基于OptiSystem的GPON光传输链路接收性能的仿真研究

分析了GPON光传输链路的设计原理,阐述了OptiSystem软件针对光纤链路的强大仿真功能。在设计原理的基础上,给出了基于OptiSystem的GPON光传输链路仿真模型。给出针对2.5Gbps下行数据业务和视频业务光链路传输性能的仿真结果,并进行分析。给出相关结论,并指出对光传输链路进行优化需要考虑的问题。     

光纤测温技术在地温场监测中的应用

换热功率计算通常采取热响应试验的方式,仅仅通过热响应试验方式无法直观反映地下不同介质换热性能的差异,光纤测温系统恰恰能弥补这种不足。光纤测温监测与热响应试验相结合这种新技术的应用,在黄泛平原尚属首次,论文通过热响应试验期间的光时域光纤监测,取得了翔实数据的基础上,对比分析了不同岩土层介质的换热性能,采取了光纤地温测量这种新型监测手段,对换热试验前及试验期间地温场变化进行了监测,对合理利用浅层地温能这种新能源提供了参数支持。     

林木冠层光合有效辐射分布模拟的研究

简述了冠层辐射分布的常用研究方法,介绍了光线跟踪技术的原理及其在辐射传播中的应用。针对树木模型提出正向光线跟踪的辐射传输模型,并详细阐述了模型假设、处理流程与主要算法。该模型针对光合有效辐射在树木冠层中的传输过程,采用正向光线跟踪的方法进行模拟,最后利用HSV与RGB颜色空间转换的特殊方法,直观表达了冠层辐射分布结果。在叶片光学特征分析的基础上,将该模型应用于林木冠层PAR分布模拟中,以得到冠层的反射率、透射率和吸收率等重要参数。结果表明,模拟数据与实测数据偏差不大,验证了正向光线跟踪的辐射传输模拟是有效的。     

引力无需时间传播——“由固体潮发现引力以光速传播的观测证据”不成立

重力固体潮调和分析结果无法证明引力以光速传播。首先,根据固体潮理论,进行调和分析时固体潮理论值和观测值的时间序列是同步的,不存在时差;其次,天体起潮力仅与万有引力有关,与光速无关;第三,调和分析得到的潮汐因子仅反映地球介质的物性变化,相位滞后则反映地球介质的粘滞弹性,两者与天体引力及光到达观测点的时差无关;第四,汤克云和骆鸣津在论证过程中作了过多的人为改正,有些改正使用不当;第五,万有引力与引力波是两个不同的概念,万有引力是相互作用的两个物体之间的一种空间性质,它与两个彼此相互作用的物体同在,无需时间传播,而引力波是一种时空涟漪,需要在特定条件下产生,通过波的形式从辐射源以光速向外传播,并以引力辐射的形式传输能量,两者不可混淆。汤克云与骆鸣津认为,重力固体潮理论值隐含两个假设：1）引力以光速传播;2）引力及光的时差等于重力固体潮调和分析结果的时差。这两个假设并不成立,汤克云与骆鸣津关于引力是以光速传播的论证是一个误会,引力不需要时间传播。     

地震仪数据传输距离扩展方案设计

在一些实际的地震观测应用中,尤其对于一体化井下地震仪,有时需要完成远距离信号传输,而现有数据收发方案传输距离较短。本文设计了一种扩展地震仪数据收发距离的方案,该方案先对数据接口进行转换,然后将电信号转为光信号,利用光纤信号传输距离远的特点延长了数据传输距离。同时,该方案使用单芯光纤传输,减轻了数据线缆重量,为地震仪的安装使用提供了便利。     

光纤中的非线性效应对高斯光脉冲传输的影响

非线性效应和色散都是影响光脉冲在光纤中传输的重要因素,在反常色散区,色散和非线性效应的相互平衡可实现光孤子传输;在正常色散区,二者的相互作用可用于光脉冲的压缩.因此,两种效应对光脉冲传输的影响一直受到人们的广泛关注.从光脉冲的非线性薛定谔方程出发,在忽略色散的条件下,推导并模拟了自相位调制(SPM)非线性效应下的高斯光脉冲的非线性相移、频率啁啾;数值模拟了SPM下不同最大相移时无啁啾和有正啁啾时高斯光脉冲的频谱.讨论了SPM效应对高斯光脉冲频谱的影响.     

