西藏拉隆穹窿淡色花岗岩中石榴子石矿物学研究及对岩浆-热液过程的指示

为建立淡色花岗岩演化和稀有金属成矿的矿物学指标,本文选取了北喜马拉雅拉隆淡色花岗岩的石榴子石为研究对象,对其开展电子探针分析和矿物原位LA-ICP-MS微量分析,结果表明MnO含量从白云母花岗岩(12.42%~13.48%)到钠长石花岗岩(16.83%~22.09%)逐渐增高,白云母花岗岩石榴子石主要为铁铝榴石,钠长石花岗岩中石榴子石主要为锰铝榴石,其均为典型岩浆成因的石榴子石。石榴子石微量元素结果显示白云母花岗岩和钠长石花岗岩石榴子石稀土均呈现HREE富集、LREE亏损,Eu负异常的特征。从白云母花岗岩到钠长石花岗岩,石榴子石中Zn含量增加,Sc、Y和HREE等元素含量降低,特别是当HREE含量小于1000×10^-6时,稀有金属元素Be、Nb和Ta含量增加,标志着岩浆演化从正岩浆阶段进入了岩浆-热液过渡阶段。形成于岩浆-热液过渡阶段的锰铝榴石可以作为拉隆淡色花岗岩Be-Nb-Ta稀有金属矿化的矿物学指标,此外,石榴子石中Sc、Y和HREE等元素的变化也可以作为淡色花岗岩稀有金属矿化的判别标志。     

幕阜山地区花岗岩-伟晶岩系统中石榴石的组成特征及其对岩浆演化和稀有金属矿化的指示

幕阜山地区是我国重要的伟晶岩型稀有金属矿集区, 区内大规模的岩浆作用形成了众多稀有金属矿床。为了研究幕阜山地区花岗岩-伟晶岩岩浆分异演化过程, 建立岩浆演化各阶段和稀有金属成矿的矿物学指标, 本文对区内各类型花岗岩和伟晶岩中的石榴石进行了电子探针和LA-ICP-MS原位微区主、微量元素研究。结果表明, 幕阜山地区花岗岩-伟晶岩系统中石榴石均为岩浆成因, 属于铁铝榴石-锰铝榴石固溶体系列。区内花岗岩-伟晶岩岩浆呈连续分异演化的特征, 早期花岗岩浆已开始富集稀有金属元素, 且在岩浆多阶段分异演化过程中, 稀有金属元素逐渐富集, 稀有金属矿化强度逐渐增大, 显示出幕阜山地区具有极好的稀有金属成矿潜力。在岩浆演化过程中, 石榴石逐渐富Mn和HREE。花岗岩阶段中, 受黑云母结晶的影响石榴石Mn含量演化趋势与岩浆演化程度相反; 伟晶岩晚阶段的石榴石HREE含量"断崖式"下降的成分特征, 标志着成矿体系由岩浆阶段向富流体阶段转变。伟晶岩阶段中石榴石Mn含量与岩浆演化呈正相关, 高Mn含量石榴石(MnO>27.1%)是幕阜山地区高分异矿化伟晶岩的标志, 也是伟晶岩Li矿化的有效矿物学标志。此外, 低HREE含量(< 66.3×10-6)且高稀碱总量(大于572×10-6)的石榴石也可作为晚期高分异矿化伟晶岩的标志。     

湖北金山店大型矽卡岩型铁矿石榴子石原位微区分析及其地质意义

本文利用电子探针(EMPA)和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS)对湖北金山店大型矽卡岩型铁矿中的石榴子石开展了原位微区分析研究,并探讨其成分变化所蕴含的地质意义。金山店铁矿中的石榴子石可以分为早晚两期:早期石榴子石为钙铝榴石和钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石系列,而晚期石榴子石则主要为钙铁榴石,不同阶段石榴子石成分的变化暗示从早到晚流体氧化性增强。晚期石榴子石相比早期石榴子石富含大离子亲石元素、高场强元素和稀土元素。早期石榴子石中钙铝榴石强烈富集HREE,稀土配分模式为左倾型;而钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石系列则轻重稀土元素分异相对较小。不同的晚期石榴子石样品之间REE含量、δEu和轻重稀土分异程度差异较大,甚至个别石榴子石颗粒不同部位的差异也较大,暗示其形成过程中流体性质发生了剧烈的变化,可能与含膏盐地层的加入有关。石榴子石原位微区分析研究暗示含膏盐地层加入金山店铁矿成矿体系可能具有不均一性和阶段性。     

