信江盆地丹霞地貌特征及其景观类型

信江盆地是我国丹霞地貌发育典型代表区域之一.通过对该盆地红层分布区遥感影像解译,并结合野外调查分析,总结出丹霞地貌遥感影像具有网格状、脑状、栅栏状、斑点状、斑块状和圆丘状6种影纹特征,表征不同的丹霞地貌景观类型,并在盆地内圈划出15个丹霞地貌集中分布区.野外调查识别出信江盆地丹霞地貌共8大类23种单体景观类型、4种组合类型.其在盆地内分布呈一定的规律性变化:盆地边缘,遥感影像成网格状的,网格的密度较大,以顶斜的峰林、峰从景观组合为特征,其演化处于壮年末期至老年早期阶段;盆地中央沿河流两岸,遥感影像上呈现大片红色,以圆丘状低矮的小石峰为特征,山顶植被稀少,岩石裸露,地貌演化处于幼年至青年阶段;中间过渡地带一般丹霞地貌不发育或成圆丘型丹霞地貌组合,只在少数地区由于发育断层或有信江支流流经之处发育,也以石寨、巷谷(一线天)岩崖等景观为特征,遥感影像上呈现条块状,崖壁延升较远,嶂谷发育,反映其发育处于青年晚期至壮年早期阶段.     

江西弋阳县龟峰丹霞地貌景观特征与形成机制

江西弋阳县信江沿岸分布有丰富的地学旅游资源,其中自然旅游资源以丹霞地貌景观为特征,具有极高的科研和旅游观赏价值;人文旅游资源有佛教禅宗文化为特色的南岩石窟、儒家文化的叠山书院、摩崖石刻和红色旅游资源方志敏纪念馆等,具有较高的美学欣赏价值和历史文化价值.阐述了江西弋阳丹霞地貌地学旅游景观特色,从景观的物质基础,景观类型及其形成机制等方面对景观进行成因分析.     

龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌成景系统特征及其演化

龙虎山世界地质公园内分布着大量以石寨、石墙、巷谷、峰林、石峰、石柱、石崖、巷谷、一线天、造型石等景观类型,它们形成于晚白垩系龟峰群,是我国典型的丹霞地貌分布区之一.其形成不仅与红层、构造及流水等外营力等构成了丹霞地貌的成景系统因素有关,而且也与它们在信江盆地内的空间位置相关,共同制约着不同位置上丹霞地貌的演化进程及其景观总体特征.     

广丰盆地丹霞地貌遥感影像特征

江西广丰盆地红层发育于早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世,盆地内发育石寨、石峰、峰林和峰丛等丹霞地貌景观.通过遥感影像目视解译,建立丹霞地貌遥感影像解译标志,解译出8处丹霞地貌区,归纳为5种丹霞地貌遥感影像特征.丹霞地貌区节理构造发育,节理走向受边界断裂控制,揭示了断裂构造对丹霞地貌发育特征和发育类型的控制作用.     

资新盆地丹霞地貌景区申报世界地质公园刍议

运用地理学的资源评价法和区域比较分析法,分析了我国已有风景区中最典型最有代表性的资新盆地丹霞地貌景观特征,并与我国其它著名丹霞地貌景观进行了对比和景观质量评价,指出资新盆地丹霞地貌景区具备申报世界地质公园的诸多有利条件和基础,广西资源县与湖南新宁县应该联合起来协调申报。     

延安地区丹霞地貌类型及发育机制研究

延安地区丹霞地貌是国内外地貌学界近年来的最新发现和持续关注点.通过对延安地区丹霞地貌地质遗迹的系统调查和研究发现,该区丹霞地貌景观资源丰富,类型多样,具有较高的观赏价值和科学研究价值.通过野外考察和岩石样品分析,从地质构造、地层组合、岩性特征和外动力等方面来探讨延安地区丹霞地貌的发育机制.研究表明:晚白垩世以来,该地区...     

陕西省丹霞地貌景观特征、空间分布与形成机理初探

陕西省共有丹霞地貌54处,分布在鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起和伊陕斜坡。正、负丹霞地貌兼具,沿西南—东北方向呈现明显的区域分异规律;风成沙漠相砂岩丹霞分布面积最广,以狭缝型沟谷丹霞、波浪型丹霞、彩色丘陵为特色,多数处于发育青年期。运用最邻近点指数法、核密度分析法研究得出,陕西省丹霞地貌分布的空间结构类型为凝聚型,出现2个高密度区（延安甘泉—志丹—安塞—富县丹霞片区和榆林靖边丹霞片区）、1个中密度区（照金—旬邑—彬县丹霞片区）和2个低密度区（宝鸡九龙山片区、神木公格沟—府谷莲花辿片区）。从形成机理看,鄂尔多斯盆地中生代沉积奠定了丹霞地貌的物质基础,燕山晚期以来的地势格局控制着正、负地貌的分布,节理和裂隙特征对丹霞地貌景观格局起关键性作用,水蚀、风蚀等为主导营力塑造出丹霞地貌景观形态。     

龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌特征及与国内其他丹霞地貌的对比

江西龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌景观发育于信江盆地中生代红层中,以发育老年早期孤峰、峰林、残丘类地貌景观为特征,是我国丹霞地貌发育最好的地区之一。断裂切割、岩性差异、流水侵蚀和重力崩塌作用,是造成丹霞地貌景观差异的主要原因,同时由于所处盆地内位置、出露的红层性质以及构造发育特征的不同,也影响地貌发育的特色。目前国内所发现的丹霞地貌主要分布于东南、西南和西北地区。由于它们所处的大地构造位置、地壳活动特征、自然地理条件的不同,丹霞地貌的成因机制也不相同。阐述了龙虎山世界地质公园丹霞地貌景观类型及其特色,并着重研究丹霞地貌景观的成因机制,以及与其他地质公园、遗产地进行比较研究。     

滇中新生代盆地形成构造机制及类型

走滑、推覆和旋转是滇中新生代陆内变形构造的基本方式,是印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞所致。从滇中构造运动特征分析湖、盆形成的构造机制,将构造作用分为四种:走滑、旋转、走滑旋转复合和走滑推覆复合,并将盆地划分为六种类型。     

安徽齐云山丹霞地貌成因

齐云山丹霞地貌主要发育于中白垩统小岩组K₂x¹红色砂砾岩层中, 该区地貌发育主要受景德镇-祁门断裂带、江湾-街口挤压破裂带和开化-淳安褶断带三大断裂带控制。在白垩世该区经历了地块沉降, 成为陆上的断陷湖盆, 由此接受了巨厚的白垩系红层堆积。在新构造运动中, 该区经历了隆升过程, 巨厚的白垩系沉积物变成了海拔500~600 m的山体。白垩系红色砂砾岩在经历了垂直节理发育、风化破坏阶段及剥蚀搬运阶段后, 同时受岩性本身砂岩与砾岩在组分和结构上的影响, 差异性风化剥蚀显著, 因此形成了壮观的峰林、崖、洞、方山、城堡及天生桥景观。该区585 m、400 m和150 m处的三级裂点, 大致反映了该区新构造运动中三次主要的抬升过程。     

浙江江郎山丹霞地貌发育的年代与成因

江郎山位于华南褶皱系、江山-绍兴深断裂和保安-峡口-张村断裂带之间.白垩纪早期这两大断裂的拉张断陷导致峡口盆地的形成,随之主要有下白垩统永康群馆头组(K1g)、朝川组(K1c)和方岩组(K1f)在盆地中的沉积.白垩纪晚期上述两大断裂发生强烈挤压活动,峡口盆地逐渐隆升.新生代以来,峡口盆地在构造抬升中,产生大量张断裂和节理,加速了对岩体的切割,以及岩体被切割后的崩塌,导致了丹霞地貌的发育.江郎山丹霞地貌申报世界自然遗产的主要依据是其特有的壮观而独特的老年期孤峰-巷谷以及生动而逼真的象形石丹霞地貌特征、独特的地台活化现象与重要的岩石学科学研究意义以及该区特有的重要事件地层学和古生物学研究的科学意义.本文根据对江郎山亚峰垂直贯穿于丹霞地貌岩层永康群中辉绿岩脉标本K-Ar法的测年,揭示了当地峡口红层盆地抬升的时代为晚白垩世77.89±2.6Ma BP(K2),这也是我国目前丹霞地貌研究中所测得的可靠年代学数据.     

Danxia landform genesis of the Qiyun Mountain, Anhui Province

The Danxia landform of Qiyun Mountain is mainly developed on the red granule conglomerates named Xiaoyan Group (K2x1) of middle Cretaceous series, which is controlled mainly by three faulted zones, namely, Jingdezhen-Qimen faulted zone, Jiangwan-Jiekou compressional faulted zone and Kaihua-Chun’an folding faulted zone. During the Cretaceous period, this area firstly experienced massif subsidence to become a continental faulted basin, then having thick Cretaceous red sediments accumulated on it. In the supervened neotectonism, this area experienced an uplifting process, which made the thick Cretaceous sediments into a mountain with an altitude of 500-600 m. After undergoing the processes of vertical joint development, weathering, denudation and transportation, as well as evidently differential weathering and denudation influenced by lithology and structure between sandstone and conglomerate, the grand Danxia landscape consisting of peak forests, steep cliffs, caves, mesas, castellated peaks, natural bridges and so on formed. The three nick points located respectively at 585 m, 400 m and 150 m generally reflect the three dominated uplifting processes during the neotectonism.     

