胶北蓬莱群的变形与变质及其区域大地构造意义

本文通过构造与变质研究及伊利石结晶度和同位素年龄测定。分析胶北蓬莱群的变形,变质及其区域大地构造意义。作为胶北唯一盖层的蓬莱群,在晚石炭世(299±4Ma)北北东—南南西区域挤压下首次遭受了强烈的蓬莱事件变形及低绿片岩相变质。其后的后蓬莱事件在胶北地区仅造成了局部的北北东—南南西向变形构造。作为华北板块南缘的胶北带,其上的蓬莱事件是华北与扬子板块沿胶南带碰撞的结果。这表明郯庐断裂带以东这两扳块碰撞发生在晚石炭世。在秦岭—大别山碰撞带以北的华北扳块南缘,由于碰撞也出现了类似胶北带的挤压变形。     

SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating of the Neoproterozoic Penglai Group and Archean gneisses from the Jiaobei Terrane, North China, and their tectonic implications

Archean basement gneisses and supracrustal rocks, together with Neoproterozoic (Sinian) metasedimentary rocks (the Penglai Group) occur in the Jiaobei Terrane at the southeastern margin of the North China Craton. SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating of an Archean TTG gneiss gave an age of 2541 ± 5 Ma, whereas metasedimentary rocks from the Neoproterozoic Penglai Group yielded a range in zircon ages from 2.9 to 1.8 Ga. The zircons can be broadly divided into three age populations, at: 2.0–1.8 Ga, 2.45–2.1 Ga and >2.5 Ga. Detrital zircon grains with ages >2.6 Ga are few in number and there are none with ages <1.8 Ga. These results indicate that most of the detrital material comes from a Paleoproterozoic source, most likely from the Jianshan and Fenzishan groups, with some material coming from Archean gneisses in the Jiaobei Terrane. An age of 1866 ± 4 Ma for amphibolite-facies hornblende–plagioclase gneiss, forming part of a supracrustal sequence within the Archean TTG gneiss, indicates Late Paleoproterozoic metamorphism. Both the Archean gneiss complex and Penglai metasedimentary rocks resemble previously described components of the Jiao-Liao-Ji orogenic belt and suggest that the Jiaobei Terrane has a North China Craton affinity; they also suggest that the time of collision along the Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt was at 1865 Ma.     

华北克拉通胶北地体蓬莱群辅子夼组碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

蓬莱群是胶北地区最主要的晚前寒武纪沉积盖层,对研究华北克拉通东南缘晚前寒武纪演化有重要意义.为确认蓬莱群沉积时代与物源特征,本次研究选取栖霞地区蓬莱群辅子夼组中上部的长石石英岩为研究对象,对锆石CL图像、U-Pb年龄以及稀土元素组成开展研究,发现碎屑锆石主要为岩浆锆石,年龄峰值主要集中在1 100、1 200 Ma以及1 600 Ma,缺乏年龄大于1.8 Ga的锆石;其中,最年轻碎屑锆石年龄为1 094±39 Ma,结合前人资料,蓬莱群辅子夼组沉积时代被限定在新元古代初期;不同地区的蓬莱群在辅子夼组中部以上物源区是统一的,在辅子夼组下部沉积时期物源发生变化.在区域上,蓬莱群物源特点与朝鲜祥原超群、以及我国辽东细河群、鲁南土门群、徐淮地区淮南群、豫西地区栾川群等华北东缘、南缘新元古代沉积盆地物源相似,物源主要来自华北克拉通以外的古陆.结合古地磁、中—新元古代岩墙分布等资料,推测发育格林威尔期造山带的克拉通如Laurentia-Siberia-Baltica或Sao Fransico-Congo克拉通与华北克拉通南缘拼合,提供物源.      

