广丰盆地早白垩世火山-侵入杂岩稀土元素地球化学特征及成因探讨

江西广丰早白垩世盆地火山-侵入杂岩稀土元素地球化学特征表明,本区火山-侵入杂岩可能是一套具有成因联系的岩石系列,杂岩中基性岩可分出稀土特征不同两类岩石,中酸性岩石亦可分出稀土特征不同两类的岩石,其中(橄榄)玄粗岩与钾长斑岩、橄辉粗玄岩与花岗斑岩稀土元素标准化曲线和稀土元素特征参数具有相似性。这些信息对揭示本区早白垩世基性岩浆的底侵作用具有重要的启迪意义。     

滇西洱海北部北衙地区富碱斑岩的地球化学、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及成因

用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年法获得滇西北衙地区炭窑石英正长斑岩的年龄TY-1为31.5 Ma±1.1Ma,TY-3为31.34 Ma±0.73Ma,证明该斑岩形成于新生代。北衙富碱斑岩具有富碱、高钾的特点,总体属于钾玄岩系列的岩石。岩石富轻稀土和Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素而亏损Nd、Ta等高场强元素。岩石的∑LREE/∑HREE比值和(La/Yb)N比值高,Eu异常不明显。综合北衙地区富碱侵入岩的常量、微量、稀土元素和同位素地球化学特征发现,富碱斑岩具有许多与埃达克岩（adakite）相似的岩石地球化学特征,但又与Defant等定义的典型埃达克岩有明显的差别,而与中国可可西里钾质埃达克岩更为接近。通过对北衙地区富碱斑岩的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素的系统研究发现,富碱斑岩的源区具有EMⅡ富集地幔的地球化学特征。     

论570矿床稀土元素特征及地球化学演化

本文对５７０矿床新鲜岩石、蚀变岩石的稀土元素进行了地球化学研究。稀土元素特征表明，矿区基底花岗岩的成因类似华南改造型花岗岩；火山岩可能是基底变质深熔作用形成；次花岗斑岩与火山岩同源。在弱酸性－中性热液蚀变（赤铁矿化和水云母化）过程中，稀土元素的变化不大，仅表现为稀土总量有所增减；而碱性蚀变（碱交代和碳酸盐化）则一方面表现出稀土总量的变化，另一方面轻、重稀土的分馏程度也有变化。矿石中稀土总量，特别是重稀土含量普遍升高，这一特征可以作为铀成矿的指示标志。     

论570矿床稀土元素特征及地球化学演义

本文对５７０矿床新鲜岩石、蚀变岩石的稀土元素进行了地球化学研究。稀土元素特征表明，矿区基底花岗岩的成因类似华南改造型花岗岩；火山岩可能是基底变质深熔作用形成；次花岗斑岩与火山岩同源。在弱酸性一中性热液蚀变（赤铁矿化和水云母化）过程中，稀土元素的变化不大，仅表现变稀土总量有所增减，而碱性蚀变（碱交代和碳酸盐化）则一方面表现出稀土总量的变化，另一方面轻，重稀土的分馏程度也有变化。矿石中稀土总量，特别是     

中条山铜矿峪铜矿含矿岩系地球化学特征及矿床成因

中条山铜矿峪斑岩型铜矿床位于秦岭造山带北端,矿体主要赋存于变质花岗闪长斑岩、黑云母片岩和变质基性火山岩中。矿区内含铜岩系的全岩地球化学分析显示,主量元素表明矿区的含铜岩系均表现出富钾、富铝的特征;微量元素表明所有样品均显示出相对富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba等),亏损高场强元素(P、Y、Ti、Nb、Ta等),反映岩浆源区可能遭受过俯冲带流体的交代作用,具有岛弧玄武岩的地球化学特征;稀土元素特征显示出明显的轻重稀土分馏,轻稀土富集,所有样品都表现出弱的铕负异常。研究认为,变质花岗斑岩、黑云母片岩和绢英岩的原岩初步定为钙碱性玄武岩或拉斑玄武岩,铜矿峪铜矿床形成于挤压与拉张构造环境的转换阶段,其成因类型应属于斑岩型铜矿床。     

