陕西省石墨矿成矿特征及成矿区带划分

石墨矿是具有重要发展前景的原材料矿产。笔者对陕西省石墨矿床类型、成矿时代、矿床成因进行了分析归纳,认为陕西省石墨矿产资源具有类型齐全、矿石质量有明显差异的特点。对陕西省石墨矿典型矿床进行了分析,对成矿规律进行了总结,认为区域变质型为晶质石墨矿重要成因类型,岩浆作用、混合岩化作用对石墨矿物片度增大有促进作用;接触变质型为隐晶质石墨重要成因类型,矿体分布在岩体外接触带,规模较小。根据成矿条件对陕西省石墨矿成矿区带进行了划分,指出了陕西省石墨矿进一步找矿方向。     

中国石墨矿成矿特征及成矿区带划分

石墨广泛应用于冶金、机械、航空、航天、电子信息、新能源汽车等领域,已成为高新技术领域中的重要原料。近年来陆续发现了内蒙古查汗木胡魯、四川南江等大型区域变质型石墨矿,尤其在新疆黄羊山地区发现了特大型岩浆岩型晶质石墨矿,为石墨成矿规律研究提供了新的方向。本文在广泛收集和研究以往石墨成果的基础上,结合野外实地调研和最新石墨勘查成果,系统总结了石墨时空分布规律、成矿地质作用,划分了石墨成矿区带。中国石墨矿矿床类型以区域变质型为主,成矿期以前寒武纪为主,其形成的石墨鳞片大,结晶程度高,经济意义大;岩浆岩型晶质石墨矿赋矿围岩为海西期碱性花岗岩,成矿时代与岩浆侵入时代一致;接触变质型石墨矿赋矿层位较集中在二叠—侏罗纪,其成矿作用与燕山期—海西期中酸性岩浆活动密切相关。稳定隆起区的大型复式褶皱构造翼部及转折端是石墨成矿有利的构造单元。初步划分了石墨成矿区带21个,提出佳木斯—兴凯(地块)石墨成矿带、华北陆块北缘中段石墨成矿带、胶北隆起石墨成矿带、准噶尔地块石墨成矿带、华北陆块南缘—秦岭等石墨成矿带较为重要。本次石墨成矿规律总结及成矿区带初步划分对指导石墨找矿勘查部署具有一定意义。     

湖南钨矿成矿密度、成矿强度规律及定量分析

在整理湖南73处钨矿床资料的基础上,通过成矿区带划分、控矿因素归纳、重要钨矿成矿区带的成矿密度和成矿强度的定量分析,将湖南钨矿区带划分为5个Ⅲ级成矿区（带）、12个Ⅳ级成矿亚带（区）、20个矿集区。梳理Ⅳ级各成矿亚带（区）的矿床分布特征可知,万洋山—诸广山成矿区（Ⅲ-83-5）钨矿床数量最多,资兴—宜章成矿区（Ⅲ-83-4）的成矿强度最强,达212.74 t/km2。各矿集区矿床分布特征显示,千里山—骑田岭钨矿集区（Ⅲ-83-4-a）有9处钨矿床,矿床数量最多;瑶岗仙钨矿集区（Ⅲ-83-5-c）成矿密度、成矿强度均位居矿集区首位。燕山期为钨矿成矿的高峰期,该期形成的WO3累计查明资源量占全省累计查明资源量的78.78%。     

天津市成矿区带和成矿系列

对天津市成矿区带进行研究和探讨,划分了2个Ⅲ级成矿区、5个Ⅳ级成矿亚带和19个Ⅴ级成矿预测区,并对其成矿特征进行了总结,并划分了矿床成矿系列。     

湖南涟邵煤田北段寒婆坳矿区煤及石墨矿地质特征

为研究花岗岩体对煤层石墨化的影响,合理开发矿产资源,并指导同类型煤与石墨矿的找矿工作,通过系统采样测试,分析湖南涟邵煤田北段寒婆坳矿区煤与石墨矿的地质特征及分布范围,总结了煤系石墨化的成矿模式,确定了寒婆坳矿区距离岩体500~600 m的范围内,煤层石墨化程度高,预测寒婆矿区南部具有寻找大型石墨矿的潜力。      

延边-东宁成矿区带金矿资源预测与找矿远景

通过对延边-东宁成矿区带地质特征、控矿条件及典型矿床的研究,总结了延边-东宁成矿区带的控矿地质条件及成矿规律,应用矿床定位预测系统(DPIS),对延边-东宁成矿带进行了成矿预测,结合区内的控矿条件及成矿规律划分了找矿远景区.     

四平山门—放牛沟一带成矿系列及成矿区带划分

山门—放牛沟一带分布有众多的贵金属、多金属矿床(点),是吉林省重要的成矿区带之一,本文根据前人的工作成果,总结了该区的成矿地质背景和成矿系列,并在全国Ⅲ级成矿区带划分的基础上进行了Ⅳ级成矿亚带的划分,对各成矿亚带的特征进行了总结。     

福建漳平可坑矿区煤系石墨赋存规律研究

漳平可坑矿区地处福建省中部含煤条带,赋存有丰富的高变质无烟煤,有较好的煤系石墨资源前景,是福建重要的石墨成矿区。为了查明可坑矿区煤系石墨的赋存规律,利用X射线衍射、拉曼光谱等技术,结合矿区岩浆活动和构造运动,对煤成石墨结构演化特征、煤成石墨化作用机制和控制因素进行了研究。结果表明煤系石墨是岩浆热和构造应力共同作用的产物,在煤成石墨化过程中,岩浆热产生的高温促进芳香层相互连接和横向增长,构造应力有利于芳香层的择优定向和有序堆叠,煤成石墨结构在温度、应力等因素作用下,碳层间结构缺陷逐渐消亡,石墨晶格逐渐形成,微观相逐渐转变,最终形成比较完善的石墨结构。研究明确了矿区构造和岩浆岩侵入对煤成石墨化作用的影响,划分了构造动力—岩浆热变质带、岩浆热—构造变质带、构造动力变质带三个变质带和三级控矿断裂带。可坑矿区煤系石墨产于构造动力—岩浆热变质带中,矿层靠近岩体呈近东西走向的单斜层状、似层状展布,但矿床的展布不完全受制于岩体,在空间上也受三级控矿断裂带的控制。      

大兴安岭地区成矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

大兴安岭地区是古生代古亚洲成矿域与中生代滨太平洋成矿域相互叠置的重要成矿区带,具有潜在的找矿前景.本文根据该地区的这一特殊的成矿地质环境,对矿床（点）分布、矿床类型、物化探异常特征及成矿地质背景进行了详细研究,总结了各成矿区带的成矿地质特征、成矿作用及成矿规律,进行了找矿前景分析,提出了以找大矿、富矿和找隐伏矿、半隐伏矿为主的找矿思路,并指出了本区找矿重点和找矿方向,提出了矿产工作的部署建议.     

基于区域重磁信息的湖南怀化地区金属成矿预测

根据湖南怀化地区1∶20万区域重力资料和1∶5万航磁资料,研究了怀化地区深部断裂及岩浆岩特征,圈定了隐伏-半隐伏岩体和断裂构造,并根据地质矿产和物化探综合信息,分析了成矿区带与岩体和构造的关系,总结了成矿区带的区域重磁场特征,圈出5个成矿远景区,为怀化地区寻找深部矿和隐伏矿提供了重要信息。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861