基于多点位移控制的梁柱节点刚度对钢框架抗震性能的影响

利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立不同梁柱节点连接刚度的平面钢框架模型,采用SPRING2单元模拟梁柱连接,以不同弯矩—转角曲线作为节点约束条件,并通过添加位移约束方程实现多点位移控制加载。通过与两层两跨半刚性钢框架的实验结果进行模型验证,设定不同节点刚度影响系数α的值,建立一组不同节点刚度的六层两跨钢框架模型,对其进行了单向加载及循环加载,对比分析了承载力、侧向刚度、延性、耗能能力、刚度退化等特性。结果表明：当α介于1/15~1/20时钢框架承载力及侧向刚度较高,且具有良好的延性及耗能能力。可为实际工程中节点设计提供参考。     

铰接隅撑钢框架抗震性能研究

传统抗弯钢框架的梁柱节点通常设计为刚性连接,这种刚性节点具有很大的抗弯刚度,然而节点延性不足,罕遇地震作用导致节点脆性断裂.研究学者提出了多种解决该问题的思路,例如半刚性连接节点、节点加强或削弱方法使塑性铰外移等.本文提出了一种简化的梁柱节点连接方式-铰接连接,改变梁柱节点的传力方式,在节点处设置隅撑提供框架的抗侧刚度...     

梁柱节点刚度对Y形偏心支撑半刚接钢框架抗震性能的影响

为了研究不同梁柱节点刚度对Y形偏心支撑半刚接钢框架抗震性能的影响,利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了不同梁柱节点连接刚度的六层两跨平面钢框架模型,并对其滞回性能进行了非线性数值分析,对比分析了各模型的承载力、侧向刚度、延性、耗能能力等特性。结果表明:随着节点刚度的增大,各模型的屈服荷载、极限荷载、抗侧刚度、延性系数逐渐增大。Y形偏心支撑半刚接钢框架节点刚度越接近理想刚接情况,其抗震性能越好。倒三角水平循环荷载作用下,各模型均为耗能连梁首先屈服,且按照由底层到顶层的顺序逐渐屈服,中间底层柱在受力过程中应力较大,设计时应重点考虑。     

半刚性连接空间钢框架的拟动力试验分析

为了进一步研究半刚性连接钢框架的整体抗震性能,利用拟动力试验方法对半刚性连接空间钢框架进行了动力分析,得到了地震作用下钢框架在弹性范围内的层间位移、层间剪力以及节点区的应变变化;研究了半刚性连接钢框架的耗能机理。结论表明,半刚性连接钢框架具有较好的抗震性能,有很好的工程应用前景。     

外伸端板螺栓连接节点的强度和刚度研究

介绍了多层钢框架外伸端板连接半刚性节点在荷载作用下的试验过程和破坏结果,并根据试验结果,分析三种不同连接类型的强度和刚度特性及影响因素,对外伸端板厚度的计算方法和增强外伸端板连接半刚性节点刚度的构造措施进行了探讨并提出建议。     

T型钢连接整体钢框架的抗震性能研究

T型钢连接具有造价低、安装方便等优点,是刚度最大的半刚性连接之一。为了研究T型钢连接整体钢框架的抗震性能,进行了一个两层单跨单开间钢框架模型的拟动力试验,研究了T型钢连接钢框架在El Centro波和宁河天津波作用下节点区域的应变变化、层间位移反应和荷载反馈,分析了钢框架在弹性范围内的变形能力、承载力和抗震能力。试验结果表明,T型钢连接钢框架在弹性范围内具有较好的变形能力、承载能力及良好的抗震性能。研究结论可供工程应用参考。     

半刚性连接钢框架抗震性能的模型试验研究

通过两榀1／2比例的一跨两层半刚性连接钢框架模型的低周反复荷载试验,研究了框架模型的破坏机制、、出饺顺序、滞回特性、耗能能力等抗震性能。从而得出结论：具有腹板双角钢的顶底角钢连接的钢框架由于节点连接刚度较小,因此框架在侧向力作用下变形较大,但同时此连接也改善了梁柱的内力分布,提高了框架的耗能能力,增加了结构抗震性能。     

抗弯框架-钢板剪力墙结构体系抗震性能研究

基于等效拉杆理论和静力弹塑性分析法,对8层钢板剪力墙结构进行了静力推覆分析,在节点铰接和刚接连接形式下,分析了结构层间剪力分配、荷载-位移曲线、塑性铰出现顺序等指标,研究了节点刚度变化对结构整体性能的影响.结果表明:三跨刚接模型中,剪力墙承担约65％水平剪力,钢框架承担约35％,梁柱铰接后承载力降低29％左右.单跨刚接模型中,剪力墙承担约80％水平剪力,钢框架承担约20％,梁柱铰接后承载力降低9％左右.梁柱刚接为双重抗侧力体系,相邻跨框架能提供有效刚度,节点连接形式对结构承载力的影响不容忽视.     

