向心式变摩擦阻尼器控制结构地震反应分析

介绍了向心式变摩擦阻尼器的原理及其基本力学性能,探讨了安装向心式变摩擦阻尼器结构在自由振动和强迫振动时的动力特性和动力反应特点,揭示了向心式变摩擦阻尼器引起结构抖振的机理,对安装向心式变摩擦阻尼器的结构的地震反应进行了分析,研究了向心式变摩擦阻尼器的参数对结构动力特性及地震反应的影响,给出了受控结构的非线性反应谱.     

新型主动变刚度阻尼器的滑动模态控制及仿真分析

设计出一种新型主动变刚度阻尼装置,该装置可向受控结构提供两种等效刚度,使受控结构能主动地避开地震动卓越频率而永远处于非共振的状态。基于变结构控制理论的滑动模态控制算法,推导了该新型阻尼器的两种开关控制律。仿真分析结果表明,这种新型主动变刚度阻尼器的减震效果是非常明显的,可取得明显优于被动控制的减震效果。两种控制律中,连续型滑动模态控制律可以更充分地发挥该新型阻尼器的性能,取得更好的控制效果。     

摩擦阻尼器的研究进展

摩擦阻尼器是一种运用摩擦阻尼原理耗散由振动输入到结构中能量的减震装置.相比传统的减震(振)阻尼器,摩擦阻尼器具有以下几点优势:工程结构安装的便利性、构造加工组装的简易性、较大的初始刚度及性能方面的稳定性等.整理并总结国内外学者在摩擦阻尼器方面取得的大量研究成果,包括摩擦阻尼器的类型、性能影响因素、试验研究以及国内外摩擦...     

滑动长孔螺栓摩擦阻尼器力学性能试验研究

本文在已有摩擦阻尼器的基础上,设计可应用于装配式剪力墙竖向接缝的阻尼器。通过改变摩擦材料、高强螺栓预紧力等参数,对阻尼器工作性能参数（起滑力、起滑位移、等效初始刚度等）进行对比分析。研究结果表明,当摩擦材料为黄铜板、铝板及碳纤维板时,2个受力方向的起滑力相差不大,而当摩擦材料为橡胶板时,由于橡胶自身强度较低,2个受力方向的起滑力差异较大,工作性能相对较差;4种材料起滑位移及等效初始刚度在不同预紧力下按照一定规律变化,表现出较好的工作性能。在实际应用中,应设置碟形垫片以保证预紧力的稳定,使阻尼器工作性能良好。     

新型压电变摩擦阻尼器的研发与性能试验

本文采用商用标准件叠层压电驱动器和圆形摩擦盘,研发了能提供水平任一方向可调摩擦阻尼力的新型压电变摩擦阻尼器,能与圆形隔震垫协同工作复合而成智能隔震系统.文中首先提出了新型压电阻尼器的基本结构,制作了试验室比例的模型;其次针对压电驱动器变形在微米数量级的特点和约束钢架的刚度特性,提出了基于有限元分析的形状系数和可调正压力计算方法.并用约束钢架变形试验验证了有限元分析的正确性;最后通过阻尼器性能试验提出了连续型的阻尼力计算模型,一种适合于实际工程应用的摩擦阻尼力模型.提出的新型压电摩擦阻尼器构造简单,阻尼力调节方便,响应速度快,特别是便于进一步增大阻尼力调节倍数,能够较大地推动压电阻尼器实用化进程.     

一种SMA复合摩擦阻尼器的设计与性能研究

利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的超弹性特性,将SMA丝与摩擦阻尼器复合,提出了一种SMA复合摩擦阻尼器,给出了SMA复合摩擦阻尼器的工作机理和设计方法,建立了其理论模型,确定了SMA复合摩擦阻尼器的力-位移滞回曲线,并对一SMA复合摩擦阻尼器控震单自由度体系在地震作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟。结果表明,提出的SMA复合摩擦阻尼器具有优良的耗能减振性能。     

压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器及其性能试验与分析

本文结合压电驱动器和T型摩擦阻尼器的特点，提出了压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器，并建立了阻尼器输入电压主动调节或按位移和速度相关调节的阻尼力模型。其次，设计制作了最大阻尼力450N、阻尼力可调倍数2.5～3倍的小比例模型压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器，进行了可调阻尼力性能试验，得到了输入电压主动调节和分别按位移和速度相关调节的阻尼力滞回曲线，试验结果与阻尼力模型分析结果吻合较好。此外，探讨了压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器的规格化设计，分别设计了最大阻尼力20kN和200kN、阻尼力可调倍数2的压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器参数。压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器构造简单、阻尼力调节方便、响应迅速，是一种性能优燎能阻尼器.     

