基于MEMS台站的温州珊溪水库区域高密度烈度台网

以高性能机械式力平衡加速度计为主,24位数据采集、动态范围大于或等于90 dB的工业级MEMS烈度观测系统为辅,温州珊溪水库区域高密度烈度台网的建设完成使区域内强震动观测系统实现高密度、数字化、网络化覆盖,提高了该地区的地震烈度速报能力和地震观测动态范围。该台网充分利用MEMS烈度计成本低、易扩充、好管理、组网灵活方便的特点,其在浙江省地震监测中的首次成功应用将推动地震观测技术的发展。     

水库地震震源深度校核方法研究与应用

采用人工方法对溪洛渡库首区流动台和距离地震震中最近的4~5个台站的原始数据进行重新分析,将获得的地震震源深度与台网目录的震源深度进行对比分析,发现二者存在明显偏差。流动台和距离震中最近的台站确定的震源深度能更合理地解释地震的成因及水库诱发地震的机理,可为其他水电工程研究水库诱发地震成因时运用地震观测数据确定较为可信的地震震源深度方法提供参考。     

伊朗地震台网现状分析

通过中伊双方合作交流，详细考察了伊朗的地震台网。伊朗现建有4类台网:地震遥测台网、国家地震台网、强震台网及水库诱发地震台网。这些台网中高性能宽频带地震仪数量不足，使得地震定位精度不高;且4类台网分属不同机构，在一定程度上限制了伊朗的地震监测能力。     

“翻台法”提高地震定位精度的数学原理

对于震中偏离台网情况下的地震定位，常规方法定位效果较差。“翻台法”有效地提高了其定位精度。从均匀地壳模型的走时方程组出发，分析了“翻台法”定位中方程组系数的变化特点，推导了选取最佳翻转台站的方法，并得出如下结论：（１）“翻台法”增加了原定位方程组的约束方程，翻台数与已知条件和所求参数个数有关，从理论上讲，翻转台数超过独立的约束方程数时对增加定位精度不再有意义；（２）考虑到具体的台网布局和台站资料质量，翻转不同台站对提高地震定位精度所起的作用大小各不相同，因而存在选取最佳翻转台站问题。     

河南省北部地区的地震波走时特性研究

以河南省北部地区地震波走时特征为研究对象,选取河南台网及邻省部分台站的地震观测资料,运用线性拟合的方法计算得出地壳速度模型。检验结果表明,利用该速度模型计算发震时刻、制作理论走时曲线的精度,比河南省台网使用的华南走时表速度模型有明显提高。     

慢地震研究综述

综述了慢地震的定义,慢地震观测、识别和定位,以及慢地震的机制和传播等问题.     

形变台网数据中心数据库系统

介绍了形变台网数据中心数据库的系统功能，形变台站基础资料和基本信息库、观测值数据库、震例图形库等子库系统的结构设计以及目前的运行情况。     

天津市地震前兆台网的运行监控与维护管理

介绍天津市地震前兆台网的基本概况以及前兆台网部的职责任务;阐述仪器设备运行监控、观测数据质量监控的方式与方法;总结在仪器设备、技术系统维护过程中解决的一些关键技术问题;最后提出了关于仪器和软件系统的一些问题与建议。     

地震前兆台网数据跟踪分析平台设计

对地震前兆台网数据跟踪分析平台的构架设计、事件数据库设计和一些关键技术设计与实现进行分析和阐述。该平台现已在全国地震前兆台网大范围部署,具有使用方便、功能齐全、扩展性好的优点,每日产出大量的事件分析记录和专题报告,可供地震分析预报会商与台网运维管理使用。     