新疆柯鲁木特伟晶岩脉中石榴子石组成对岩浆-热液过程及Li矿化的制约

利用EMPA研究新疆阿尔泰柯鲁木特112号伟晶岩脉中5个结构带内的石榴子石化学组成。结果表明,112号脉中石榴子石属于铁铝榴石-锰铝榴石系列,主要为锰铝榴石。相同结构内不同石榴子石具有相近的化学组成,不同结构带中的石榴子石的化学组成显著差异:相比早期结构带中的石榴子石,晚期结构中的石榴子石Fe含量增加,Mn含量降低。结合铌钽族矿物中相似的Mn-Fe演化趋势,我们提出岩浆-热液过程中富F流体相出溶可能是晚期结构带中石榴子石显示高Fe、低Mn组成的机理。112号脉中锰铝榴石比例较高,变化于64%~90%范围,集中在稀有金属花岗伟晶岩中的锰铝榴石组成范围,由此我们认为伟晶岩中高Mn O含量的锰铝榴石是伟晶岩内部Li矿化的矿物学标志。     

华南幕阜山花岗伟晶岩的矿物化学特征及指示意义

华南晚中生代幕阜山花岗复式岩基内部及周缘广泛发育花岗伟晶岩脉,部分岩脉富含Li-Nb-Ta等元素,形成大型－超大型稀有金属矿床.本文以幕阜山北缘断峰山地区贫锂伟晶岩类和南缘仁里地区新发现的富锂伟晶岩为主要研究对象,通过详细的岩相学和主要及特征矿物（长石、云母、电气石、石榴子石、绿柱石、铌钽铁矿）的微区原位EPMA和LA-ICP-MS主微量元素地球化学的对比分析,深入探讨了伟晶岩的分类、成因演化及成矿潜力.按照特征矿物组合将伟晶岩划分为断峰山地区电气石伟晶岩、电气石－绿柱石伟晶岩、绿柱石伟晶岩、铌钽铁矿－绿柱石伟晶岩和仁里地区的锂电气石－锂云母伟晶岩5类.5类岩脉中的长石、云母、电气石和/或石榴子石的化学成分记录了不同程度花岗伟晶岩脉的演化阶段,按岩浆演化程度由低至高依次为电气石伟晶岩→电气石－绿柱石伟晶岩→绿柱石伟晶岩→铌钽铁矿－绿柱石伟晶岩→锂电气石－锂云母伟晶岩,并分别对应伟晶岩稀有金属富集程度分类中的无矿→（含Be）→富Be→富Be、Nb、Ta→富Li、Be、Nb、Ta阶段.这一结果表明仁里地区伟晶岩已演化至晚期富集多种稀有金属元素阶段,具有Li-Nb-Ta多金属成矿潜力,而断峰山地区的伟晶岩演化程度相对较低.断峰山电气石－绿柱石伟晶岩中的色带电气石晶体发育强烈成分环带,由内向外可明显分为5环,自核部至边部,Li、Zn、Ga、Ge、Nb、Ta、Sn、Pb等不相容元素和金属元素含量逐渐升高,清晰记录了正常岩浆演化序列及稀有金属富集过程.结合前人有关幕阜山花岗岩类的研究资料,本文认为幕阜山伟晶岩为该地区晚中生代巨量花岗质岩浆经历长期结晶分异作用晚期的分异产物.      

石榴子石中的“水”揭示喜马拉雅错热锂辉石伟晶岩快速形成

东西向延伸近2500km的高喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩带不仅是新生代印度-欧亚板块碰撞的产物, 同时也与多种稀有金属矿床密切相关。近期, 在高喜马拉雅中部的错热地区发现了多条锂辉石伟晶岩脉, 为研究该地区岩浆分异演化过程、探索错热地区锂辉石伟晶岩成岩成矿时限提供了新材料。本文对该地区各类型淡色花岗岩及锂辉石伟晶岩中的石榴子石进行电子探针和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析, 研究表明: 错热地区花岗岩-伟晶岩体系中石榴子石属于岩浆成因的铁铝榴石-锰铝榴石系列, 且可能存在多种OH取代机制; 石榴子石主量元素及水含量记录了岩浆演化历程, 水含量受Si、Fe、Ca、Mn影响; 伴随岩性从石榴子石白云母花岗岩向锂辉石伟晶岩分异演化, 石榴子石逐渐富锰、富水; 在伟晶岩侵位后, 还可能与围岩发生了混染并发生了流体丢失, 导致石榴子石边部贫锰、贫水。此外, 石榴子石氢扩散模拟可用于限定伟晶岩形成时限, 热模拟结果显示2.5m宽的错热锂辉石伟晶岩脉自720℃侵位温度冷却至岩体中心温度低于450℃仅需24天, 表明错热锂辉石伟晶岩冷却迅速, 具有快速的形成速率。另外, 石榴子石水含量与MnO/(MnO+FeO)值呈正相关关系, 高水含量(>0.04%) 的锰铝榴石可能是喜马拉雅伟晶岩Li-Be矿化的潜在指示标志。