新型自复位变摩擦阻尼器试验研究

目前阻尼器运用广泛,但传统摩擦阻尼器无法适应不同的振动强度,且在地震作用后损坏严重,没有自复位功能。文章利用形状记忆合金的超弹性,提出一种新型的自复位变摩擦阻尼器,介绍了阻尼器的构造、基本工作原理并推导了其力学模型,之后对阻尼器进行了力学试验。得到如下结论：该阻尼器不仅能在不同等级地震作用下满足耗能要求,还具有良好的自复位能力;力学试验得到的滞回曲线与理论推导的力学模型吻合较好,印证了力学模型的正确性;该阻尼器耗能能力随着合金丝直径、螺栓预紧力和坡面坡度的增大而增强;残余位移随着合金丝直径和坡面坡度增大而减小、随着预紧力增大而增大。     

基于几何非线性的Pall型摩擦阻尼器滞回特性分析与试验验证

本文从Palll摩擦阻尼器四连杆机构的几伺非线性变形特征出发,分析一种改进的Pall摩擦阻尼器--T形芯板摩擦阻尼器的滞回特性以及支撑的受力特点.本文与不考虑几何非线性的简化计算方法得到完全不同的结论:支撑的拉力在阻尼器起滑后并不保持为一常数,而是呈显著增加趋势,支撑最大拉力可达起滑时的2～3倍.试验结果也充分验证了这一结论.这一结论意味着按传统简化计算方法设计的Pall阻尼结构可能存在较大安全隐患.     

梯队式变刚度滞变-摩擦隔震体系的抗震设计方法

首先,在简述已有隔震体系抗震设计方法的基础上,分析了滞变一摩擦隔震体系各种因素对基底剪力的影响;然后,通过大量仿真分析,采用多项式回归的方法提出了与规范衔接的水平地震作用的计算公式;最后,提出了梯队式变刚度滞变一摩擦隔震体系的抗震设计方法,并通过工程实例验证了方法的有效性。     

A novel semi-active TMD with folding variable stiffness spring

An innovative variable stiffness device is proposed and investigated based on numerical simulations. The device, called a folding variable stiffness spring (FVSS), can be widely used, especially in tuned mass dampers (TMDs) with adaptive stiffness. An important characteristic of FVSS is its capability to change the stiffness between lower and upper bounds through a small change of distance between its supports. This special feature results in lower time-lag errors and readjustment in shorter time intervals. The governing equations of the device are derived and simplified for a symmetrical FVSS with similar elements. This device is then used to control a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) structure as well as a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structure via a semi-active TMD. Numerical simulations are conducted to compare several control cases for these structures. To make it more realistic, a real direct current motor with its own limitations is simulated in addition to an ideal control case with no limitations and both the results are compared. It is shown that the proposed device can be effectively used to suppress undesirable vibrations of a structure and considerably improves the performance of the controller compared to a passive device.     

A Semi‐active piezoelectric friction damper

This research investigates the development of a semi‐active piezoelectric friction damper for controlling the seismic response of large‐scale structures. The proposed device is made of Duplex steel and leads to high friction capacity, which can be developed either in passive or semi‐active modes. For the later, piezoelectric actuators react against a stiff clamping system and apply a variable normal force on the multiple contact surfaces. To validate the design, a prototype, which contact surfaces were made of stainless steel and brake pad material, was built and tested in both friction modes. Moreover, an analytical model of the damper was developed to estimate the performance of the piezoelectric actuators within the clamping system. Experimental results showed that the proposed device achieves a force range factor of 1.9. These experimental results also compare well with those obtained from the analytical model of the damper. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

AVS/D半主动振动控制结构的抗震设计方法探讨

本文介绍了AVS／D半主动控制系统的工作原理,参照现行抗震设计规范的设计思想,提出了AVS／D半主动控振结构的抗震设计方法,并针对具体结构控制系统的工作性能,探讨了结构设计中关键参数：主体结构的地震力折减系数和薄弱层层间位移相对控制率的确定方法,最后通过实例分析验证了该方法的可行性。     