福建冠豸山丹霞地貌成因及旅游景观特色

福建冠豸山自晚株罗世以来经历了山间盆地形成和侏罗、白垩系巨厚砂砾岩堆积成岩阶段,新构造运动中使盆地隆升和节理发育。自第三纪以来主要经夯了４次较大幅度具掀斜性质的抬升过程。从４级夷平面的相对高差可知,第一、二次抬升之间幅度差为３４～７８．８ｍ,第二、三次抬升之间的幅度差为８１～１００ｍ,第三、四次为３８～４６ｍ。在抬升过程中,受内力挤压和四周围岩压力逐渐消失造成的卸荷作用影响,岩层出现众多深大裂隙和     

安徽齐云山丹霞地貌成因

According to the study of some local scholars (Peng Hua et al., 2000), over 400 sites of Danxia landform have been already discovered in China. Chen Guoda (1935), Zeng Zhaoxuan et al. (1978), Huang Jin et al. (1992; 1994; 1996) and Peng Hua et al. (1998; …     

浙江江郎山丹霞地貌发育的年代与成因

article revealed the uplift age of red-bed basin to be 77.89±2.6 MaBP (K2) I.e. Late Cretaceous, and it is the first chronological datum of Danxia landform research in China.     

Age and genesis of the Danxia landform on Jianglang Mountain, Zhejiang Province

Jianglang Mountain is situated at the transitional zone of South China fold-system, Jiangshan–Shaoxing deep fracture zone and Baoan–Xiakou–Zhangcun fracture zone. The forming of the Xiakou basin was attributed to the pull-apart fault depression by the above fractures in earlier Cretaceous, afterward, series deposits such as Guantou formation (K1g), Chaochuan formation (K1c) and Fangyan formation (K1f) which belong to Yongkang group, the lower Cretaceous layer accumulated in the Xiakou basin. In late Cretaceous, the above fractures occurred to extrude and the basin began to uplift, meanwhile, amounts of tension fissures and joints were produced since Cenozoic, which accelerated water-dicing into bed-rock. Consequently, landform-building processing: weathering, eroding and collapsing etc. were prevalent as finally to develop the so-called Danxia landform. The Jianglang Mountain landscape zone of the Danxia landform to apply for world natural relics are relying on unique and unparalleled peak, sky-split valley with vivid stones and reviving of platform. What is more, there is significance of study at lithology, stratigraphy and paleo-biology. According to dating for specimen of ophitic vein through-crossing the Yongkang group of Yafeng Peak by K-Ar method, this article revealed the uplift age of red-bed basin to be 77.89±2.6 MaBP (K2) i.e. late Cretaceous, and it is the first chronological datum of Danxia landform research in China.     

中国丹霞地貌空间格局

1 IntroductionD anxia landform ,a kind of im portantscenic landform ,has its unique function in shape-m akingand scenery-constructing.It is distributed throughout m ost parts of China (H uang, 1999, 2003;Figure 1). It has m uch value in tourism for its re…     

Comparative studies of Danxia landforms in China

Danxia geomorphology originates from China. This paper studies the spatial distribution and differences in characteristics of Danxia landforms. Based on relevant research and investigations, three congregated areas of Danxia landform in China are discussed in this paper. They are the southeast area (including Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan and Guangxi provinces), the southwest area (the transitional zone of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Sichuan Basin) and the northwest area (including Longshan mountain and along the banks of the Huanghe River and its anabranches). Not only the conditions of geology and geography of the three areas but also the differences of Danxia landforms of the three areas are analyzed. The Danxia landscape, characterized by upright-shaped peaks, Danxia mesa, stone wall, cave and vertical cave, "Danxia natural bridge", "a narrow strip of sky" and so on, often presents in the southeast area. The landscape of southwest area is characterized by Danxia escarpment faces and waterfalls. In the northwest area, the Danxia landscape has the traits of arid areas simultaneously, for example, mud-coating type, columniation type, board type, moreover, it is greatly different between these environmental factors such as the microclimate, water, wind, and the loess cover. Finally it explores the causes which lead differences in landform and also explains the landform formation process and its mechanism with reference to the rates of crustal uplift, the tectonic red-basin, and the external processes including working of running water, weathering, biogenic, gravity in each area of Danxia Landforms in China.