Sedimentary response to the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the southern North China Craton during the late Paleozoic and Mesozoic

With the aim of constraining the influence of the surrounding plates on the Late Paleozoic–Mesozoic paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the southern North China Craton (NCC), we undertook new U–Pb and Hf isotope data for detrital zircons obtained from ten samples of upper Paleozoic to Mesozoic sediments in the Luoyang Basin and Dengfeng area. Samples of upper Paleozoic to Mesozoic strata were obtained from the Taiyuan, Xiashihezi, Shangshihezi, Shiqianfeng, Ermaying, Shangyoufangzhuang, Upper Jurassic unnamed, and Lower Cretaceous unnamed formations (from oldest to youngest). On the basis of the youngest zircon ages, combined with the age-diagnostic fossils, and volcanic interlayer, we propose that the Taiyuan Formation (youngest zircon age of 439 Ma) formed during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian, the Xiashihezi Formation (276 Ma) during the Early Permian, the Shangshihezi (376 Ma) and Shiqianfeng (279 Ma) formations during the Middle–Late Permian, the Ermaying Group (232 Ma) and Shangyoufangzhuang Formation (230 and 210 Ma) during the Late Triassic, the Jurassic unnamed formation (154 Ma) during the Late Jurassic, and the Cretaceous unnamed formation (158 Ma) during the Early Cretaceous. These results, together with previously published data, indicate that: (1) Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian sandstones were sourced from the Northern Qinling Orogen (NQO); (2) Lower Permian sandstones were formed mainly from material derived from the Yinshan–Yanshan Orogenic Belt (YYOB) on the northern margin of the NCC with only minor material from the NQO; (3) Middle–Upper Permian sandstones were derived primarily from the NQO, with only a small contribution from the YYOB; (4) Upper Triassic sandstones were sourced mainly from the YYOB and contain only minor amounts of material from the NQO; (5) Upper Jurassic sandstones were derived from material sourced from the NQO; and (6) Lower Cretaceous conglomerate was formed mainly from recycled earlier detritus.The provenance shift in the Upper Carboniferous–Mesozoic sediments within the study area indicates that the YYOB was strongly uplifted twice, first in relation to subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean Plate beneath the northern margin of the NCC during the Early Permian, and subsequently in relation to collision between the southern Mongolian Plate and the northern margin of the NCC during the Late Triassic. The three episodes of tectonic uplift of the NQO were probably related to collision between the North and South Qinling terranes, northward subduction of the Mianlue Ocean Plate, and collision between the Yangtze Craton and the southern margin of the NCC during the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian, Middle–Late Permian, and Late Jurassic, respectively. The southern margin of the central NCC was rapidly uplifted and eroded during the Early Cretaceous.     

Geotectonic Subdivision and Paleozoic Subduction and Collision Orogeny of East Qinling and Its Adjacent Regions:Evidence from Geochemical Research

The regional lithospheric chemical heterogeneity in-ers that the East Qinling and its adjacent cratonic re-ions,as suggested by some authors,belong to twoeotectonic units,the North China subdomain includinghe North China Craton and its southern continentalhargin(the North Qinling Belt),and the Yangtzeanubdomain comprising the Yangtze Craton and itsorthern continental margin(the South Qinling Belt).In the North Qinling Belt the metamorphosedolcanic rocks and graywackes of the Early Paleozoicanfeng Group south of the Early Proterozoic QinlingGroup show geochemical characteristics resemblinghose of the are volcanies and are graywackes,espectively.The Early Paleozoic granites intruding in hehe Qinling Group also show similar geochemical fea-tures and similar compositional polarities to theare-type granites.The Erlangping Group north ofthe Qinling Group is a volcanic-sedimentary sequenceproduced in an Early Paleozoic back-are basin basedon geochemical evidence.It is therefore believed thatthe North Qinling B     

郯庐断裂带南段张八岭群变质岩的原岩时代及其构造意义

大别造山带东缘郯庐断裂带上分布着绿片岩相变质的张八岭群。对于它们的原岩时代长期没有同位素年代学数据,而其变形与变质原因也一直没有明确的认识。本次工作中选择了该带上8处张八岭群变火山岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年。结果表明,它们的原岩时代为748~750 Ma,属于新元古代中期的南华纪,为扬子板块下部盖层而非前人认为的变质基底。结合张八岭群的变形与变质特征及前人白云母40Ar/39Ar定年结果,并与大别造山带进行对比,本文认为大别造山带东南缘张八岭群的变形与变质是造山带内俯冲与折返的结果,而其东缘郯庐断裂带内张八岭群的变形与变质是碰撞造山期该断裂带左行走滑活动所致。这些认识再次为郯庐断裂带起源于华北与扬子板块的碰撞过程中提供了重要的证据,也支持其造山期起源于陆内转换断层或斜向汇聚边界。     

