MapGIS与Surfer相结合在黑河市化探工作中的应用

在黑龙江省黑河市八车力地区地质地球化学找矿中,地质图、取样点位与原始数据图在MapGIS软件下完成,单元素异常图利用Surfer软件绘制。在此基础上,利用MapGIS软件生成土壤地球化学测量综合异常图。结果表明,2种软件的有机结合,不仅可以发挥各自功能优势,提高数据处理速度,而且能够更真实地反映矿化信息,有利于异常的解析和查证。     

Golden Surfer软件绘制地质图件的技巧

Surfer软件可在Windows操作环境下绘制图形,利用该软件自带的数据编辑、处理的功能及二、三维图形绘制模块,不仅可以绘制等值线图、3D立体图、阴影地貌图、矢量图等,还可以根据地质图件的要求填加指北针、添加图签、隐藏区块、处理断层、计算标高等,另外Surfer软件提供的强大绘图和数据处理功能,可以集成到其它软件开发的应用程序中,提高软件的开发效率。     

MapGIS数据与Surfer数据相互转换的实现

剖析了Surfer的数据文件和MapGIS的数据文件格式,提出了其相互转换的方法,并编制了转换软件.特别是指出MapGIS网格化的ASCⅡ码文件,即DET文件,可以通过简单的编辑形成通用的网格化GRD文件格式,不应当再进行网格化.提出利用Surfer勾绘特定的地球化学元素异常图,转成MapGIS修饰出版的实用制图程序.     

基于MAPGIS的剖面平面图生成系统

近年来,航空物探项目主要是使用Oasis montaj软件完成数据处理工作,最终提交的成果图件采用MapGIS地理信息系统软件绘制。由于两种软件系统采用的数据格式及兼容性不尽相同,因此采用Visual Basic编程语言编制专用程序,实现两种软件系统数据格式的接口,同时解决MapGIS中剖面平面图的绘制问题。这一问题的解决既发挥了Oasis montaj软件强大的数据处理功能,又充分利用MapGIS软件成熟的绘图功能,同时在项目实施过程中大大提高了数据处理和成果图件绘制的效率,取得了较好的应用效果。     

VB和Surfer Automation技术在地球化学勘查中的应用

Surfer软件具有强大的绘图功能,其自带的Scripter语言又提供了有效编程工具。通过对Surfer Automation技术的分析,以及对VB与Automation语言之间兼容性的研究,利用Visual Basic编程进行化探数据处理,求取化探异常,并结合Surfer Automation技术进行化探异常图的批量自动化绘制。尤其在对数据量较大时,利用该技术进行处理,能提高工作效率。     

种地面三维模型的快速自动生成方法

以陕北某矿一盘区地形图为例,利用MapGIS软件和Surfer软件,通过提取地形图上高程控制点的图元,在MapGIS软件下将这些图元转换成地面高程控制点的X、Y坐标及地面高程Z数据,在Surfer软件下生成地面三维模型。该方法不用对地形等高线矢量化和赋高程属性,可快速生成地面三维模型,满足矿区实际生产需要。      

一种地面三维模型的快速自动生成方法

以陕北某矿一盘区地形图为例,利用MapGIS软件和Surfer软件,通过提取地形图上高程控制点的图元,在MapGIS软件下将这些图元转换成地面高程控制点的X、Y坐标及地面高程Z数据,在Surfer软件下生成地面三维模型。该方法不用对地形等高线矢量化和赋高程属性,可快速生成地面三维模型,满足矿区实际生产需要。     

Surfer转MapGIS格式图件技术探讨

物探资料成图时,使用Surfer软件能对各种数据进行处理,且绘制出的图形更加美观更易于调整,利用Surfer软件作图并转换成MapGIS格式图件,既满足了提交资料的要求,也更符合物探工作者的使用。但在Surfer图件转换为MapGIS图件时,其等值线标注会有偏移,使图件不标准也不美观,本文重点探讨了标注偏移问题的解决办法。     

Surfer与MapGIS图件相互转换的几个问题

随着计算机技术在地质与地球物理工作中的广泛应用,计算机绘图也显得越发重要。为了提高制图质量和效率,在实际工作中经常需要结合使用几种软件。笔者从地质绘图的角度出发,阐述了Surfer与MapGIS的一些基本特点及其在地质领域中的应用,由此引出Surfer与MapGIS转换的必要,详述了Surfer中srf图形与MapGIS格式图件之间相互转换的基本方法及步骤,着重讨论了在转换过程中需要注意的问题,并提出了相应的解决方法。     

铀矿勘查中地表探矿工程成果信息化研究与实践——放射性测量数据自动化成图

铀矿勘查中,实施地表探矿工程来揭示区内地质及矿化现象是一个行之有效且常用的方法,其矿化成果信息主要由放射性测量成果图件展现,目前主要靠手工素描完成,但存在费时且图件不美观等问题。因此,笔者提出了自动化成图的构想,开发了一款辅助软件来对放射性测量数据进行数据处理,将多参数坐标转换为标准坐标格式,支持Surfer软件数据网格化处理和Mapgis软件输出成果图件,实现自动化成图。经大量地表工程验证,证实辅助软件输出数据准确、可靠,通过Surfer、Mapgis软件实现了放射性测量数据自动化成图。此方法可取代传统手工素描绘图和Mapgis软件矢量化成图等耗时的步骤,将为放射性编录工作带来极大便利,进一步提升成果图件的标准化,提高物探编录的工作效率。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861