价等级标准可为海事测绘产品质量检查等级评定提供理论依据,有利于质量区分功能及激励导向功能的提升。     

基于Windows CE水准测量应用软件的设计与实现

根据水准测量实际问题，抽象出水准测量应用软件的需求与功能，在此基础上，利用基于Windows CE应用软件开发工具——eMbedded Visual Basic，设计和开发了水准测量应用软件。该系统利用EVB提供的强大的可视化功能，为用户创建窗体式程序界面，使用中通过窗体的相互调用，完成用户对水准测量外业记簿、检核和平差计算的基本需求。     

Model of the post-Cenozoic evolution of the cryolithozone of the shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea

The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level.     

Investigation of the mechanism of the long-term evolution of the carbon cycle in the ecosystem of the Sevastopol bay

We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.     

Contemporary state of the investigation of the influence of the discharge of rivers on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea

We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Modelling of the ecosystem of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube

We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Dynamics of the ice cover and peculiarities of the ice transportation of the sediments at the tidal flats of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea

Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m³ from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m³ on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Variability of the nutrient runoff of the rivers of the Arctic Basin

The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.     

Parameters of the sediments of the deep-water basin of the Black Sea

The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.     

Modelling of the ecosystem on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea

Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

Evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea

The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.