大别造山带北缘石炭系胡油坊组砾石特征及其构造意义

大别造山带北缘晚石炭世胡油坊组内含有一套岩块砾岩层 ,砾石主要由绿片岩相的石英片岩、绢云母石英片岩、石英岩和千枚岩组成 ,其次有变余砂岩和碳酸盐岩等。Rb- Sr同位素测定表明 ,绿片岩相砾石经历了晚元古代末期和晚古生代两期变质事件 ,全岩等时线年龄为 5 6 5± 30 Ma和 30 7Ma。变质岩砾石不是来源于佛子岭群或信阳群 ,而可能来自于扬子陆块的中、晚元古代地层。砾石以及古生物的证据还表明 ,大别山在古生代时存在一个主要由扬子陆块早古生代碳酸盐岩和中、晚元古代变质岩组成的构造剥露区 ,不存在一个大别山古岛弧。     

塔里木南缘浅变质岩系形成时代及构造背景

塔里木盆地南缘和田地区，沿西昆仑北缘的铁克力克断裂北侧断续出露一套低绿片岩相变质地层，由于长期以来对其原岩时代、变质时代及成因等存在不同认识，人们常称其为浅变质岩系。岩石经历了多期变质变形作用，片理十分发育，但总体变质程度明显低于铁克力克断裂南侧下元古界埃连卡特群变质岩。浅变质岩之上被上泥盆统奇自拉夫组或上石炭统卡拉乌依组角度不整合覆盖。在基本地质现象观察以及详细的岩石学研究基础上，通过K－Ar和Rb-Sr法同位素年龄测定和对已有年龄数据的具体对比分析，认为本区浅变质岩的原岩年龄在517－448Ma之间，属晚寒武－中奥陶世地层，形成于塔里木古大陆南缘弧后盆地的滨－浅海环境；志留纪－中泥盆世期间，发生在塔里木大陆板块南缘的弧－陆碰撞（440－377Ma)事件不仅使寒武－奥陶系普遍遭受区域低温动力变质作用（早期主要变质作用），还导致了寒武－奥陶系及下伏地层由南而北的逆冲推覆以及韧性剪切变形（晚期韧性动力变质作用）。上尼盆统奇自拉夫组粗碎屑磨拉石建造是陆壳焊接阶段的典型产物，在此之前，本区浅变质岩系已经定型。     

丹凤地区秦岭岩群片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄:北秦岭地体中-新元古代岩浆作用和早古生代变质作用的记录

秦岭岩群被认为是出露于北秦岭地体内最古老的前寒武纪基底岩石,记录了北秦岭造山带的地壳形成和演化历史。本文报道丹凤-西峡地区五件秦岭岩群片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄结果,限定其形成和变质时代,探讨北秦岭地体的构造归属。定年结果表明,岩浆成因锆石颗粒的年龄集中在1400～1600Ma左右和850～950Ma左右,记录两期主要岩浆活动。6粒锆石具有变质成因特征,低Th/U比值(0.03),206Pb/238U年龄变化在510～465Ma之间,加权平均值477±18Ma。这一古生代变质叠加时代与北秦岭地体南北缘高压变质作用时代基本一致,说明秦岭岩群遭受到北秦岭造山带俯冲-碰撞造山过程的变质作用。秦岭岩群主要形成于中元古代晚期至新元古代早期,基底岩石缺乏早元古代和太古代岩浆活动的记录。在岩浆作用时代上,北秦岭地体与广泛发育新元古代中-晚期岩浆作用的扬子陆块北缘有差别,也不同于晚太古代-早元古代的华北陆块南缘,可能是中-新元古代形成的独立微陆块。     

