Results of monitoring the geomagnetic variations at the Magadan and Paratunka observatories

We analyze the magnetic tensor and tipper data in the interval of periods from a few minutes to a few hours for the geomagnetic time series of 2007–2008. The frequency responses, the polar diagrams, and the real and imaginary induction arrows which reflect the effects of geoelectric heterogeneities are calculated. The monitoring of the tipper and tensor data series revealed the annual variations in these parameters, which are caused by the changes in the electric conductivity of the lithosphere. The anomalous variations identified in the behavior of the magnetic tipper and tensor are probably due to earthquakes with M ≥ 6.3.     

ZD9大地电场仪

本文介绍了作者研制的一种新型的专用大地电场测量仪器－ＺＤ９大地电场仪，着重介绍了该仪器的主要技术指标、工作原理、主要功能及技术特点等。该仪器可用于大地电场常规观测及运用大地电场张量法进行深电部率探测，还可以用于其它需要多路数字采集的场合，经过各种性能试验和地震现场长期使用，该仪器能够满足大地电场观测的需要。     

The use of invariant MTS curves in deep magnetotelluric studies

Invariant amplitude curves of the phase tensor are shown to be applicable to the geoelectric model reconstruction in the lower part of the section even if its upper part includes geoelectric heterogeneities described by the tensor of galvanic distortions. The use of other types of invariant curves provides reliable constraints on the deep structure of the section only if the upper part of the section does not contain contrasting geoelectric heterogeneities.     

非均匀半无限介质中振荡电偶极子地表电场的理论公式和计算方法

根据Naxwell方程，首先引入赫兹矢量，导出了层状介中电偶极子源激发电场的亥姆霍兹方程和边界条件，并对其进行求解，得到了地表电场表达式，对于分布有断层的层状介质根据Maxell方程，引入格林张量，导出了地表电场的积分表达式，从而为地电场变化的数值模拟研究提供了理论公式。     

地震地电方法在天祝—景泰6.2级地震前的预测预报

本文通过对天祝—景泰6.2级地震监测预报工作全过程的研究,展示了地电方法监测预报地震的新进展。另外,对如何运用地电场的分布变化规律及地电阻率异常时间、幅度的特征进行监测预报作了探讨。     

嘉峪关地电场观测资料分析

研究了大地电场变化的基本要素,对嘉峪关地电场观测资料的质量进行了评价和分析,得到:嘉峪关台地电场观测基本反映了地电场的真实变化,特别对大地电场变化的记录准确.并研究了嘉峪关台附近及周围发生的4次中强地震前地电场、大地电场短临前兆现象,认为震前都显示了一定的短临异常.     

磁暴感应地电场波形反演

研究表明,同一区域地电暴记录与地磁场变化率在形态、幅度及周期成分上呈现出较强的相关性。采用磁暴期间电磁场观测数据,基于一维水平层状电性介质模型对地电暴波形进行拟合,反演地下介质电性结构。结果表明,地电暴拟合波形与观测记录一致性较好,利用反演确定的大地电性结构参数和其他磁暴事件,计算得到的理论感应地电场与观测结果相符合。     

地电场观测技术研究

在概要分析地电场及地电场观测系统的基础上，从地电场测量原理出发，着重研究地电场观测系统的各个关键技术环节（包括Pb-PbCl2固体不极化电极、ZD9A地电场仪等）的工作原理、技术指标、工作方式以及系统连接等，并地电场试验观测台网产出的数据进行相应的分析，地电场是一个重要的地球物理场，已获得的各种观测资料表明，基于“ZD9A地电场仪”的地电场观测网，真正记录到了地球表面的地电场及地空变化，地电场观测系统将为进一步开展地球电磁学的综合观测和研究提供技术上的支持。     

基于铅电极的大地电场潮汐响应初步研究

本文对昌黎台地电场6个分量2009年全年的小时值进行了频谱分析,分析结果清楚地显示了日波动、半日波动和三分之一波动。研究人员对该台地电场EW向长极距2009年1月1日～31日的数字化观测资料进行了小波分析,提取到了地电场固体潮半日波和周日波。昌黎台利用铅电极进行地电场观测,不仅观测到了磁场的相关信息,并能较好地观测到潮汐响应,这在全国是首例。     

Method of pseudotopography: A new approach to analysis of magnetovariational and magnetotelluric data

The method of pseudotopography is a new mode of representing magnetotelluric and magnetovariational data based on a 3-D generalization of geoelectric pseudosections widely used at the stage of qualitative interpretation. The paper considers a synthetic model whose layers, imitating the sedimentary cover, crust, and upper mantle, contain a poorly conductive and a few highly conductive prisms differing in strike. The pseudotopography of apparent resistivities demonstrates the static superposition effect: the effects of near-surface chaotic heterogeneities (geoelectric noise) together with the near-surface and crustal prisms are superimposed on the effect of the mantle prism, distorting the information on the deep structure of the Earth. However, the pseudotopographies of the Wiese-Parkinson matrix, horizontal magnetic tensor, phase tensor, and phases of the impedance tensor are free from the superposition effect: arising at definite frequencies, geoelectric noise and the effects of the shallower prisms decay with decreasing frequency, making the effects of deeper prisms recognizable. Thus, it is clearly demonstrated that magnetovariational and phase estimates, being independent of static distortion, can provide reliable information on the deep structure of the Earth and significantly enhance the effectiveness of magnetotellurics.     