T型钢半刚性连接梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究

通过对两组T型钢连接梁柱节点的单向与循环加载试验,了解该类型节点的抗震性能以及翼缘厚度对节点抗震性能的影响,并通过IDARC程序模拟节点的受荷过程,讨论T型钢连接梁柱节点理论建模的方法.试验研究表明:T型钢梁柱连接滞回曲线饱满,连接表现出了良好的延性,极限转角均超过了欧洲规范规定的极限转角0.03 rad,具有较为理想的抗震性能;T型钢翼缘越厚,节点初始刚度、承载力以及耗能能力越大;对于半刚性连接中螺栓刚度大于T型钢翼缘刚度的试件应按T型钢的极限承载力设计.程序分析表明:利用刚度均匀变化的节点板模拟T型钢的半刚性连接具有较高的模拟精度,通过调整节点板底部刚度以及屈服弯矩可以模拟不同翼缘厚的T型钢半刚性连接.     

增设节点阻尼器的外附钢框架结构抗震性能试验研究

提出一种组合型减震结构,由钢框架、节点阻尼器和原结构连接组成,外附钢框架将节点阻尼器连接在原混凝土框架结构上形成的增设节点阻尼器的外附钢框架结构,节点阻尼器的剪切滞回变形可以减小结构自身需要消耗的能量,从而提高原结构抗震性能。对原混凝土结构和增设节点阻尼器的组合型结构进行了的振动台试验。通过分析结构在不同地震波激励下的加速度和位移响应,得出楼层加速度和层位移的减震效果。研究结果表明:该结构体系在小震作用下通过提高结构刚度来增强其抗震性能;在大震作用下则可借助节点阻尼器的变形耗能来提升结构耗能能力,结构加速度减震系数达到53%,层间位移减震系数高达72%,验证了增设节点阻尼器的外附钢框架结构的减震效果。     

Evaluation of the fishbone model in simulating the seismic response of multistory reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames

The fishbone model is a simplified numerical model for moment-resisting frames that is capable of modelling the effects of column-beam strength and stiffness ratios. The applicability of the fishbone model in simulating the seismic responses of reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames of different sets of column-beam strength and stiffness ratios are evaluated through nonlinear static, dynamic and incremental dynamic analysis on six prototype buildings of 4-, 8-and 12-stories. The results show that the fishbone model is practically accurate enough for reinforced concrete frames, although the assumption of equal joint rotation does not hold in all cases. In addition to the ground motion characteristics and the number of stories in the structures, the accuracy of the model also varies with the column-beam stiffness and strength ratios. The model performs better for strong column-weak beam frames, in which the lateral drift patterns are better controlled by the continuous stiffness provided by the strong columns. When the inelastic deformation is large, the accuracy of the model may be subjected to large record-to-record variability. This is especially the case for frames of weak columns.     

Steel rings as seismic fuses for enhancing ductility of cross braced frames

A new remedy is proposed in this study to increase the ductility of cross-braced frames to a level comparable with ductile moment frames. The suggested system consists of one or two concentric steel rings installed in the cross-braced bay vertically. The steel rings are designed such that they fail in bending sooner than failure of the braces in compression.Then the rings act as seismic fuses with multiple bending plastic hinges. Using nonlinear static analysis, it is shown that the proposed sys...     

节点刚度变化下角钢塔静力和风振响应分析

使用有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究节点刚度对自立式角钢塔结构静力性能和风振响应的影响,主要研究内容有:采用线性滤波法中自回归AR模型和MATLAB编程模拟了脉动风速时程;建立考虑节点刚度的角钢塔模型,研究了静力和风振作用下节点刚度对结构内力和位移的影响。分析结果表明:节点刚度对角钢塔的静力性能和风振响应影响显著。     

不同支撑形式高强钢组合偏心支撑抗震性能研究

耗能梁段作为偏心支撑结构的耗能元件,在大震作用下通过弹塑性变形吸收地震能量,保护主体结构处于弹性受力状态。现行规范基于强度的设计理论,为了保证耗能梁段进入塑性或破坏,梁柱构件需要进行放大内力设计,导致截面过大,而且基于强度的设计方法很难保证结构的整体破坏状态。目前,抗震设计越来越重视基于性能的设计思想,该方法能够评估结构的弹塑性反应。对于高强钢组合偏心支撑,其中耗能梁段和支撑采用Q345钢,框架梁柱采用Q460或者Q690高强度钢材,高强钢不仅带来良好的经济效益,而且能够推广高强钢在抗震设防区的应用。利用基于性能设计方法设计了4种不同形式的高强钢组合偏心支撑钢框架,包括K形、Y形、V形和D形,考虑4层、8层、12层和16层的影响。通过Pushover分析和非线性时程分析评估该结构的抗震性能,研究结果表明:4种形式的高强钢组合偏心支撑钢框架具有类似的抗震性能,在罕遇地震作用下,几乎所有耗能梁段均参与耗能,而且层间侧移与耗能梁段转角沿高度分布较为均匀。其中:D形偏心支撑具有最大的抗侧刚度,但延性较差,而Y形偏心支撑的抗侧刚度最弱,但延性最佳。     