河西走廊东部香山群时代和物源讨论

香山群是一套经历轻微区域变质作用的陆源碎屑岩,夹有少量碳酸盐岩和硅质岩,主要位于河西走廊东部香山地区。迄今为止,前人已经做过大量工作,但是对香山群与该区奥陶纪米钵山组的关系、香山群的时代以及香山群的物源等问题还存在较大争议。笔者对香山群的碎屑锆石做了定年(LA-ICP-MS)工作,通过香山群与米钵山组锆石年龄的对比,发现米钵山组最年轻锆石(451±8)Ma比香山群最年轻锆石(525±3)Ma年轻,且香山群不含米钵山组其他年轻锆石成分,香山群时代应该晚于(525±3)Ma,而早于中奥陶世米钵山组,应属中—晚寒武世。香山群碎屑锆石年龄谱与华夏地块、阿拉善基底、华北西部和北祁连岩浆变质事件年龄差异显著,华夏地块、阿拉善基底、华北西部和北祁连不是香山群物源,而与澳大利亚西南部地区相似,同时根据香山群古水流分析结果,推测澳大利亚西南部可能是香山群的沉积物源。     

信阳周庄变辉长岩LA-ICPMS U-Pb定年与华北南缘复杂演化过程

河南信阳周庄变基性侵入岩体出露于华北克拉通南缘,主要由斜长石+角闪石(+绿帘石)组成,可见残余辉长结构,属经历了绿帘角闪岩相-低角闪岩相变质的变辉长岩.对变辉长岩的两个样品中的锆石进行了LA-ICPMS U-Pb同位素测年分析.这两个样品都给出了859Ma的谐和上交点年龄,但分别给出了356±82Ma和234±36Ma的谐和下交点年龄.其中一个样品还给出了另外两组谐和的年龄,它们的~(206)Pb/~(238)U表面年龄分别是616±10Ma和442±6.5Ma.我们解释共同的谐和上交点年龄(859Ma)代表着岩体的侵位时代,是Rodinia超大陆裂解事件在华北克拉通南缘的早期记录(如基性岩浆侵入作用);其他四组年龄是岩体后期所经历改造事件的年龄记录,包括新元古代晚期的再次裂解(如变质重结晶作用)和古生代、早中生代时期扬子克拉通向北的俯冲-碰撞对华北南缘的强烈改造过程.     

Multistage Deformation in the Northeastern Segment of the Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt: Constraints for the Relationship between the Yangtze Plate and the Cathaysia Old Land

Multistage deformation events have occurred in the northeastern Jiangshao Fault (Suture) Belt. The earliest two are ductile deformation events. The first is the ca. 820 Ma top-to-the-northwest ductile thrusting, which directly resulted from the collision between the Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc (?) during the Late Neoproterozoic, and the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt that formed as the ocean closed between the Yangtze Plate and the jointed Cathaysia Old Land and the Chencai Arc due to continuous compression. The second is the ductile left-lateral strike-slipping that occurred in the latest Early Paleozoic. Since the Jinning period, all deformation events represent the reactivation or inversion of intraplate structures due to the collisions between the North China and Yangtze plates during the Triassic and between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates during the Cenozoic. In the Triassic, brittle right-lateral strike-slipping and subsequent top-to-the south thrusting occurred along the whole northeastern Jiangshao Fault Zone because of the collision between the North China and Yangtze plates. In the Late Mesozoic, regional extension took place across southeastern China. In the Cenozoic, the collision between the Philippine Sea and Eurasian plates resulted in brittle thrusts along the whole Jiangnan Old land in the Miocene. The Jiangshao Fault Belt is a weak zone in the crust with long history, and its reactivation is one of important characteristics of the deformation in South China; however, late-stage deformation events did not occur beyond the Jiangnan Old Land and most of them are parallel to the strike of the Old Land, which is similar to the Cenozoic deformation in Central Asia. In addition, the Jiangnan old Land is not a collisional boundary between the Yangtze Plate and Cathaysia Old Land in the Triassic.     