基于GEI方法对苏皖地区地电活动指数的可靠性研究

使用地电扰动幅度与静日变化幅值比的地电活动指数(GEI)计算方法,连续计算江苏、安徽两省6个地电场台站2018年第一季度的单台地电指数D、平均地电指数Ds。同时将地电指数D、Ds与单台地磁指数K、平均地磁指数K(即[K+0.5])对比得到:86.48%的指数D与指数K完全相同或仅相差1,89.44%的指数D s与指数完全相同或仅相差1。两类电、磁指数的高度吻合说明:(1)连续产出的地电指数是可靠的。(2)地电指数D、Ds可以量化界定地电场活动水平。极个别的地电指数D、Ds与地磁指数K、仍存在一定差异,这与地电场台站观测有关,提升地电场观测资料的质量能更好地确定地电指数。(3)地电指数与地磁指数相互弥补能更准确地确定地球电磁活动水平,其在相关的地球科学技术领域有广泛的应用前景。     

Multi-dipole observation system and study on the abnormal variation of the geoelectric field observed at Capital Circle area before the Wen'an M_S5.1 earthquake

On July 4,2006,a MS5.1 earthquake occurred in Wen'an county of Hebei Province of which the epicenter is near the Beijing city.The six geoelectric field monitoring stations have been in operation for several years around the Beijing area to examine the relationship between electric field changes and earthquake.This paper firstly explains the principle of the eliminating noise method by using multi-dipole observation system of the geoelectric field.Then the data observed at the stations are studied and a lot ...     

长宁MS6.0地震前后地电场秒数据变化特征研究

地电场是地球电磁场的重要组成部分。 本文利用传统的时间序列统计分析方法, 对重庆市所属仙女山地震台的地电场秒采样观测数据变化特性进行了研究和讨论。 结果显示: ① 长宁M_S6.0地震前后, 在距离震中390 km的仙女山地震台, 记录到了地电场异常变化; ② 仙女山台地电场异常变化的平均方位角为N77.55°E, 大约由长宁M_S6.0地震震中位置指向仙女山地震台方向; ③ 仙女山地震台的典型地电场异常变化为间歇性不定周期变化, 在长宁M_S6.0地震发震前8天开始密集出现, 震后第4天以后, 逐步转化为较高频率扰动变化; ④ 仙女山台地电场异常变化成簇出现, 每一簇变化由多组按照非线性规律衰减的阶跃变化信号组合叠加而成。 综合分析认为: 长宁M_S6.0地震前后地电场异常变化, 主要与发震构造裂隙突变和岩体微破裂过程中, 地下流体高压运移产生的过滤电动势有关。     

甘肃张掖MS5.0地震前山丹地电异常探讨

2019年9月16日在甘肃省张掖市甘州区发生M_S5.0地震,震前山丹地电阻率和地电场观测资料出现了较为明显的短临异常,震中距63 km。本文对该异常进行分析总结,排除周围观测环境,观测系统,自然环境,磁暴等因素外,认为该异常是较为可信的地震前兆异常。地电阻率观测资料异常形态NS测道表现为转折快速上升-缓慢下降,EW测道为转折缓慢上升,N45°W测道为缓慢下降-转折缓慢上升。地电场观测资料异常形态长极距NS道、长极距N45°E道、短极距NS道表现为转折同步缓慢上升,长极距EW道和短极距EW道转折同步缓慢下降,短极距N45°E道异常不明显。地震在异常持续过程中出现转折变化或上升(下降)速率发生改变时发生。     

利用ANSYS数值模拟河水涨落对地电观测的影响

利用ANSYS作为分析平台数值模拟了观测系统距河道不同距离情况下,由河水涨落引起的浅层局部电性非均匀性对地电观测数据的影响,总结了观测系统距河道远近与观测数据误差大小的关系。分析结果对地电观测台站选址、及其观测数据误差校正具有参考价值。     