俯冲型和碰撞型含矿斑岩地球化学组成的差异

Cu-Mo-Au含矿斑岩不仅可以形成于与洋壳俯冲相联系的弧环境,而且也产于碰撞造山带内。通过对比俯冲型和碰撞型含矿斑岩的地球化学特征,发现它们特别在微量元素上具有较大差别,暗示它们有着不同的物源区组成或形成机制。同冈底斯带碰撞型含矿斑岩相比,太平洋东岸俯冲型含矿斑岩有着明显高的HREE和Y含量,低的Sr/Y、(La/Yb)_N以及(Dy/Yb)_N比值,表明其物质源区不含或含有少量的石榴子石并可能以角闪石组成为主。统计发现这些俯冲型含矿斑岩部分样品具有埃达克岩地球化学特征,但大部分样品却显示出具有与正常岛弧系列火山岩相似的特征,它们很可能是板片释放流体交代地幔楔形成的熔体并在后期经历MASH过程的产物。冈底斯带碰撞型含矿斑岩具有典型埃达克岩地球化学特征,指示其形成条件达到了石榴子石相变,可能形成于增厚的下地壳,其物质源区很可能与前期的洋壳俯冲有着密切的联系。普朗-雪鸡坪含矿斑岩具有与俯冲型含矿斑岩十分相似的地球化学特征,它们有可能是西向俯冲的甘孜-理塘洋发生断离,进而诱发前期俯冲流体交代的富集地幔楔发生部分熔融的产物,而并非是俯冲洋壳直接发生部分熔融的产物。     

内蒙古东部新胜屯地区晚侏罗世A型花岗岩特征与成因

内蒙古新胜屯地区花岗岩侵入晚侏罗世玛尼吐组及白音高老组火山岩的岩性主要为中粒花岗岩、花岗斑岩及钾长花岗斑岩。在野外地质调查的基础上,通过研究晚侏罗世花岗岩的产出特征、岩石学特征及岩石地球化学特征,发现新胜屯地区花岗岩具有高硅碱富钾和贫镁低钙、TFeO/MgO比值高、碱性及准铝质—过铝质的特征;稀土元素总量高,轻稀土富集,Eu亏损显著,稀土元素配分曲线呈不对称右倾的"海鸥型"展布;微量元素Zr、Y、Ce及高场强元素Rb、Th、K、Sm、Nd含量高,而Sr、Ba、P、Ti亏损。上述岩体地球化学特征表明岩体属铝质A型花岗岩,形成于非造山期板内拉张的构造环境。     

内蒙古敖仑花斑岩铜钼矿床花岗岩类地质地球化学特征

敖仑花斑岩铜钼矿床位于大兴安岭南段西拉木伦河断裂北侧,矿床赋存于花岗闪长斑岩岩体及长英质角岩中.矿区脉岩发育,多形成于花岗闪长斑岩体及成矿之后.岩石地球化学表明,赋矿斑岩具有高Si、富Al、Na,低Ca、Mg和Fe2OT3,A/CNK值小于1.1等特征,为偏钠质的高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩;稀土元素具微弱负Eu异常,轻重稀土分异比较明显,LREE/HREE值在11.43～18.33,LaN/YbN值在14.64～37.55;岩石具高Sr(＞400×10-6),低Y(≤18×10-6)和Yb(≤1.9×10-6),显示出典型的埃达克岩特征.矿区后期的脉岩中,流纹斑岩与赋矿斑岩的地球化学特征差别较大,具有低Sr,高Y和Yb,明显的负Eu异常等特征,反映其构造背景为张性环境;英安斑岩具有弱的负Eu异常,轻重稀土分异度高于流纹斑岩,但略低于花岗闪长斑岩.通过分析矿区花岗岩岩类的地球化学特征及形成构造环境,认为敖仑花铜钼矿床具有有利的成矿条件和很大的找矿潜力.     