大别造山带变质岩地层年龄及其构造意义

选择近期在大别山及苏鲁地区各类变质岩地层中采用不同测试方法所获得的较为精确的同位素年龄数据共４５个进行分析,得到以下几点主要认识：１）扬子板块被动陆缘形成于８００～７００ＭａＢ．Ｐ．之间;２）根据原岩及折返动力学机制分析,南大别与苏鲁超高压、高压变质岩石是扬子板块被动陆缘（大陆隆）物质残余,在２３２～２２１ＭａＢ．Ｐ．伴随扬子板块被动陆缘俯冲到华北板块之下最大限度时在１００ｋｍ上地幔软流圈深度发生超高压变质作用,同时在较浅的构造层次上发生高压及角闪岩相变质作用。这些超高压、高压变质岩石在２２０ＭａＢ．Ｐ．开始折返,然后于２０６～１７８ＭａＢ．Ｐ．快速完成角闪岩相退变质作用;３）北大别高温变质岛弧在１３３～１２２ＭａＢ．Ｐ．伴随白垩纪花岗岩侵入体活动快速抬升,平均冷却速率达３５°Ｃ·Ｍａ－１;４）北大别高温变质岛弧与南大别超高压变质陆隆在１２０～１１０ＭａＢ．Ｐ．停止相对运动,归并为一体。     

胶北地体地壳演化：玲珑黑云母花岗岩继承锆石U-Pb年龄、微量元素和Hf同位素证据

胶北地体晚侏罗世下地壳重熔的玲珑黑云母花岗岩大面积出露,其中残留有大量继承锆石,记录了多期热事件,为复杂的地壳演化过程提供了重要线索。论文通过分析玲珑黑云母花岗岩中继承锆石的U-Pb年龄、微量元素和Hf同位素组成,探讨了胶北地体的地壳演化历史。结果显示胶北地体前寒武纪经历了~2.9Ga和~2.7Ga两期主要的地壳生长事件,~2.5Ga和2.2~1.8Ga两期地壳重熔改造事件,~2.5Ga和1.95~1.8Ga两期变质事件。~2.9Ga的岩浆作用形成于岛弧环境,~2.7Ga岩浆活动与下地壳基性物质的部分熔融有关,~2.5Ga发生的岩浆和变质事件与地幔柱底侵作用有关,并有同时期的表壳岩组合-胶东岩群形成。~2.1Ga地壳处于拉张状态,伴有与裂谷活动有关的双峰式岩浆作用,荆山群和粉子山群开始沉积,而后1.95~1.8Ga发生碰撞造山运动,胶北所有早前寒武纪岩石单元卷入此次事件,并发生变质作用。自此之后,直至二叠纪末,胶北处于岩浆活动的沉寂期,但于~1.7Ga和~1.0Ga发生沉积作用,形成芝罘群和蓬莱群。二叠纪末扬子板块向北俯冲于华北克拉通之下,并于三叠纪与华北克拉通发生陆陆碰撞作用,致使扬子板块北缘新元古代花岗岩发生超高压变质,形成苏鲁超高压变质带,之后超高压变质岩发生折返。玲珑黑云母花岗岩复杂的继承锆石组成可能表征了前寒武纪岩石卷入陆-陆碰撞事件而发生再循环作用。     

U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotopes of detrital zircons from the southern Qinling Orogen: Implications for Precambrian to Phanerozoic tectonics in central China

The Qinling Orogen, central China, was constructed during the Mesozoic collision between the North China and Yangtze continental plates. The orogen includes four tectonic units, from north to south, the Huaxiong Block (reactivated southern margin of the North China Craton), North Qinling Accretion Belt, South Qinling Fold Belt (or block) and Songpan Fold Belt, evolved from the northernmost Paleo-Tethys Ocean separating the Gondwana and Laurentia supercontinents. Here we employ detrital zircons from the Early Cretaceous alluvial sediments within the Qinling Orogen to trace the tectonic evolution of the orogen. The U–Pb ages of the detrital zircon grains from the Early Cretaceous Donghe Group sediments in the South Qinling Fold Belt cluster around 2600–2300 Ma, 2050–1800 Ma, 1200–700 Ma, 650–400 Ma and 350–200 Ma, corresponding to the global Kenorland, Columbia, Rodinia, Gondwana and Pangaea supercontinent events, respectively. The distributions of ages and εHf(t) values of zircon grains show that the Donghe Group sediments have a complex source comprising components mainly recycled from the North Qinling Accretion Belt and the North China Craton, suggesting that the South Qinling Fold Belt was a part of the united Qinling–North China continental plate, rather than an isolated microcontinent, during the Devonian–Triassic. The youngest age peak of 350–200 Ma reflects the magmatic event related to subduction and termination of the Mian-Lue oceanic plate, followed by the collision between the Yangtze Craton and the united Qinling–North China continent that came into existence at the Triassic–Jurassic transition. The interval of 208–145 Ma between the sedimentation of the Early Cretaceous Donghe Group and the youngest age of detrital zircons was coeval with the post-subduction collision between the Yangtze and the North China continental plates in Jurassic.     