甘肃大地电场的变化特征分析

对甘肃省平凉、松山、古丰、山丹、高台、嘉峪关、瓜州7个台站的地电场分钟值、小时值的日变特征进行了对比,对2012年3月地电场小时值进行了频谱分析,同时结合地磁场H分量、分量应变(固体潮)进行了对比分析。结果表明:1地电场静日的日变化都很明显,呈明显"双峰"和"单谷"形态,并且NS向与EW向变化形态基本相同;各台站同测向及相互之间的自相关系数基本在0.85;不同台站之间同测向的相关系数多数在0.75以上;这是地磁场H分量与固体潮共同影响的结果。2通过频谱分析各台站的优势周期主要以12h和8h为主,但存在差异性,谱值最大相差20倍。3各台站的日变幅也不尽相同,其中,差异性主要表现为与地磁场和固体潮影响量的差异性,并与台站的位置、地质构造、电性结构、浅层电阻率等有很大关系。     

Transient response of a homogeneous half space with due regard for displacement currents

The solution for the half-space model is represented directly in the time domain as computationally stable convolution integrals. The influence of the geoelectric parameters of the earth and transmitter current waveform are then investigated for both infinitesimal and finite-dimensional transmitter loops. Simple empirical formulae are derived to account for the finite duration of the transmitter current turn off time.The whole transient process is divided into three essentially different stages: the propagation stage, the intermediate stage and the diffusion stage. The first is characterized by extremely complicated signal behavior. Apparently, interpretation of the field data using any kind of model fitting inversion algorithm is impossible in this stage. The diffusion stage virtually coincides with that used in the quasi-static case and is, therefore, unsuitable for detecting the dielectric properties of the earth. The intermediate stage is, thus, the only possible time range in which the dielectric properties can be detected using the dynamic characteristics of the signal.The duration of each stage is evaluated depending on the geoelectric parameters of the earth for different transmitter current waveforms.     

NUMERICAL MODELLING OF STANDARD AND CONTINUOUS VERTICAL ELECTRICAL SOUNDINGS1

Analytical solutions of vertical electrical soundings (VES) have mostly been applied to groundwater exploration and monitoring groundwater quality on terrains of fairly simple geology and geomorphology on which the electrode arrays are symmetrical (e.g. Schlumberger or Wenner configurations). The sounding interpretation assumes flat topography and horizontally stratified layers. Any deviations from these simple situations may be impossible to interpret analytically. The recently developed GEA-58 geoelectrical instrument can make continuous soundings along a profile with any colinear electrode configuration. This paper describes the use of finite-difference and finite-element methods to model complex earth resistivity distributions in 2D, in order to calculate apparent resistivity responses to any colinear current electrode distribution in terrains in which the earth resistivities do not vary along the strike. The numerical model results for simple situations are compared with the analytical solutions. In addition, a pseudo-depth section of apparent resistivities measured in the field with the GEA-58 is compared with the numerical solution of a real complex resistivity distribution along a cross-section. The model results show excellent agreement with the corresponding analytical and experimental data.     

Multi-dipole observation system and study on the abnormal variation of the geoelectric field observed at Capital Circle area before the Wen’an <Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript>S</Subscript>5.1 earthquake

On July 4, 2006, a M_S5.1 earthquake occurred in Wen’an county of Hebei Province of which the epicenter is near the Beijing city. The six geoelectric field monitoring stations have been in operation for several years around the Beijing area to examine the relationship between electric field changes and earthquake. This paper firstly explains the principle of the eliminating noise method by using multi-dipole observation system of the geoelectric field. Then the data observed at the stations are studied and a lot of abnormal signals preceding the Wen’an earthquake are selected, of which five abnormal signals of the geoelectric field are finally recognized as the precursory signals. The result shows that ? there probably exists the precursory signals of the geoelectric field preceding the Wen’an earthquake; ? there are sensitive sites in the spatial distribution of the abnormal variation of the geoelectric field before the quack; ? the anomalous signals do not appear synchronously, and their durations are not same at different stations; ? the amplitudes of the abnormal signals recorded at Baodi station are small, but large at Changli station, while the latter is farther from the epicentral area than the former.     

地电扰动指数GEI研究

本文应用中国大陆地区11个地电场台站5.5年（2012-01-01—2017-05-31）中磁静日和磁扰日的观测数据,并联系地电场变化敏感响应地下介质非均匀性和空间电磁活动的特点,发展了地电扰动指数,即消除静日地电变化的幅值比地电指数（GEI）.对比各台站的地电指数与地磁指数,87.43%的单台地电指数D与单台地磁指数K在数值上完全相同或相差1,93.75%的单台平均地电指数Ds与单台平均地磁指数[K+0.5]（四舍五入）相同或仅相差1,说明地电指数能用于量化界定地电扰动水平,如同地磁指数量化界定磁扰水平.地电指数将服务于地球电磁环境监测、科学研究等领域,同时也可以用来评估地电场观测数据的质量.