云南中甸红牛-红山大型夕卡岩铜矿床石榴子石U-Pb年代学、元素地球化学及地质意义

为厘定云南中甸红牛-红山大型夕卡岩铜矿床赋存矿体的夕卡岩的形成年龄，对矿区产出的石榴子石开展了U-Pb定年，并结合石榴子石的元素地球化学特征探讨矿床成因。结果显示，矿区不同矿段(红牛、红山)均发育早(GrtⅠ)、晚(GrtⅡ)两个世代的石榴子石，其成分均为钙铝-钙铁榴石固溶体(红牛为And_{27.02～62.53}Gro_{36.74～71.64},红山为And_{42.51～99.94}Gro_0.00～56.37)。不同矿段、不同世代石榴子石的稀土元素配分模式特征迥异，表现为左倾型、负Eu异常和右倾型、正Eu异常两种配分模式；两个矿段石榴子石的稀土总含量相差较大(红牛为5.29×10^-6～102×10^-6,红山为19.8×10^-6～206×10^-6)。研究表明，石榴子石的稀土配分模式主要受钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石端元组分控制；更高的稀土元素含量可能与富氯流体的加入及流体运移距离较短有关。红牛-红山矿床石榴子石U-Pb年龄为(79.7...     

云南金平铜厂斑岩Cu(Mo-Au)矿床含矿石英正长斑岩地球化学特征及成因机制探讨

铜厂斑岩型Cu(Mo-Au)矿床位于金沙江-红河富碱侵入岩带的南段,其含矿的石英正长斑岩侵入体属金沙江-红河富碱侵入岩带的重要组成部分.对铜厂石英正长斑岩开展详细的地球化学研究结果表明,其具有高碱、富钾及准铝质-弱过铝质等特征,属钾玄岩系列岩石;微量和稀土元素分析表明,铜厂石英正长斑岩明显富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K、La和Sr等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素,具有明显的“TNT”负异常,稀土总量高,明显富集轻稀土而亏损重稀土,轻重稀土分馏显著;(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.707097～0.707138,εNd(t)为-7.1 ～ -6.8,在Sr-Nd同位素相关图上,与EMII来源岩石相似.对比金沙江-红河富碱侵入岩带北段的玉龙含矿的二长花岗斑岩和中段的马厂箐含矿的花岗斑岩的地球化学特征,铜厂含矿斑岩具有高的全碱、微量元素和稀土元素含量、高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值和低的εNd(t)值、不具埃达克质岩属性等特征.综合研究表明,铜厂含矿的石英正长斑岩在成因类型上属于A型花岗岩类,形成于～35 Ma的晚碰撞走滑环境且直接起源于EMII地幔的部分熔融铜厂与玉龙及马厂箐斑岩型Cu( Mo-Au)矿床含矿斑岩地球化学特征和成矿规模存在差异,与源区物质的部分熔融程度和地壳物质的混染程度密切相关.     

Magmatic evolution of the Mantos Blancos copper deposit, Coastal Range of northern Chile: insight from Sr–Nd isotope, geochemical data and silicate melt inclusions

The Mantos Blancos copper deposit (500 Mt at 1.0% Cu) was affected by two superimposed hydrothermal events: (i) phyllic alteration related to a rhyolitic dome emplacement and brecciation at ca 155 Ma; and (ii) potassic, sodic and propylitic alteration at ca 142 Ma, coeval with stocks and sills emplacement of dioritic and granodioritic porphyries, that locally grade upwards into polymictic magmatic hydrothermal breccias. Major hypogene copper sulfide mineralization is related to the second event. A late‐ore mafic dike swarm cross‐cuts all rocks in the deposit. Two types of granodioritic porphyries can be distinguished from petrographic observations and geochemical data: granodiorite porphyry I (GP I) and granodiorite porphyry II (GP II), which resulted from two different trends of magmatic evolution. The concave shape of the rare earth element (REE) distribution pattern together with the weak or absence of negative Eu anomalies in mafic dikes, dioritic and GP I porphyries, suggest hornblende‐dominated fractionation for this magmatic suite. In contrast, distinct negative Eu anomalies and the flat REE patterns suggest plagioclase‐dominated fractionation, at low oxygen fugacity, for the GP II porphyry suite. But shallow mixing and mingling between silicic and dioritic melts are also likely for the formation of the GP II and polymictic breccias, respectively. Sr‐Nd isotopic compositions suggest that the rhyolitic dome rocks were generated from a dominantly crustal source, while the GP I has mantle affinity. The composition of melt inclusions (MI) in quartz crystals from the rhyolitic dome is similar to the bulk composition of their host rock. The MI analyzed in quartz from GP II and in the polymictic magmatic hydrothermal breccia of the deposit are compositionally more evolved than their host rocks. Field, geochemical and petrographic data provided here point to dioritic and siliceous melt interaction as an inducing mechanism for the release of hydrothermal fluids to form the Cu mineralization.     