预啁啾和脉冲沿锐度对光脉冲线性传输的影响

从忽略光纤非线性效应的光脉冲非线性薛定谔方程出发,在光纤正色散区,利用傅立叶变换和反傅立叶变换模拟了不同初始啁啾的二阶与四阶超高斯光脉冲波形随距离的三维演化.分析讨论了脉冲沿锐度以及脉冲预啁啾对脉冲波形演化的综合影响.结果表明:不论脉冲有无预啁啾,光脉冲波形最终都将随着传输距离的增大而展宽.但是负预啁啾将使脉冲波形在脉冲传输的初始阶段发生严重的畸变,即脉冲会分裂成尖峰结构,并且尖峰的数目和能量分布随距离而变.而当预啁啾为正或零时,脉冲前期的畸变很弱.随着脉冲沿锐度的增大,脉冲畸变会加强.此外,在脉冲的前后边缘会出现矮小的峰.整个脉冲波形都是中心对称的.     

光强变化对雨滴半径反演值的影响

根据建立的光学反演雨滴半径数学模型，分析了发光管发光功率和光电探测器光电流的变化对雨滴半径测量值的影响。文章认为：环境温度对由近红外发射管、光电探测器构成的传感器系统的综合影响不可忽视，需作相应修正。     

浅析干涉与衍射的差异

本文从光的传播是否遵守几何光学定律,以及解两者问题的数学工具不同、条纹分布不同等特点来分析干涉与衍射的差异。     

高逼真度虚拟森林环境的半球成像方法模拟分析

半球成像方法可广泛应用于植被结构参数及冠层光合有效辐射测量等领域。高逼真度虚拟森林环境的半球成像方法模拟及验证可用于定量评估半球成像方法测量精度及地面验证研究。但高逼真度虚拟森林环境下半球成像方法模拟面临场景复杂度高、面片数巨大、模拟效率低等难题。首先,论文以高逼真度虚拟森林环境构建原理建立了不同林分密度、树木分布模式、场景大小及树木种类等特征的虚拟森林环境库;然后,在采用光线跟踪算法开展半球成像方法模拟时,对比分析了4种数据结构分割平面搜索方法,即空间中分法、对象中分法、启发式排序法和启发式BIN分区法,结果表明,启发式排序法性能最佳;最后,以高逼真度虚拟森林环境库,对比分析了传统方法、Kdtree、BVH、Octree 4种数据结构方案组织、管理单树几何模型及虚拟森林场景两级数据集效率,并选择场景节点遍历数、单树几何模型节点遍历数、单树几何模型遍历数、面片遍历数及平均计算时间等参数作为衡量数据结构组织方案性能的定量化指标,研究发现Kdtree数据结构方案较其他3种数据结构方案更为优越,因此,其可作为高逼真度虚拟森林环境库的半球成像方法模拟之首选。     

绝对重力仪激光器光纤对准调节方法概述

绝对重力仪激光器光纤由于应力变化、形状改变、震动或耦合器维护等原因破坏了输出激光的偏振态,使其在光纤内的传输变得非常不稳定,导致光纤输出激光的消光比值小于100,无法满足绝对重力观测条件。针对该问题,介绍了光纤对准调节的方法,通过设计消光比检测装置检验消光比值是否大于100。对#181和#250两台WEO100型He-Ne激光器的光纤进行对准调节实验,并通过消光比检测装置实测,两台激光器输出的光束消光比值满足绝对重力测量的条件,表明该对准调节方法科学有效。     

有线光纤电视综述

有线电视ＣＡＴＶ正在迅速深入千家万户。有线光纤电视网将是２１世纪地面的主要广播形式。“信息高速公路”是将电脑、电话、电视结合在一起的通信网络。有线光纤电视网是“信息高速公路”的重要组成部分之一     

Monitoring and warning of landslides and debris flows using an optical fiber sensor technology

Landslides and debris flows are typical geo-hazards which occur in hilly or mountainous regions. Debris flows may result from landslides. Geotechnical instrumentation plays an important role in monitoring and warning of landslides and resulted debris flows. Traditional technologies for monitoring landslides and debris flows have certain limitations. The new optical fiber sensors presented in this paper can overcome those limitations. This paper presents two new optical fiber sensor systems: one is the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)-based in-place inclinometer for monitoring landslides and the other is the FBG-based column-net system for monitoring debris flows. This paper presents the calibration results of FBG-based in-place inclinometers in laboratory. It is found that the calibration results are in good agreement with theoretical results. Both the FBG-based in-place inclinometers and the FBG-based column-net system have been installed at a site in Weijiagou valley, Beichuan County, Sichuan Province of China. Some preliminary results have been obtained and reported in the paper. The advantages of the FBG monitoring systems and their potential applications are also presented.     