JCZ─1超宽频带地震计

ＪＣＺ─１超宽频带地震计是为中国甚宽频带数字地震观测试验系统研制的新型仪器，由一个垂直向和两个水平向地震计组成，频带为ＤＣ─２０Ｈｚ。每个地震计分别有两个通道输出：２０Ｈｚ─３６０秒的速度平坦输出和３６０秒─ＤＣ的加速度平坦输出，复盖了从短周期地震波至固体潮汐的宽广频带。仪器具有高灵敏度、低噪声特点，动态范围大于１４０ｄＢ。地震计采用力平衡式的负反馈系统，传递函数稳定，具有密封、磁屏蔽和高精度恒温功能的环境保护装置，有效地抑制了大气压力、外部磁场及温度变化对仪器的影响，使地震计在超低频端也能稳定工作。     

三峡库区堆积层滑坡间歇性活动预测:以白水河滑坡为例

三峡库区堆积层滑坡在季节性降雨和库水位周期波动的影响下呈现间歇性活动特征,滑坡活动强度与诱发因素作用强度和时间关系密切。以三峡库区白水河滑坡为例,分析了堆积层滑坡间歇性活动特征和诱发因素,发现降雨和库水位下降是滑坡变形的主要诱发因素。根据滑坡时序曲线特征,将滑坡累积位移分解为趋势项位移和周期项位移,采用多项式拟合的方法来预测趋势项位移,利用长短期记忆神经网络模型来预测周期项位移,并与极限学习机模型、广义回归神经网络模型的预测结果进行了对比分析,发现长短期记忆神经网络模型预测滑坡间歇性活动精度更高。     

向家坝水电站蓄水前后库区地震活动特征

对比向家坝库区蓄水前后地震活动特点,结合库尾段地震时序与库水位的变化关系及震中区地层岩性、构造特征等,认为发生在库尾段的地震属于构造型水库诱发地震。地震震中呈北西向密集条带状分布,虽然地表没有明显的控震构造,但不排除在2 km之下存在隐伏断层的可能。该区段位于马边-盐津断裂带的中段,水库蓄水前地震活动十分微弱,蓄水后发生不同于以往的地震活动。     

丹江口水库二期蓄水初期地震活动特征

丹江口水库二期蓄水后,根据2013～2015年地震台网监测成果分析,库区地震主要以微震、极微震为主,震中位置每年均呈团状或带状聚集在5个密集区,没有随库水位变化发生明显迁移现象。丹库区地震强度和频度高于汉库区,丹库区以水库地震居多,汉库区以水库地震及其他类型非构造地震居多。     

储层油气产能的预测模型和方法

从达西渗流产量公式出发,通过以相对渗透率与含水饱和度的函数关系为纽带,导出油气储层产能与储层有效孔隙度、渗透率以及电阻率之间的理论模型.在此基础上,结合测井学的基本理论,探讨了利用测井资料进行储层产能预测的基本思想,采用人工神经网络技术建立了储层产能预测系统,该方法用于新疆克拉玛依油田八区克上组储层的油气产能预测,效果良好.     

Estimation of reservoir porosity using probabilistic neural network and seismic attributes

Porosity is one of the most important properties of oil and gas reservoirs. The porosity data that come from well log are only available at well points. It is necessary to use other method to estimate reservoir porosity.Seismic data contain abundant lithological information. Because there are inherent correlations between reservoir property and seismic data,it is possible to estimate reservoir porosity by using seismic data and attributes.Probabilistic neural network is a powerful tool to extract mathematical relation between two data sets. It has been used to extract the mathematical relation between porosity and seismic attributes. Firstly,a seismic impedance volume is calculated by seismic inversion. Secondly,several appropriate seismic attributes are extracted by using multi-regression analysis. Then a probabilistic neural network model is trained to obtain a mathematical relation between porosity and seismic attributes. Finally,this trained probabilistic neural network model is implemented to calculate a porosity data volume. This methodology could be utilized to find advantageous areas at the early stage of exploration. It is also helpful for the establishment of a reservoir model at the stage of reservoir development.     