Multiple and prolonged porphyry Cue Au mineralization and alteration events in the Halasu deposit,Chinese Altai,Xinjiang,northwestern China

The Halasu area is located in the southeastern margin of the Chinese Altai in Xinjiang, China. It is part of the Altaid orogenic collage where a number of porphyry-type Cue Moe Au deposits have been discovered in recent years. Geological mapping and drilling indicate the presence of various mineralized porphyritic intrusions in the Halasu Cue Au deposit, which is currently under exploration. Ue Pb dating of zircon crystals from four different mineralized porphyries reveals three significantly different ages of magmatic intrusion, i.e., ca. 372e382 Ma granodioritic porphyry and porphyritic granite, ca. 266 Ma quartz monzonitic porphyry, and ca. 216 Ma quartz dioritic porphyry. Ree Os dating of molybdenite from veinletdissemination ores in the granodioritic porphyry yields an age of mineralization of ca. 377 Ma, and Ar e Ar dating of K-feldspar from K-feldsparequartzechalcopyrite veins produces ages of ca. 269 and ca.198 Ma. The mineralization(and alteration) ages correspond broadly to the three episodes of magmatic intrusion, suggesting three overprinting porphyry mineralization events that are significantly separated in time. The first episode of porphyry intrusion and mineralization may be related to the magmatic arc being above a plate subduction zone, and the second was formed in a late-collisional environment during the closing of the Junggar Ocean, whereas the third episode of mineralization took place in the postcollisional stage. This case study suggests that in orogens where major porphyry deposits have been found in magmatic arc environments, the potential of discovering late- to post-collisional porphyry deposits cannot be neglected; conversely, in orogens where most porphyry deposits have late- to postcollisional ages, more attention should be paid to porphyries that were formed earlier in magmatic arc environments.     

Origin of the Yinshan epithermal-porphyry Cu–Au–Pb–Zn–Ag deposit,southeastern China: insights from geochemistry,Sr–Nd and zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopes

The Yinshan deposit is a large epithermal-porphyry polymetallic deposit, and the timing and petrogenesis of ore-hosting porphyries have been hotly debated. We present new results from geochemical, whole-rock Sr–Nd and zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopic investigations. Zircon U–Pb data demonstrate that the quartz porphyry, dacitic porphyry, and quartz dioritic porphyry formed at ?172.2 ± 0.4 Ma, ?171.7 ± 0.5 Ma, and ?170.9 ± 0.3 Ma, respectively. Inherited zircon cores show significant age spreads from ?730 to ?1390 Ma. Geochemically, they are high-K calc-alkaline or shoshonitic rocks with arc-like trace element patterns. They have similar whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotopic compositions, yet an increasing trend in ?_Nd(t) and ?_Hf(t) values typifies the suite. Older (inherited) zircons of the three porphyries display Hf compositions comparable to those of the Jiangnan Orogen basement rocks. In situ zircon oxygen isotopic analyses reveal that they have similar oxygen isotopic compositions, which are close to those of mantle zircons. Moreover, a decreasing trend of δ¹⁸O values is present. We propose that the ore-related porphyries of the Yinshan deposit were emplaced contemporaneously and derived from partial melting of Neoproterozoic arc-derived mafic (or ultra-mafic) rocks. Modelling suggests that the quartz porphyries, dacitic porphyries, and quartz dioritic porphyries experienced ?25%, ?10%, and ?10% crustal contaminations by Shuangqiaoshan rocks. Our study provides important constraints on mantle–crust interaction in the genesis of polymetallic mineralization associated with Mesozoic magmatism in southeastern China.     

