磁流变液及结构减振智能驱动器(英文)

本文，首先通过正交试验研究了磁流变液各组分对其性能的影响作用及作用机理。试验表明，油酸的主要作用是提高磁性颗粒的溶解性，而ＯＰ乳化剂的主要作用是提高磁性颗粒的分散能力。其次，根据以上的试验结果，在大量具体对比试验的基础上，研制成功了一种剪切屈服强度高、沉降稳定性好的磁流变液。而后，根据磁流变液的流变特性，结合磁路特点，设计制作了一个额定电压为９Ｖ、电流为２Ａ、功率为２０Ｗ的磁流变减振驱动器，并测试了此驱动器的阻尼力及时间响应特性。测试表明，本减振驱动器的响应时间是０．２至０．３秒，而不是理论响应时间的１０毫秒。最后，分析了响应时间的影响因素。     

磁流变液及结构减振智能驱动器

本文,首先通过正交试验研究了磁流变液各组分对其性能的影响作用及作用机理.试验表明,油酸的主要作用是提高磁性颗粒的溶解性,而OP乳化剂的主要作用是提高磁性颗粒的分散能力.其次,根据以上的试验结果,在大量具体对比试验的基础上,研制成功了一种剪切屈服强度高、沉降稳定性好的磁流变液.而后,根据磁流变液的流变特性,结合磁路特点,设计制作了一个额定电压为9V、电流为2A、功率为20W的磁流变减振驱动器,并测试了此驱动器的阻尼力及时间响应特性.测试表明,本减振驱动器的响应时间是0.2至0.3秒,而不是理论响应时间的10毫秒.最后,分析了响应时间的影响因素.     

磁流变耗能器性能的试验研究

磁流变耗能器是新型的智能型耗能器,是实现半主动控制的理论元件。本文在文献「３」的基础上设计制作了磁流变耗能器是新型的试验研究了耗能器的磁场强度,阻尼性能和响应时间,为此类耗能器用于结构被动减振和主动控制提供了基础。     

磁流变调谐液柱阻尼器半主动地震反应控制研究

结构的半主动控制装置是国际上研究的一个热点.磁流变式调谐液柱阻尼器(MR-TLCD)是一种新型的减振驱动器.文中提出了抑制结构水平振动的MR-TLCD模型,建立了MR-TLCD与结构相互作用的运动方程.在经典线性最优控制(COC)和瞬时最优控制(IOC)算法的基础上,研究了Clipped-optimal半主动控制策略的减振效果,并与被动控制的减振效果进行了对比.结果表明:磁流变式调谐液柱阻尼器的半主动控制能够有效地减小结构的地震反应,且优于被动控制.     

半主动悬挂系统磁流变减振器的阻尼力实验与分析

采用磁流变减振器的履带车辆半主动悬挂系统,由于磁流变流体阻尼器结构简单、体积小、能耗低、反应迅速且阻尼力可调,正在成为新型履带车辆悬挂系统的发展方向。本文基于磁流变可控流体本构关系的Bingham模型,对影响车用磁流变减振器的阻尼力的各种因素进行了综合分析。对自行研制的双出杆剪切阀式磁流变减振器进行了实验研究,用实验与数值计算相结合的方法建立了粘滞阻尼力与液体动力粘度的关系、粘滞阻尼力与活塞间隙的关系、总阻尼力与活塞间隙的关系以及活塞间隙与可调系数K的关系。讨论了活塞间隙对磁流变减振器工作性能的影响规律,得到了活塞间隙的取值范围及依据。文中的数值计算是建立在已成型的试验器材基础上的,所以得到的关系曲线具有一定的实际意义和参考价值。     

500kN 足尺磁流变液阻尼器设计的关键技术

对我们制作的、目前出力居世界前列的500kN足尺MR阻尼器设计的关键技术、阻尼器的性能试验及力学模型的参数识别进行了研究。在对磁流变液材料的最大屈服剪应力、抗沉降稳定性以及磁滞响应时间等关键性能试验分析的基础上,确认该磁流变液的抗沉降稳定性和其他两项性能指标满足MR阻尼器的设计与工程应用要求。同时,对此500kN足尺MR阻尼器设计的关键技术,包括内置式碟型弹簧蓄能器、磁场防漏设计以及引线保护等进行了介绍;并通过对此MR阻尼器性能的试验,依据阻尼最小二乘法,对MR阻尼器采用的修正的B ingham模型的参数进行了识别,得到了与试验结果吻合的MR阻尼器的力学模型。通过研究可知,高性能磁流变液材料的制备以及MR阻尼器设计的关键技术是大吨位足尺MR阻尼器成功的关键。     