     

湖南金船塘锡铋矿床石榴子石原位LA-ICP-MS稀土元素分析及其意义

金船塘锡铋矿床是东坡矿田内一以锡铋为主的大型矽卡岩型多金属矿床。本文在详细野外地质考察、镜下观察以及电子探针分析的基础上,利用高精度LA-ICP-MS对该矿床的矽卡岩内石榴子石原位的微量元素进行了系统的分析。结果表明,金船塘锡铋矿床的钙铝榴石(Gro)大体上具重稀土(HREE)富集、轻稀土(LREE)亏损,负Eu异常的特征;而钙铁榴石(And)不同样品之间存在一定差异性,有的样品显示HREE富集、LREE亏损的特征,有的则轻重稀土分异不明显,除了多数呈Eu负异常外,还有部分表现为弱的正Eu异常,这可能是受钙铝-钙铁榴石混合物中的静电作用所导致。并且,上述不同石榴子石REE分配的差异还进一步指示,钙铝榴石(Gro)矿物生长速率较低,与孔隙流体之间基本保持动态平衡,水/岩(W/R)比值较低,其REE的化学行为主要受到晶体化学等机制的影响;钙铁榴石(And)矿物生长速率较高,具有较高的水/岩(W/R)比值,吸附作用在REE配分模式中起到重要作用。总体上,矽卡岩内的石榴子石的REE的分配呈HREE富集、LREE亏损,负Eu异常的特征,与千里山花岗岩REE分配模式一致,指示了金船塘锡铋矿床的成矿作用可能与千里山花岗岩体具有密切的成因联系。     

华南三类含钨锡矽卡岩中石榴子石的成分、微量元素及红外光谱

本文对荷花坪锡多金属矿,锡田锡钨多金属矿以及新田岭钨矿矽卡岩中的石榴子石样品分别进行了主量元素、微量元素及红外光谱测定。结果表明,3种矽卡岩中的石榴子石多数属于(铁铝榴石+镁铝榴石+锰铝榴石)<15%的钙铁-钙铝榴石系列。新田岭钨矿的石榴子石中钙铁榴石端员含量明显高于其他两个锡矿。此外,在荷花坪、新田岭矿区发现了与后期铅锌矿化有关的锰质石榴子石。在单矿物尺度上,荷花坪矿区石榴子石核部富集钙铝榴石,边部富集钙铁榴石,而锡田矿区石榴子石与之相反;新田岭矿区石榴子石具有相对均匀的核部而边部发育细密的振荡环带。在稀土配分模式上,荷花坪矿区石榴子石重稀土富集,轻稀土亏损,δEu负异常较弱;锡田矿区石榴子石稀土总量最高,轻重稀土无明显分异,δEu负异常较弱;新田岭矿区石榴子石轻重稀土分异极强,重稀土富集,轻稀土严重亏损,δEu具显著的正异常。3种石榴子石的红外漫反射光谱均显示有10种吸收峰,其中低频区的5种与石榴子石成分中的钙铁榴石含量直接相关,因而造成新田岭矿区石榴子石的吸收峰与另两矿区石榴子石相比显著向低频波段移动。通过对华南3类含钨锡矽卡岩中的石榴子石的研究,确认了石榴子石的形成与矽卡岩形成中热液体系的环境变化密切相关。微量元素分析与红外光谱技术作为近年来矽卡岩型石榴子石研究的热点,能够提供传统研究中所不能涉及的微观信息。     