中甸岛弧成矿斑岩的锆石年代学及其意义

义敦岛弧南段的中甸岛弧印支期浅成-超浅成斑岩体与成矿密切相关,本文对该地区代表性的成矿斑岩如西侧的雪鸡坪、东侧的欠虽等岩体开展了高精度的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年,获得雪鸡坪成矿斑岩的年龄为213.4±1.5Ma,欠虽石英闪长玢岩年龄为217.1±1.5Ma。本研究和近几年发表的高精度锆石U-Pb年代学成果发现前人划分的中甸岛弧地区东、西成矿斑岩带的斑岩体形成时代没有明显的差异,这些斑岩体呈面状分布,其形成时代集中在223~211Ma,应该属于同一构造作用的产物。同时,这些成矿斑岩的锆石REE配分模式图显示一致的成分趋势,具有强烈的Ce正异常和相对较低的Eu负异常,指示出岩浆过程具有高的氧逸度。结合它们埃达克质的地球化学研究成果,我们认为中甸岛弧成矿斑岩以及相关的斑岩矿床是在东侧的甘孜-理塘洋晚三叠世俯冲过程中形成的,俯冲板片熔体的参与形成了高氧逸度富金属的岩浆,其对区内成岩和成矿过程具有重要意义。     

安第斯与冈底斯成矿带斑岩铜矿床矿物学和成矿斑岩地球化学特征对比

在总结安第斯和冈底斯斑岩铜矿床地质矿物学特征的基础上,通过对2个成矿带与斑岩铜矿床有关的岩浆岩地球化学特征的对比分析,探讨了2种构造环境下形成的斑岩铜矿床含矿斑岩与成矿过程的异同点。安第斯成矿带的斑岩铜矿床形成于洋壳俯冲陆缘弧环境,成矿时代主要集中在始新世晚期—渐新世(43~31Ma)和中新世中期—上新世(12~4Ma),金属组合包括Cu-Mo和Cu-Au,含矿斑岩的SiO_2含量变化范围较大,岩性从中性到酸性,以钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列为主,少部分具有典型埃达克岩地球化学特征,而大多数安第斯含矿斑岩具有正常岛弧系列火山岩的地球化学特征。冈底斯成矿带斑岩铜矿床主要发育于陆-陆碰撞环境,成矿时代为中新世(20~12Ma),金属组合为Cu-Mo,缺乏Cu-Au组合,含矿斑岩岩性以酸性为主,且主要为高钾钙碱性-钾玄质系列岩浆岩,具有典型埃达克岩的地球化学特征。安第斯成矿带含矿斑岩的形成很可能是板片释放流体交代楔形地幔,经部分熔融与MASH过程的产物,并不是直接源于洋壳的部分熔融;而冈底斯成矿带含矿斑岩成因可能是早期洋壳多次俯冲形成俯冲增生弧,之后在陆陆碰撞过程中经历缩短加厚,与深部构造动力学机制发生变化时的部分熔融有关。     

特提斯成矿域中新世斑岩铜矿岩石成因、源区、构造演化及其成矿作用过程

作为全球三大成矿域之一,特提斯成矿域发育众多的世界级成矿带(矿床),例如,旁地德斯、萨汉德-巴兹曼、贾盖、玉龙、冈底斯成矿带等。为了进一步了解特提斯成矿域中新世斑岩铜矿的成因及成矿作用,本文对萨汉德-巴兹曼、贾盖和冈底斯铜矿带典型矿床的地质、地球化学、Sr-Nd-Pb数据进行对比分析,探讨含矿斑岩岩石成因、源区特征和构造环境,归纳其构造演化与其成矿作用过程。地球化学数据显示,这三个铜矿带中新世斑岩体总体显示钙碱性I型花岗岩的特征,具有埃达克岩亲和性。与冈底斯铜矿带相比较,萨汉德-巴兹曼铜矿带和贾盖铜矿带斑岩体显示出弧岩浆岩与埃达克岩过渡的地球化学特征,暗示其岩浆源区MORB质角闪榴辉岩或榴辉岩可能发生的较大程度的部分熔融。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素数据显示,这些含矿斑岩主要来源于受岩浆作用控制的壳幔混合物质,显示DUPAL异常。综合研究分析,认为这些含矿斑岩可能形成于岛弧造山带演化过程中,是洋壳俯冲消减和大陆碰撞过程中增厚下地壳部分熔融的结果。     