无源自适应磁流变阻尼器设计与研究

针对防震、航空航天、野战军械等领域对能源的限制,以及车辆减振中对阻尼器拉压行程不同阻尼力大小的要求,设计制作了一个无源自适应磁流变阻尼器。该阻尼器采用磁致伸缩逆效应及磁流变液的特性,把负载力的变化转化为磁流变液间隙处磁场的变化,解决了常规的磁流变阻尼器需要外配能源装置及控制电路的问题。对该阻尼器进行了建模,并进行了阻尼特性试验,结果表明:试验数据与模型符合得较好,阻尼力大小和负载有关,拉力越大,阻尼力越大,压力越大,阻尼力越小,具有负载自适应的特点,验证了设计的可行性。     

多自由度减振磁流变阻尼器的设计研究

针对磁流变阻尼器存在的磁流变液体沉淀、结构复杂、阻尼通道设计不尽合理等问题和工程应用中多自由度减振的实际需求,采用阻尼通道的锥形孔结构、平行圆盘缝隙式设计和分体式结构、实现磁流变阻尼器易安装、散热好、效率高和多自由度减振使用的目的.通过台架试验研究,分析了控制电流、激振频率和振幅对阻尼器阻尼特件的影响,结果表明所设计的...     

磁流变液阻尼器三段线性变阻尼模型及试验验证

自行研发了一个最大出力约为10 kN的磁流变液阻尼器(MRFD),基于阻尼器的力学性能试验结果,分析最大阻尼力随速度和电流的变化规律,提出了一种适用于控制器设计的简便高效MRFD唯象模型-三段线性变阻尼恢复力模型,并对模型参数进行识别,数值与试验结果对比分析表明该模型可较精确地模拟MRFD的非线性力学性能。基于该三段线性变阻尼恢复力模型可方便数值求解阻尼器逆模型,阻尼器力学模型的研究思路可应用于其他具体研发的磁流变液阻尼器中。     

可控流体减振驱动器的研究与应用

电流变和磁流变流体是两类性能极为相似的可控流体。本文概述了这两类可控流体的基本性能的本构关系，综合了用它们制作 的减振驱劝器的装置形式、计算理论和在结构振控制中的应用，比较了这两种流体及其装置的性能的特点，指出了值得进一步研究的一些问题。     

Time-delay damping theory

In this paper, existing damping theories are briefly reviewed. On the basis of the existing damping theories, a new kind of damping theory, i.e., the time-delay damping theory, is developed. In the time-delay damping theory, the damping force is considered to be directly proportional to the increment of displacement. The response analysis of an SDOF time-delay damping system is carried out, and the methods for obtaining the solution for a time-delay damping system in the time domain as well as the frequency domain are given. The comparison between results from different damping theories shows that the time-delay damping theory is both reasonable and convenient. Supported by: Key Project in Ninth Five-Year Plan of China Seismoligcal Bureau     

基于AFSMC算法的结构非线性振动MR控制与仿真分析

作为最近发展起来的高性能半主动控制装置,磁流变阻尼器通过改变磁场强度来调节控制力,可靠度高,体积小,出力大,并且具有Fail-Safe的特点,是一种具有广泛应用前景的新型结构控制装置。本文主要研究结构非线性振动的磁流变阻尼半主动控制。首先采用我们提出的自适应模糊滑模控制(AFSMC)算法得到了结构非线性振动的主动控制力,然后参照主动控制力,提出和仿真实现了结构非线性振动的磁流变阻尼半主动控制。最后,针对3层和20层benchm ark非线性模型,每层均设置一个磁流变阻尼器,对在给定的地震动下的结构响应进行了计算,分析了半主动控制跟踪主动控制的效果,并且对于半主动控制下的结构位移响应、加速度响应等各项指标也进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明,由于自适应模糊滑模控制算法与半主动控制算法相结合可以很好地实现结构非线性振动的半主动控制,所以能够得到令人满意的控制结果。     

Considerations for the development of real‐time dynamic testing using servo‐hydraulic actuation

This paper presents a study of the use of servo‐hydraulic systems in the implementation of real‐time large‐scale structural testing methods in force control such as effective force testing (EFT) and in displacement control such as real‐time pseudodynamic testing (RPsD). Mathematical models for both types of control systems are presented and used to investigate the influences of servo‐systems on the overall system performance. Parameters investigated include the overall system dynamics, nonlinearities of servo‐systems, actuator damping, system mass including piston mass, and system response delay. Results of both numerical simulations and experiments showed that many of the influences of the servo‐hydraulic system that significantly affect the real‐time dynamic tests can be properly compensated through control schemes identified in this paper. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Real‐time hybrid testing of a smart base isolation system