滇西北铜厂沟矽卡岩-斑岩型钼铜矿床中石榴子石地球化学、U-Pb年代学及地质意义

滇西北铜厂沟矽卡岩-斑岩型Mo-Cu矿床是扬子地块西缘新发现的大型钼铜矿床。矽卡岩在铜厂沟矿区广泛发育，是矿区最主要的赋矿岩石。笔者以铜厂沟矽卡岩中石榴子石(Grt)为研究对象，利用电子探针和LA-ICP-MS原位技术开展成分和年代学测试分析。根据矿物镜下特征，将矿区石榴子石分为早期(Grt Ⅰ)和晚期(Grt Ⅱ)两个世代。Grt Ⅰ为浅黄色-黄白色、无环带石榴子石，Grt Ⅱ为褐色-红褐色、具有明显环带的石榴子石。两期石榴子石的SiO₂(34.41%～38.45%)、 CaO(32.7%～35.25%)、 Al₂O₃(6.64%～12.57%)和FeO(12.03%～22.63%)含量指示，二者均属于钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石系列(And_34-64Gro_34-58)。Grt Ⅰ和Grt Ⅱ均呈轻稀土和重稀土亏损、中稀土富集的“驼峰型”配分模式。相比于Grt Ⅰ,Grt Ⅱ具有更低的U含量和变化范围更大的Eu异常，分别指示晚期矽卡岩矿化流体氧逸度较高和pH变化较大。Grt Ⅱ中显著的...     

湘南多金属矿集区燕山期成矿花岗岩的稀土地球化学特征和成岩成矿作用探讨

湘南燕山期成矿花岗岩可划分为3种类型。3种类型成矿花岗岩具有不同的稀土地球化学特征、配分型式和成分变异特征,反映出成矿花岗岩的成岩成矿作用有明显的差别。①MC型花岗岩的∑REE最低,平均为225×10-6;La/Yb比值平均为17、LREE/HREE比值平均为5.4和δEu为1.67,都为最高,稀土配分曲线呈右倾斜的近直线。C型花岗岩的ΣREE最高,平均为353×10-6;La/Yb比值平均为4.3,δEu平均为0.14,LREE/HREE比值平均为1.5,都为最小,稀土配分曲线呈海鸥型。CM型花岗岩总体上介于上述两类花岗岩之间,∑REE变化较大,早期次单元配分曲线呈右倾斜的近直线,晚期次单元配分曲线呈海鸥型。②3种类型成矿花岗岩从MC型-CM型-C型花岗岩以及从同一类型花岗岩的早期次单元至晚期次单元,随岩石酸性程度增高,稀土总量和稀土元素分量总体增高,但轻稀土相对亏损,重稀土相对富集,δEu、La/Yb比值、LREE/HREE比值与SiO2的含量存在较明显的负消长演化关系,重稀土元素则随岩浆演化具逆向演化分异性。③CM型花岗岩晚期次单元与C型花岗岩的稀土元素分馏明显,配分曲线铕谷深,显示经历了较强的分离结晶作用;并导致重稀土元素相对富集,常与Sn、W、Nb、Pb富集成矿。④成矿花岗岩显示富含F、C1等挥发组分的壳幔源熔体混合型花岗岩类的特点,其形成与壳幔岩浆混合作用有关,而CM型花岗岩晚期次的花岗岩类和C型花岗岩类的岩浆演化可能还存在分离结晶作用。     

Rare earth diffusion kinetics in garnet: Experimental studies and applications

We determined the diffusion coefficient of Sm in almandine garnet as function of temperature at 1 bar and fO₂ corresponding to that of wüstite-iron buffer, and to a limited extent, that of a few other selected rare earth elements in almandine and pyrope garnets. Both garnets were demonstrated to have metastably survived the diffusion annealing at conditions beyond their stability fields. The experimental diffusion profiles were analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry, and in addition, by Rutherford back scattering spectroscopy for two samples. Transmission electron microscopic study of an almandine crystal that was diffusion-annealed did not reveal any near-surface fast diffusion path. Using reasonable approximations and theoretical analysis of vacancy diffusion, the experimental data were used to develop an expression of rare earth element (REE) diffusion coefficient in garnet as a function of temperature, pressure, fO₂, ionic radius, and matrix composition. Calculation of the closure temperature for the Sm-Nd decay system in almandine garnet in a metamorphic terrain shows very good agreement with that constrained independently. Modeling of the REE evolution in melt and residual garnet suggests that for dry melting condition, the REE pattern in the melt should commonly conform closely to that expected for equilibrium melting. However, for much lower solidus temperatures that would prevail in the presence of a H₂O-CO₂ fluid, the concentration of light REE in the melt could be significantly lower than that under equilibrium melting condition. A reported core and rim differences in the REE content of a garnet crystal in a mantle xenolith in kimberlite have been reproduced by assuming that the REE zoning was a consequence of entrapment in a magma derived from an external source for ∼32,000 yr before the eruption.     