华北板块北缘呼兰群~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar定年及其构造意义

呼兰群发育于华北板块北缘,主要为一系列长英质火山岩和沉积岩组成的受到低绿片岩相-角闪岩相变质作用和多期变形作用改造的变质岩系,分布于吉林中部红旗岭-呼兰镇一带。大部分地区的呼兰群地层层序被严重破坏,野外观察的"层理"实际上是构造置换作用形成的构造面理,绝大多数的岩性界面为构造接触。呼兰群由一系列相互叠置的构造岩片构成,具有构造混杂岩性质。呼兰群经历了两期韧性变形作用:早期受到NNE-SSW向挤压作用,呼兰群表现为由NNE向SSW逆冲的运动学特征;晚期可能受到NE-SW向伸展作用,主要表现为由SW向NE倾向滑移的运动学特征。本次分别对采自红旗岭地区强变形带的白云石英片岩、石榴白云片岩中的白云母进行40Ar-39Ar测年,分别获得220.23±2.15Ma、221.31±2.6Ma的坪年龄,认为~220Ma年龄应代表华北板块北缘碰撞造山带造山后伸展作用发生的时间。     

A new concept on tectonic correlation between Korea, China and Japan: Histories from the late Proterozoic to Cretaceous

The Dabie–Sulu collision belt in China extends to the Hongseong–Odesan belt in Korea while the Okcheon metamorphic belt in Korea is considered as an extension of the Nanhua rift within the South China block. The Hongseong–Odesan belt divides Korea's Gyeonggi massif into northern and southern portions. The southern Gyeonggi massif and the Yeongnam massif are correlated with China's Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, respectively, while the northern Gyeonggi massif is part of the southern margin of the North China block. The southern and northern Gyeonggi massifs rifted from the Rodinia supercontinent during the Neoproterozoic, to form the borders of the South China and North China blocks, respectively. Subduction commenced along the southern and eastern borders of the North China block in the Ordovician and continued until a Triassic collision between the North China and South China blocks. While subduction was occurring on the margin of the North China block, high-P/T metamorphic belts and accretionary complexes developed along the inner zone of southwest Japan from the Ordovician to the Permian. During the subduction, the Hida belt in Japan grew as a continental margin or continental arc. Collision between the North and South China blocks began in Korea during the Permian (290–260 Ma), and propagated westwards until the Late Triassic (230–210 Ma) creating the sinistral TanLu fault in China and the dextral fault in the Hida and Hida marginal belt in Japan. Phanerozoic subduction and collision along the southern and western borders of the North China block led to formation of the Qinling–Dabie–Sulu–Hongseong–Hida–Yanji belt.     

Carboniferous and Triassic eclogites in the western Dabie Mountains,east‐central China: evidence for protracted convergence of the North and South China Blocks

SHRIMP U–Pb dating and laser ablation ICP‐MS trace element analyses of zircon from four eclogite samples from the north‐western Dabie Mountains, central China, provide evidence for two eclogite facies metamorphic events. Three samples from the Huwan shear zone yield indistinguishable late Carboniferous metamorphic ages of 312 ± 5, 307 ± 4 and 311 ± 17 Ma, with a mean age of 309 ± 3 Ma. One sample from the Hong'an Group, 1 km south of the shear zone yields a late Triassic age of 232 ± 10 Ma, similar to the age of ultra‐high pressure (UHP) metamorphism in the east Qinling–Dabie orogenic belt. REE and other trace element compositions of the zircon from two of the Huwan samples indicate metamorphic zircon growth in the presence of garnet but not plagioclase, namely in the eclogite facies, an interpretation supported by the presence of garnet, omphacite and phengite inclusions. Zircon also grew during later retrogression. Zircon cores from the Huwan shear zone have Ordovician to Devonian (440–350 Ma) ages, flat to steep heavy‐REE patterns, negative Eu anomalies, and in some cases plagioclase inclusions, indicative of derivation from North China Block igneous and low pressure metamorphic source rocks. Cores from Hong'an Group zircon are Neoproterozoic (780–610 Ma), consistent with derivation from the South China Block. In the western Dabie Mountains, the first stage of the collision between the North and South China Blocks took place in the Carboniferous along a suture north of the Huwan shear zone. The major Triassic continent–continent collision occurred along a suture at the southern boundary of the shear zone. The first collision produced local eclogite facies metamorphism in the Huwan shear zone. The second produced widespread eclogite facies metamorphism throughout the Dabie Mountains–Sulu terrane and a lower grade overprint in the shear zone.     