长江三峡库区地震地形变监测研究

三峡地壳形变监测网络结合空间大地测量(GPS、InSAR)和传统大地测量的优点，在1998年以来的三峡工程建设期间和2003年水库首次蓄水中获取了大量监测成果。结果显示库区地壳运动的基本图像：垂直形变较为显著，主要来自因蓄水荷载而产生的形变，水平形变不明显．库区主要断层的活动性在蓄水期间有明显加强迹象。水准测量反映从1998年首期观测至2003年10月首次蓄水后的库区垂直位移．沉降范围较大；GPS给出了2003年蓄水前后库区的垂直位移，形变的范围主要集中在水库近岸区域。水准测量与GPS观测反应的垂直位移的量级基本一致，沉降的最大幅度在3～4cm左右。水准监测、GPS观测与重力监测结果有一定的对应性。从地壳形变监测与研究结果分析，近期负荷改变而诱发中强地震的可能性不大。     

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Study on water saturation computation models in complex pore volcanic reservoir

Determination of water saturation is important for reservoir evaluation.When complex pore structures such as fracture and cavity are present in reservoir,Archie equation is no longer suitable.According to different models of pore structure division,the authors studied water saturation computation models.The results show that dual porosity system is divided into four models.The first model is based on dual laterolog,the second is Dual Porosity Ⅰ,the third is Dual Porosity Ⅱ,and the last one is based on the conductive pore.Besides,the triple porosity system is triple porosity model.Compute water saturation was using all the above five models in volcanic reservoir in Songnan gas field.The triple porosity system is the most suitable model for water saturation computation in complex pore structure volcanic reservoir.     

Identifying and Evaluating of Oil Reservoir

The identification and evaluation of oil reservoir with logging data are one of most important ways in geologic logging services. For the last decades, with the further development of the oil & gas exploration, great advances have been achieved in techniques on the acquisition, processing and interpretative evaluation of logging data. How to identify fluid characteristics and evaluate the productivity in light oil reservoir (the crude density being between 0.74g/cm3 and 0.82g/cm3)has become one of the difficulties.With the establishment of the regional interpretation criterion of the study blocks, the optimized logging parameters that reflect the reservoir characteristics have been used to establish the chart for the interpretation of oil-water reservoir combining with well logging parameters. Then, to begin with geologic reserves of crude in single well, we establish evaluation criterion for productivity in oil reservoir with determining lower limit value of the reservoir and applying the relationship between chart parameters. The techniques are verified in production and get better effect.On the basis of the reservoir characteristics analysis of both basin A and B, We established the evaluation method of static productivity on light oil reservoir with getting quantitative evaluation parameters after quantitatively evaluating the date of core, pyrolysis chromatogram and gas chromatogram. It provides new technique 7 for new well interpretation and old well review, as well as evidence for project.design of well testing.     

Application of numerical model in evaluating the effects of a planned reservoir on reach-scale bankfull discharge of the lower Wei River

Predicting the responses of an alluvial channel to changes in flow and sediment supply is essential for engineering design. Many methods have been developed in the last few decades to describe sectional bankfull characteristics (elevation and discharge); however, studies on long-term reach-scale bankfull discharge are still limited. In this study, a hydraulic model is built to calculate the reach-scale bankfull discharge, and the effects of reservoir building on downstream bankfull discharges are discussed. The studied river reach is located at the lower Wei River (WR), where the planned Dongzhuang Reservoir would be built on its largest tributary, the Jing River. A quasi-two-dimensional numerical model coupled with a bankfull discharge estimating method is put forward to calculate the reach-scale bankfull discharge. The soundness of the model is verified. Results show that the temporal variation of reach-scale bankfull discharge of the lower reach of the WR would be highly influenced by the planned reservoir, especially during the first 20 years of operation. The effect of the planned reservoir on bankfull discharge may reach its maximum when the total trapped sediment load reaches approximately 75% of the reservoir capacity. Our results show that after the first 17 years of operation, the effect of the planned reservoir on bankfull discharge of the river reach may decrease gradually. The soundness and predictive capability of the coupled model have also been calibrated by comparing with existing reservoirs. All analyses indicate that the numerical model can be used to predict the changed reach-scale bankfull discharge of the lower WR.