Rare earth element fractionation in magmatic Ca-rich garnets

Igneous garnets have the potential to strongly fractionate rare earth elements (REE). Yet informations on partition coefficients are very scant, and criteria for distinguishing between hydrothermal and magmatic garnets are ambiguous. To fill this gap, we present trace element and isotopic data for two types of Ca-rich garnets from phonolites (Mt. Somma-Vesuvius). Both Ca-garnet populations are different in their style and dynamics of fractionation: one population is progressively strongly depleted in HREE from core to rim, reflecting REE fractionation in the host phonolite via earlier-crystallized garnets. Such examples for extreme changes in HREE in garnets are only known for hydrothermal grandites by REE-bearing fluids. The second garnet population is homogeneous and formed in a closed system. Near-flat patterns between Sm and Lu confirm experimental data indicating lower D(Sm)/D(Lu) for Ca-rich garnets than for e.g. pyrope-rich garnets. It follows: D ^Grt/PhMelt for La = 0.5, Sm = 48 and Yb = 110.     

Tracing Lithosphere Evolution through the Analysis of Heterogeneous G9-G10 Garnets in Peridotite Xenoliths, II: REE Chemistry

Following previous publication of major–minor elementdata, this paper presents rare earth element (REE) data forheterogeneous (chemically zoned) garnets belonging to the peridotitesuite of mantle xenoliths from the Jagersfontein kimberlitepipe, South Africa. The rim compositions of the garnets in thehighest temperature–pressure (deepest) deformed peridotitesshow a typical megacryst-like pattern, of very low light REE(LREE) increasing through the middle REE (MREE) to a plateauof heavy REE (HREE) at c. 20 times chondrite; these compositionswould be in equilibrium with small-volume melts of the mid-oceanridge basalt (MORB) source (asthenosphere). With decreasingdepth the garnet rims show increasing LREE and decreasing HREE,eventually resulting in humped relative abundance patterns.A set of compositions is calculated for melts that would bein equilibrium with the garnet rims at different depths. Theseshow decreasing relative abundance of each REE from La to Lu,and the La/Lu ratio of the melts increases with decreasing depthof formation. Modelling of the effects of crystal fractionationshows that this process could largely generate the sequenceof garnet rim and melt compositions found with decreasing depth,including the humped REE patterns in high-level garnets. Consideringthe behaviour of major–minor elements as well as REE,a process of percolative fractional crystallization is advocatedin which megacryst source melts percolate upwards through peridotitesand undergo fractionation in conjunction with exchange withthe peridotite minerals. The initial megacryst melt probablyincludes melt of lithospheric origin as well as melt from theMORB source, and it is suggested that the process of percolativefractional crystallization may form a variety of metasomaticand kimberlitic melts from initial megacryst melts. Repeatedmetasomatism of the lower lithosphere by such differentiatingmelts is suggested by consideration of garnet core compositions.Such metasomatism would progressively convert harzburgites tolherzolites by increasing their CaO content, and this may accountfor the fact that the Cr-rich diamond–garnet harzburgiteparagenesis is commonly preserved only where it has been encapsulatedin diamonds. KEY WORDS: cratonic lithosphere; garnet zoning; mantle xenoliths; megacryst magma; metasomatic melt     

四川甲基卡新三号超大型锂矿脉稀土元素地球化学

四川甲基卡新三号(X03) 超大型锂矿脉是近年发现且价值巨大的锂矿化伟晶岩脉,但相对缺少地球化学的研究,利用ICP-MS测试手段对该矿脉ZK1101钻孔中44件样品进行分析测试,发现该矿脉稀土总量很低(∑REE为0.180×10-6~8.613×10-6,平均值为2.543×10-6),配分曲线呈右倾斜型,相对富集轻稀土,总体表现铕负异常.围岩的稀土含量与一般片岩相近(∑REE为160.134×10-6~265.881×10-6,平均值为230.718×10-6),稀土配分曲线总体呈右倾平滑趋势,富集轻稀土,铕为负异常.铕的分布具有特殊性,表现为铕在伟晶岩脉的边部具有显著的正异常.∑REE与Li呈负相关性,δCe与Li则表现为弱正相关性.这一首次发现的低稀土总量和矿脉边部Eu显著正异常的特殊性,对于甲基卡伟晶岩的含矿性评价可能具有重要意义.      