中国斑岩铜矿与埃达克(质)岩关系探讨

对比研究了中国26个主要斑岩铜矿的地球化学特征和年代学,结果表明其中25个矿床与埃达克(质)岩有成因联系,且多数与玄武质下地壳熔融形成的埃达克岩(C型)有关,现有数据表明土屋-延东和普朗斑岩铜矿可能与俯冲板片熔融形成的埃达克岩(O型)有关。容矿斑岩的初始锶值为0.7034～0.7090,均大于洋中脊玄武岩和亏损地幔的初始锶值,多数与EMI的初始锶值接近,推测其源区或源岩主要为玄武质下地壳,少数为洋中脊玄武岩,并受到中、上地壳不同程度的混染,这与两类埃达克岩的源区基本一致。虽然埃达克质岩浆具有形成斑岩铜矿的巨大潜力,但并非所有埃达克岩都能成矿,不同岩体需具体分析。     

云南中甸地苏嘎印支期斑岩地球化学特征及其成矿标识

地苏嘎印支期斑岩体位于中甸岛弧东斑岩带的北端,岩性为石英闪长玢岩,与普朗超大型斑岩铜矿的成矿岩体同属于甘孜—理塘洋壳俯冲作用晚期岩浆活动的产物。全岩地球化学特征显示,地苏嘎石英闪长玢岩具有中等的SiO₂含量,较高的Al₂O₃及全碱(K₂O+Na₂O)含量。全岩亏损高场强元素,富集大离子亲石元素,稀土元素配分曲线呈典型的右倾状,显示出轻稀土富集、重稀土相对亏损的特点。主量元素和微量元素成矿指示方面的研究结果表明:与普朗38个与成矿有关的石英闪长玢岩的全岩数据相比,地苏嘎石英闪长玢岩具有相对较低的SiO₂和Y含量、较高的∑REE和(La/Yb)_N比值,但二者的Al₂O₃/(CaO+Na₂O+K₂O)比值及MnO含量差别不大。在成矿与非成矿斑岩的SiO₂- Al₂O₃/(CaO+Na₂O+K₂O)和Y-MnO图解中,地苏嘎石英闪长玢岩与普朗石英闪长玢岩数据投图结果类似。此外,地苏嘎斑岩体在物探异常、化探异常及遥感影像特征上具有明显的矿化标志,同时岩体的剥蚀深度小于侵位深度,有利于矿床的保存。以上研究结果表明地苏嘎斑岩体具有成为斑岩型铜矿床的潜力。     

Ages and Sources of Ore‐Related Porphyries at Yongping Cu–Mo Deposit in Jiangxi Province,Southeast China

Whole‐rock geochemistry, zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os geochronology, and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes analyses were performed on ore‐related dacite porphyry and quartz porphyry at the Yongping Cu–Mo deposit in Southeast China. The geochemical results show that these porphyry stocks have similar REE patterns, and primitive mantle‐normalized spectra show LILE‐enrichment (Ba, Rb, K) and HFSE (Th, Nb, Ta, Ti) depletion. The zircon SHRIMP U–Pb geochronologic results show that the ore‐related porphyries were emplaced at 162–156 Ma. Hydrothermal muscovite of the quartz porphyry yields a plateau age of 162.1 ± 1.4 Ma (2σ). Two hydrothermal biotite samples of the dacite porphyry show plateau ages of 164 ± 1.3 and 163.8 ± 1.3 Ma. Two molybdenite samples from quartz+molybdenite veins contained in the quartz porphyry yield Re–Os ages of 156.7 ± 2.8 Ma and 155.7 ± 3.6 Ma. The ages of molybdenite coeval to zircon and biotite and muscovite ages of the porphyries within the errors suggest that the Mo mineralization was genetically related to the magmatic emplacement. The whole rocks Nd–Sr isotopic data obtained from both the dacite and quartz porphyries suggest partial melting of the Meso‐Proterozoic crust in contribution to the magma process. The zircon Hf isotopic data also indicate the crustal component is the dominated during the magma generation.