Displacement-based design of steel moment resisting frames with partially-restrained beam-to-column joints

This article presents a method for the direct displacement-based design of steel moment resisting frames, with specific consideration of beam-to-column joint characteristics. The method can be used for steel frames having any type of beam-to-column joints, from rigid and full-strength to semi-rigid and partial-strength. The plastic rotation capacity of the joints is explicitly taken into account within the performance criteria for the design. To assess the accuracy of the method in controlling performance, case study structures were first designed and subsequently analysed using non-linear dynamic analysis with a set of real accelerograms. For all cases, the mean of peak inter-storey drift demands and the mean of peak plastic rotation demands on joints were controlled in accordance with the limits set during design. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed method is appropriate for the performance-based seismic design of steel moment resisting frames with different joint typologies.     

Centralized semi‐active control of post‐tensioned steel frames

Centralized semi‐active control is a technique for controlling the whole structure using one main computer. Centralized control systems introduce better control for relatively short to medium high structures where the response of any story cannot be separated from the adjacent ones. In this paper, two centralized control approaches are proposed for controlling the seismic response of post‐tensioned (PT) steel frames. The first approach, the stiffness control approach, aims to alter the stiffness of the PT frame so that it avoids large dynamic amplifications due to earthquake excitations. The second approach, deformation regulation control approach, aims at redistributing the demand/strength ratio in order to provide a more uniform distribution of deformations over the height of the structure. The two control approaches were assessed through simulations of the earthquake response of semi‐actively and passively controlled six‐story post‐tensioned steel frames. The results showed that the stiffness control approach is efficient in reducing the frame deformations and internal forces. The deformation regulation control approach was found to be efficient in reducing the frame displacements and generating a more uniform distribution of the inter‐story drifts. These results indicate that centralized semi‐active control can be used to improve the seismic performance of post‐tensioned steel frames. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mechanical behavior of buildings subjected to impulsive motions

This article analyses the response of steel-moment resisting frames subjected to near-field ground motions. In near-field areas high damage and a relevant number of collapsed steel buildings arose even when both design and detailing had been performed in perfect accordance with the code provisions. These circumstances are related to the characteristics of the motion that in such areas shows large-amplitude pulses along the fault-normal component. The response of two steel moment resisting frames characterized by different stiffness levels and subjected to seven different accelerograms recorded in stations located in near-field areas is discussed in the following. The frames have been also analyzed by modelling the real behavior of semi-rigid joints between beams and columns and taking into account the presence of passive dampers (shear link devices). The non-linear dynamic analysis has been performed with the aim of acquiring a quantitative knowledge on the effects of near-field ground motions on frame buildings and on their damage.     

带隅撑胶合木梁-双肢柱框架结构节点抗震性能试验研究

针对胶合木梁-柱节点抗弯能力弱的问题,提出了一种带隅撑的胶合木梁-双肢柱框架结构节点,以提高节点的转动刚度,改善梁柱结构框架的抗侧性能.对3组6个足尺胶合木梁-双肢柱框架结构节点进行了单调和低周反复加载试验以研究节点的抗震性能.结果表明:无隅撑节点类似于铰接,抗弯承载力很小,增设隅撑后显著提高了节点的转动刚度和抗弯承载...     

Collapse risk and residual drift performance of steel buildings using post-tensioned MRFs and viscous dampers in near-fault regions

The potential of post-tensioned self-centering moment-resisting frames (SC-MRFs) and viscous dampers to reduce the collapse risk and improve the residual drift performance of steel buildings in near-fault regions is evaluated. For this purpose, a prototype steel building is designed using different seismic-resistant frames, i.e.: moment-resisting frames (MRFs); MRFs with viscous dampers; SC-MRFs; and SC-MRFs with viscous dampers. The frames are modeled in OpenSees where material and geometrical nonlinearities are taken into account as well as stiffness and strength deterioration. A database of 91 near-fault, pulse-like ground motions with varying pulse periods is used to conduct incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), in which each ground motion is scaled until collapse occurs. The probability of collapse and the probability of exceeding different residual story drift threshold values are calculated as a function of the ground motion intensity and the period of the velocity pulse. The results of IDA are then combined with probabilistic seismic hazard analysis models that account for near-fault directivity to assess and compare the collapse risk and the residual drift performance of the frames. The paper highlights the benefit of combining the post-tensioning and supplemental viscous damping technologies in the near-source. In particular, the SC-MRF with viscous dampers is found to achieve significant reductions in collapse risk and probability of exceedance of residual story drift threshold values compared to the MRF.