Metasomatic origin of garnet xenocrysts from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe,Arkhangelsk region,NW Russia

This paper presents new major and trace element data from 150 garnet xenocrysts from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe located in the central part of the Arkhangelsk diamondiferous province (ADP). Based on the concentrations of Cr₂O₃, CaO, TiO₂ and rare earth elements (REE) the garnets were divided into seven groups: (1) lherzolitic “depleted” garnets (“Lz 1”), (2) lherzolitic garnets with normal REE patterns (“Lz 2”), (3) lherzolitic garnets with weakly sinusoidal REE patterns (“Lz 3”), (4) lherzolitic garnets with strongly sinusoidal REE patterns (“Lz 4”), (5) harzburgitic garnets with sinusoidal REE patterns (“Hz”), (6) wehrlitic garnets with weakly sinusoidal REE patterns (“W”), (7) garnets of megacryst paragenesis with normal REE patterns (“Meg”). Detailed mineralogical and geochemical garnet studies and modeling results suggest several stages of mantle metasomatism influenced by carbonatite and silicate melts. Carbonatitic metasomatism at the first stage resulted in refertilization of the lithospheric mantle, which is evidenced by a nearly vertical CaO-Cr₂O₃ trend from harzburgitic (“Hz”) to lherzolitic (“Lz 4”) garnet composition. Harzburgitic garnets (“Hz”) have probably been formed by interactions between carbonatite melts and exsolved garnets in high-degree melt extraction residues. At the second stage of metasomatism, garnets with weakly sinusoidal REE patterns (“Lz 3”, “W”) were affected by a silicate melt possessing a REE composition similar to that of ADP alkaline mica-poor picrites. At the last stage, the garnets interacted with basaltic melts, which resulted in the decrease CaO-Cr₂O₃ trend of “Lz 2” garnet composition. Cr-poor garnets of megacryst paragenesis (“Meg”) could crystallize directly from the silicate melt which has a REE composition close to that of ADP alkaline mica-poor picrites. P-T estimates of the garnet xenocrysts indicate that the interval of ～60–110 km of the lithospheric mantle beneath the V. Grib pipe was predominantly affected by the silicate melts, whereas the lithospheric mantle deeper than 150 km was influenced by the carbonatite melts.     

辽宁赛马碱性岩体层硅铈钛矿化学成分变化及其对碱性岩浆演化的指示意义

辽宁赛马岩体是我国典型的产铀碱性杂岩体,但其稀土矿化机制尚不明确.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电子探针分析,得知该岩体从霞石正长岩经霓霞正长伟晶岩至晚期异霞正长岩,代表性稀土矿物层硅铈钛矿[Na₂Ca₄REETi（Si₂O₇）₂OF_3]不断富集,Nb、Zr和REE（特别是HREE）等高场强元素含量不断升高,部分颗粒具Zr、REE等元素成分环带,以上成分变化与稀土等不相容元素性质、碱性岩浆成分和岩浆结晶分异过程密切相关.此外,层硅铈钛矿经历了一系列的热液蚀变,蚀变部分Ti、Ca、Sr、Na含量增加而Zr、REE含量降低,最终形成由残余层硅铈钛矿+方解石+萤石+铈硅磷灰石组成的假晶,可能与富碱质、F和CO₂的自交代流体作用有关.该研究揭示了碱性岩浆演化过程中,层硅铈钛矿成分变化及热液蚀变组合对指示岩浆结晶分异程度、探究稀土元素分馏及其热液活动性的具有重要意义.      

川西甲基卡308号伟晶岩脉年代学和地球化学特征及其地质意义

甲基卡稀有金属矿床是我国目前规模最大的伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床,308号伟晶岩脉为其中出露面积最大的伟晶岩脉,由于勘查及研究程度较低,其形成时代及成矿机制尚不明确.通过LA-MC-ICP-MS锡石U-Pb测年,首次获得产于308号伟晶岩脉中间带含锂辉石伟晶岩的年龄为210.9±4.6 Ma,表明其形成于印支晚期,为印支旋回强烈造山运动之后相对稳定阶段的产物.元素地球化学特征表明,308号伟晶岩脉中边缘带无矿细晶岩与矿床内二云母花岗岩具有相似的过铝质S型花岗岩特征,二者具有同源性,并认为其成矿机制为:花岗质岩浆在中浅成、偏还原的环境上升侵位,由细晶岩至伟晶岩演化过程中,相对分异程度升高,熔体相和富挥发分的流体相之间发生强烈碱交代作用,并在一定的结构分带中发生大规模稀有金属矿化.