Seismic response control of a building complex utilizing passive friction damper: experimental investigation

Multi‐storey main buildings constructed with a low‐rise podium structure possess some architectural merits but the setback features of such a building complex may lead to seismic response enlargement of the main buildings. This paper explores the possibility of using passive friction dampers to connect the podium structure to the main buildings to prevent their seismic response enlargement without violating the architectural features. A series of shaking table tests were carried out on one 3‐storey and one 12‐storey building models in fully‐separated, rigidly connected, and friction damper‐linked configurations. Four sets of seismic ground motions were selected as inputs to the shaking table. The control competence of two buildings linked with friction damper was evaluated by comparison of their responses with those from fully‐separated and rigidly connected cases. Experimental results showed that unfavourable seismic response amplification did occur in the building complex in the rigidly connected case. By contrast, friction damper showed effectiveness in reducing absolute acceleration and interstorey drift responses of both buildings if friction force level was appropriately applied. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

设置斜撑粘弹性阻尼器框架结构空间协同工作分析方法的控制研究

粘弹性阻尼器（ved）是抗震被动控制中一种十分有效的耗能减震装置。本文根据粘弹性阻尼材料的应力－应变关系，推导了粘弹性阻尼器和人字型支撑的组合层间单元刚度矩阵及单元控制力向量；并基于框架结构的空间特性，建立了设置斜撑Ved框架结构在考虑空间协同分析的基础上地震反应时程分析的控制方法；最后，应用本文的方法，对设置Ved斜支撑后钢筋混凝土框架结构进行了结构地震反应时程分析，并根据计算结果对其减震效果进行了分析讨论。     

Tuned vibration absorbers with dry friction damping

The response of a linear SDOF system subjected to harmonic excitation to which a Tuned Vibration Absorber with linear stiffness and dry friction damping is attached is considered. Based on an intuitive examination of the physical behaviour of the system, closed-form expressions for TMD optimum parameters and for the steady-state amplitudes of vibration are presented. Two examples allow the comparison between the predicted behaviour and that found by numerically integrating the equations of motion. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

调谐质量摩擦系统参数优化的独立关联算法

利用屋盖作为被动调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）的质量块是解决TMD附加质量问题的一种较好的方案。再利用屋盖与其支承结构之间的干摩擦替代粘滞阻尼，可构成调谐质量摩擦系统，使控制系统更加经济简练。针对干摩擦的特点提出了独立优化刚度，再优化摩擦系数的算法。该算法适应有限元格式和实际工程设计。数值模拟证实了调谐质量摩擦系统的摩擦力对刚度最优值的影响较小，而刚度对摩擦最优值的影响较大、规律较差的事实，论证了在无摩擦得到的优化刚度可以直接用于摩擦力优化中，用此方法设计调谐质量摩擦系统几乎能够达到最优配置。     

Protection of seismic structures using semi‐active friction TMD

Although the design and applications of linear tuned mass damper (TMD) systems are well developed, nonlinear TMD systems are still in the developing stage. Energy dissipation via friction mechanisms is an effective means for mitigating the vibration of seismic structures. A friction‐type TMD, i.e. a nonlinear TMD, has the advantages of energy dissipation via a friction mechanism without requiring additional damping devices. However, a passive‐friction TMD (PF‐TMD) has such disadvantages as a fixed and pre‐determined slip load and may lose its tuning and energy dissipation abilities when it is in the stick state. A novel semi‐active‐friction TMD (SAF‐TMD) is used to overcome these disadvantages. The proposed SAF‐TMD has the following features. (1) The frictional force of the SAF‐TMD can be regulated in accordance with system responses. (2) The frictional force can be amplified via a braking mechanism. (3) A large TMD stroke can be utilized to enhance control performance. A non‐sticking friction control law, which can keep the SAF‐TMD activated throughout an earthquake with an arbitrary intensity, was applied. The performance of the PF‐TMD and SAF‐TMD systems in protecting seismic structures was investigated numerically. The results demonstrate that the SAF‐TMD performs better than the PF‐TMD and can prevent a residual stroke that may occur in a PF‐TMD system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.