Real‐time hybrid testing is a very effective technique for evaluating the dynamic responses of rate‐dependent structural systems subjected to earthquake excitation. A smart base isolation system has been proposed by others using conventional low‐damping isolators and controllable damping devices such as magnetorheological (MR) dampers to achieve specified control target performance. In this paper, real‐time hybrid tests of a smart base isolation system are conducted. The simulation is for a base‐isolated two‐degrees‐of‐freedom building model where the superstructure and the low‐damping base isolator are numerically simulated, and the MR damper is physically tested. The target displacement obtained from the step‐by‐step integration of the numerical substructure is imposed on the MR damper, which is driven by three different control algorithms in real‐time. To compensate the actuator delay and improve the accuracy of the test, an adaptive phase‐lead compensator is implemented. The accuracy of each test is investigated by using the root mean square error and the tracking indicator. Experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid testing procedure using the proposed actuator compensation techniques is effective for investigating the control performance of the MR damper in a smart base isolation system. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器及其性能试验与分析

本文结合压电驱动器和T型摩擦阻尼器的特点，提出了压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器，并建立了阻尼器输入电压主动调节或按位移和速度相关调节的阻尼力模型。其次，设计制作了最大阻尼力450N、阻尼力可调倍数2.5～3倍的小比例模型压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器，进行了可调阻尼力性能试验，得到了输入电压主动调节和分别按位移和速度相关调节的阻尼力滞回曲线，试验结果与阻尼力模型分析结果吻合较好。此外，探讨了压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器的规格化设计，分别设计了最大阻尼力20kN和200kN、阻尼力可调倍数2的压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器参数。压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器构造简单、阻尼力调节方便、响应迅速，是一种性能优燎能阻尼器.     

ENHANCED SERVOVALVE TECHNOLOGY FOR SEISMIC VIBRATORS1

The Pelton DR^TM Servovalve Enhancement causes the natural output of a vibrator to resemble the desired output more closely. This simplifies the control problem and reduces harmonic distortion. The traditional type of servovalve used on seismic vibrators is a flow-control servovalve. Flow is proportional to a vibrator's baseplate velocity, with respect to its reaction mass. The new servovalve control parameter is pressure rather than flow. The differential pressure applied to a vibrator's actuator piston, multiplied by the area of the piston, equals the force applied to the vibrator's baseplate structure. This may be defined as actuator force. There is a simpler and more linear relationship between actuator force and ground force than between actuator velocity and ground force. Thus, it is better for the servovalve to control pressure into the actuator rather than flow. A flow-control servovalve can be made to control pressure by sensing the differential pressure across a vibrator's actuator piston and applying it as a negative feedback around the servovalve main stage. This has been carried out and tested. The result is more accurate vibrator control and reduced harmonic distortion.     

逆变型磁流变阻尼器的实验和分析

磁流变液是一种性能优良的智能材料,用其制成的MR阻尼器是一种理想的半主动控制装置。本文提出了一种新型MR阻尼器——逆变型MR阻尼器,给出了逆变型MR阻尼器的设计方法,并设计了一个足尺的阀式逆变型MR阻尼器。实验证明逆变型MR阻尼器阻尼力可调,在电源失效或无电源时能够在大阻尼状态工作,这提高了半主动控制装置在地震中的使用安全性。逆变型MR阻尼器具有良好的可靠性、实用性和经济性。本文最后针对试验中阻尼器出力的可调范围比较小的问题给出了几种改进的思路。     

Simplified design method for shear-valve magnetorheological dampers

Based on the Bingham parallel-plate model, a simplified design method of shear-valve magnetorheological(MR) dampers is proposed considering the magnetic circuit optimization. Correspondingly, a new MR damper with a full-length effective damping path is proposed. The prototype dampers are also fabricated and studied numerically and experimentally. According to the test results, the Bingham parallel-plate model is further modified to obtain a damping force prediction model of the proposed MR dampers. This prediction model considers the magnetic saturation phenomenon. The study indicates that the proposed simplified design method is simple, effective and reliable. The maximum damping force of the proposed MR dampers with a full-length effective damping path is at least twice as large as those of conventional MR dampers. The dynamic range of damping force increases by at least 70%. The proposed damping force prediction model considers the magnetic saturation phenomenon and it can realize the actual characteristic of MR fluids. The model is able to predict the actual damping force of MR dampers precisely.