早古生代阿拉善地块与华北地块之间的关系:来自阿拉善东缘中奥陶统碎屑锆石的信息

阿拉善东缘奥陶纪地层位于鄂尔多斯(华北地块)与北祁连早古生代造山带之间的过渡地区,该区的构造背景一直是长期争论的问题,它涉及到阿拉善地块是否与华北地块相连、奥陶系的物源以及"贺兰拗拉槽"是否存在等问题。分布于阿拉善地块东缘的中奥陶统米钵山组的碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄测试表明,样品中数量最多的锆石年龄为900～950Ma,Alxa-1的峰值年龄为916Ma,Alxa-2的峰值年龄为953Ma,次者在494～623Ma之间,这个区间内存在多个峰值,如Alxa-1存在505Ma和588Ma两个主要峰值,Alxa-2则存在494Ma、517Ma、623Ma等几个峰值。在2.5Ga左右两个样品都存在一个弱的峰值,Alxa-1峰值为2517Ma,而Alxa-2峰值为2552Ma和2670Ma。除此之外,两个样品都有个别大于3.0Ga的成分,Alxa-1样品中最年轻的锆石为451±8Ma,Alxa-2样品则为483±4Ma。这些年龄以及沉积特征表明:(1)传统认为的奥陶纪"贺兰拗拉槽"并不存在,鄂尔多斯西南缘地区以及阿拉善东部地区当时属于北祁连早古生代周缘前陆盆地系统;(2)早古生代主要物源来自北祁连造山带,新元古代物源来自阿拉善地块;(3)鄂尔多斯西缘整个米钵山组的锆石年龄分布及其变化,指示出北祁连造山带(岛弧)逐渐靠近阿拉善地块,其间洋盆逐渐消失的过程;(4)阿拉善地块基底与华北有明显差别,阿拉善地块明显受到新元古代和古生代构造热事件的影响,两者可能是在中奥陶世或之后才拼贴在一起。     

祁连和秦岭地区寒武纪和奥陶纪古生物区系关系的探讨

我国西北地区由不同地体组成,构造运动复杂。由于缺乏充分的古生物学证据,古生物区系的识别和归属一直是有待解决的问题。本文在前人工作的基础上,依据各类动物群特征的分析,较详细地探讨了我国祁连和秦岭地区相关地层区中-晚寒武世和奥陶纪动物群的性质及其古生物类型的归属,确定了过渡型动物群在祁连和秦岭地区的大体分布范围。同时,结合地球动力学和古地理学研究成果的分析,探讨了导致在祁连和秦岭地区中-晚寒武世和奥陶纪时存在着与华南相似过渡类型动物群的两种可能原因。一种可能是中-晚寒武世和奥陶纪时塔里木板块位于扬子板块西边,中朝板块位于扬子板块之北,祁连和秦岭可能位于扬子和塔里木板块之间,存在与华南及华北动物群交流的基本条件,产生了大体相近的动物群。另一种可能是中-晚寒武世和奥陶纪时祁连和秦岭地区存在一些原位于扬子板块北部边缘的地体,在这些沿扬子板块北缘分布的地体上发育了与南部边缘相似的生物群或生物类型。中生代之前,沿扬子板块主体和北部边缘地体之间的走滑活动,可能使扬子板块主体向东移动了几百公里,而其边缘那些属于祁连和秦岭的地体向东移动的幅度不大,从而造成现今祁连和秦岭地区存在与扬子板块东南部地区大体相似的具过渡性质的生物群或生物类型,而扬子板块北部边缘又缺少边缘过渡相带的现状。