X射线荧光光谱分析中不同价态硫对测定硫的影响及地质试样中全硫…

研究工作表明在粉末压片试样中，由于不同价态的硫所发射的Ｘ射线谱发生位移，Ｋａ／ｋβ谱线强度比不一致；以及粉末压片－ＸＰＥ测定硫的结果随保存时间的增长发生变化，导致了分析地质试样中全硫时的测定误差，提出采用熔融粉末压片法制样，试样中硫全面部转为在硫酸盐硫，克服了谱线位移和试样不稳定问题，提高了全硫分析结果的准确性。     

钒的Kβ谱带精细结构的测定及钒的价态分析

用普通Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪测定了钒的氧化物、钒酸盐及含钒混合物中Ｖ的Ｋβ谱线,借助一套有效的谱处理程序,获得了有关Ｋβ谱线精细结构的谱峰参数,证实了谱线轮廓（Ｋβ″峰逐渐显著,Ｋβ５、Ｋβ″向高能端位移,Ｋβ５与Ｋβ１,３的分开趋势,Ｋβ１,３半峰宽发生变化）及谱峰参数（Ｋβ５峰能量,Ｋβ５与Ｋβ１,３能量差,Ｋβ５与Ｋβ１,３及Ｋβ″与Ｋβ１,３的强度比,以及Ｋβ５和Ｋβ１,３的不对称因子）与Ｖ的氧化数变化呈很强的相关性及规律性变化。     

用X射线光谱法测定锰的X射线发射谱的细结构及锰的价态分析

在普通的ＸＲＦ光谱仪上测定金属锰，氧化锰、锰的化合物中ＭｎＫβ发射谱带，经谱数据处理获得了谱线的轮廓线及谱峰参数（峰位，峰高，峰宽，峰宽，峰函数比例因子，不对称因子）；研究了谱参数与价态间的关系。结果表明ＭｎＫβ谱带结构与化合价，氧化数，化学键及配位状况有关，利用所得出的规律对太平洋锰结核的价态作了定性测定，并用谱峰分解法对Ｍｎ３Ｏ４试样进行化学价态定量分析的浓度量，得到满意的结果。     

X射线荧光光谱法同时测定白云岩中氧化钙和氧化镁等主次量组分

针对白云岩主次量组分同时测定中存在的问题,采用熔融玻璃片和粉末压片法制样(运用熔片-压片法相结合),选用有关的国家一级标准物质和省二级标准物质,以经验α系数法和散射线内标法校正元素谱线重叠干扰和基体效应,采用X射线荧光光谱法对白云岩样品中的氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化铝、二氧化硅、磷、氧化锰、全三氧化二铁和硫8个组分进行测定,分析结果与标准值或化学值吻合,各组分12次重复测定的相对标准偏差小于10%。方法操作简便、快捷。     

X射线能地测定土壤中7种主次量元素

采用粉末样品压片制样,土壤标准物质以及人工合成标样为标准,用Ｘ射线荧光能谱仪对土壤试样中的Ｓｉ、Ｋ、ｃａ、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｓｒ７种、次量元素进行测定。讨论了基体疚及校正等问题。方法经土壤标样分析验证,其结果与标准值符合较好,方法的精密度《３％     

X射线荧光光谱法直接测定碳酸盐岩石中主次痕量元素

采用粉末样品压片制样，碳酸盐岩石标样及人工合成标样为标准，使用理论α系数及散射线内标法校正元素的吸收＿增强效应，用Ｘ射线光谱仪对碳酸盐岩石试样中的Ｎａ、Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｓｉ、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｃｌ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｓｃ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｇａ、Ｒｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｙ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｂａ、Ｐｂ、Ｌａ、Ｃｅ和Ｔｈ等３０种主次痕量元素进行测定，其分析结果与标样标准值（或化学法值）符合较好，方法的精密度（ＲＳＤ，ｎ＝１０）＜１０％（除含量在检出限附近的元素外），各元素检出限基本满足化探要求     

X射线荧光光谱法测定海洋沉积物中35种元素

采用混合熔剂熔融和粉末压片法制样，使用理论α系数和攻射线内标法校正元素间的吸收一增效应，用３０８０Ｅ２型Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪对试样中的３５种元素进行测定，其分析结果的精密度和准确度可与化学法相媲美。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定钒的原子价平均值

用Ｘ射线荧光光谱法测定了一系列钒的氧化物混合物中Ｖ的Ｋβ谱线的精细结构,研究了钒的氧化物中Ｋβ谱峰参数随混合物平均原子价变化的规律,并利用所作的定标曲线对一些实际样品,如钒渣、磁铁矿中钒的平均原子价进行了定量测定。     

理学3080E型X射线荧光光谱仪分辨率的改善

通过对理学３０８０Ｅ型Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪第二准直器的改造,使谱仪对ＳＫβ谱线的相对分辨率减少了近２０％,即改造后的谱仪分辨能力提高了近２０％,而且谱峰强度仍保持在较高水平。为开展硫等轻元素化学价态的分析研究与元素谱线互相重叠干扰复杂的试料分析提供了有利条件。     

X射线能谱法测定土壤中7种主次量元素

采用粉末样品压片制样,土壤标准物质以及人工合成标样为标准,用Ｘ 射线荧光能谱仪对土壤试样中的Ｓｉ、Ｋ、Ｃａ 、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ 、Ｆｅ 和Ｓｒ ７ 种主、次量元素进行测定。讨论了基体效应及校正等问题。方法经土壤标样分析验证,其结果与标准值符合较好,方法的精密度（ ＲＳＤ,ｎ ＝ ５） ＜ ３ ％ 。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861