Comparative study of two carbon fiber cathodes and theoretical analysis in microbial fuel cells on ocean floor

Cathode activity plays an important role in the improvement of the microbial fuel cells on ocean floor(BMFCs). A comparison study between Rayon-based(CF-R) and PAN-based carbon fiber(CF-P) cathodes is conducted in the paper. The two carbon fibers were heat treated to improve cell performance(CF-R-H CF-P-H), and were used to build a new BMFCs structure with a foamy carbon anode. The maximum power density was 112.42 mW m-for CF-R-H, followed by 66.6 mW m-2 for CF-R, 49.7 mW m-2 for CF-P-H and 21.6 mW m-2 for CF-P respectively. The higher specific area and deep groove make CF-R have a better power output than with CF-P. Meanwhile, heat treatment of carbon fiber can improve cell power, nearly two-fold higher than heat treatment of plain fiber. This improvement may be due to the quinones group formation to accelerate the reduction of oxygen and electron transfer on the fiber surface in the three phase boundary after heat treatment. Compared to PAN-based carbon fiber, Rayon-based carbon fiber would be preferentially selected as cathode in novel BMFCs design due to its high surface area, low cost and higher power. The comparison research is significant for cathode material selection and cell design.     

数字化雷达软件

以基于网卡的光纤遥控系统和有线拨号ＭＯＤＥＭ遥控系统为基础,分析了数字化雷达遥控系统的软件设计方法,给出了软件流程图。另外,介绍了ＳＶＧＡ显示卡中数字化雷达软件常用的３种显示模式,分析了在ＤＯＳ、ＷＩＮＤＯＷＳ环境下雷达图象处理软件的编制要点。     

现代通信技术的进展与评论

本文针对各种现代通信技术,包括综合业务数字网、光纤通信、卫星通信、高速传真、微波接力通信、HF/UHF移动通信以及短波通信等的发展动向和进展情况作了简要介绍,并进行了分析和评论,对加速气象通信现代化提出了对策。     

页岩气藏清水压裂悬砂效果提升实验

针对页岩气藏压裂中清水压裂悬砂效果较差问题,分析压裂液和支撑剂性质,通过实验提出增强清水压裂悬砂效果方法:纤维复合清水压裂液技术和超低密度支撑剂技术.结果表明:纤维的加入不仅使清水压裂液的悬砂性能得到提高,同时还可以显著降低液体摩阻.低密度支撑剂可以降低沉降速度50%以上.综合采用纤维复合清水压裂液技术和超低密度支撑剂技术,支撑剂2h的沉降率为17%.不仅可以提高清水压裂的开发效果,还可以降低对地面泵车排量的要求,对于页岩气藏的开发具有指导意义.     

Distributed fiber optic monitoring and stability analysis of a model slope under surcharge loading

In the discipline of geotechnical engineering, fiber optic sensor based distributed monitoring has played an increasingly important role over the past few decades. Compared with conventional sensors, fiber optic sensors have a variety of exclusive advantages, such as smaller size, higher precision, and better corrosion resistance. These innovative monitoring technologies have been successfully applied for performance monitoring of geo-structures and early warning of potential geo- hazards around the world. In order to investigate their ability to monitor slope stability problems, a medium-sized model of soil nailed slope has been constructed in laboratory. The fully distributed Brillouin optical time-domain analysis （BOTDA） sensing technology was employed to measure the horizontal strain distributions inside the model slope. During model construction, a specially designed strain sensing fiber was buried in the soil mass. Afterward, the surcharge loading was applied on the slope crest in stages using hydraulic jacks and a reaction frame. During testing, an NBX-6o5o BOTDA sensing interrogator was used to collect the fiber optic sensing data. The test results have been analyzed in detail, which shows that the fiber optic sensors can capture the progressive deformation and failure pattern of the model slope. The limit equilibrium analyses were also conducted to obtain the factors ofsafety of the slope under different surface loadings. It is found that the characteristic maximum strains can reflect the stability of the model slope and an empirical relationship was obtained, This study verified the effectiveness of the distributed BOTDA sensing technology in performance monitoring of slope.