U—Pb Dating of Marble Assoicated With Eclogite from the Dabie Mountains,East China

Marble is associated with ultrahigh pressure eclogite in the Dabie Mountains, East China. U-Pb isotope data for the marble define a²³⁸U-²⁰⁶Pb isochron age of 435 ± 45 Ma with an initial²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb value of 18.075 ± 0.006. The age of ∼435 Ma is interpreted to represent the time of limestone diagenesis rather than the time of metamorphic resetting accompanied by the formation of the ultrahigh pressure eclogites at Triassic. The paleontologic and stratigraphic studies also favor a local excursion in the carbon isotopic composition of the latest Ordovician water within a sedimentary basin between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons. Because the latest Ordovician limestone was involved in the eclogite formation, the continental collision between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean plates would postdate Ordovician. This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

Sr,Nd,Pb Isotope Geochemistry and Magma Evolution of the Potassic Volcanic Rocks,Wudalianchi,Northeast China

Wudalianchi volcanic rocks are the most typical Cenozoic potassic volcanic rocks in easten China.Compositional comparisons between whole rocks and glasses of various occurrences indicate that the magma tends to become rich in silica and alkalis as a result of crystal differentiation in the course of evolu-tion.They are unique in isotopic composition with more radiogenic Sr but less radiogenic Pb.^87Sr/^86Sr is higher and ^143Nd/^144Nd is lower than the undifferentiated global values.In comparison to continental pot-ash volcanic rocks,Pb isotopes are apparently lower.These various threads of evidence indicate that the rocks were derived from a primary enriched mantle which had not been subjected to reworking and shows no sign of incorporation of crustal material.The correlation between Pb and Sr suggests the regional heterogeneity in the upper mantle in terms of chemical composition.     

Cretaceous Volcanic Events in Southeastern Jilin Province, China: Evidence from Single Zircon U-Pb Ages

Mesozoic volcanic rocks in southeastern Jilin Province are an important component of the huge Mesozoic volcanic belt in the northeastern area. Study of the age of their formation is of great significance to recognize Mesozoic volcanic rule in northeastern China. Along with the research of rare Mesozoic biota and extensive Mesozoic mineralization in western Liaoning, a number of researchers have focused on Mesozoic volcanic events. The authors studied the ages of the Cretaceous volcanic rocks in southeastern Jilin Province using single Zircon U-Pb. The result shows that the Sankeyushu Formation volcanic rocks in the Tonghua area are 119.2 Ma in age, the Yingcheng Formation in the Jiutai area 113.4±3.1 Ma, the Jinjiatun Formation in Pinggang Town of Liaoyuan City and the Wufeng volcanic rocks in the Yanji area 103.2±4.7 Ma and 103.6±1 Ma, respectively. Combined with the data of recent publication on volcanic rocks ages; the Cretaceous volcanic events in southeastern Jilin Province can be tentatively subdivided into three eruption periods： 119 Ma, 113 Ma and 103 Ma. The result not only provides important chronology data for subdividing Mesozoic strata in southeastern Jilin Province, establishing Mesozoic volcanic event sequence, discussing geological tectonic background, and surveying the relation between noble metals to the Cretaceous volcanic rocks, but also offers important information of Mesozoic volcanism in northeastern China.     

Sm—Nd and Zircon U—Pb Isotopic Constraints on the Age of Formation of the Precambrian Crust in Southeast China

Nd model ages(TDM) of the Pre-Mesozoic crustal rock samples from Southeast China range from 1.2 to 3.5Ga.Two age peaks of 1.4Ga and 1.8 Ga are observed in the histogram of TDM model ages.Available U-Pb zircon inheritance ages are concentrated around 1.2-1.4Ga,1.8Ga and 2.5Ga,respectively.The combined use of Sm-Nd and U-Pb zircon inheritance ages suggests that the formation of the Precambrian curst is of episodic character.The oldest crustal nucleus may have been formed during the Late Archean(2.5Ga or older?).A rapid production of the crust took place 1.8 Ga ago,consistent with the global crust formation event at 1.7-1.9Ga.Another important episode of the addition of juvenile crustal material from the mantle in Southeast China took place 1.2-1.4Ga ago,during which the pre-existing crust was strongly reworked and/or remelted.     

Crust-Mantle Interaction in Dabie Orogenic Belt, Central China： Geochemical Evidence from Late Cretaceous Basalts

It has been suggested that eclogites in the Dabie orogenic belt are exhumation prod-ucts, which had subducted into the deep-seated mantle and undergone ultra-high pressure meta-morphism during the Triassic. But no direct evidence supports this process except the calculated p-T conditions from mineral thermobarometem. The Late Cretaceous basalts studied in the pres-ent paper, however, have provided some geochemical evidence for crust-mantle interaction in the area. These basalts are distributed in Mesozoic faulted basins in central and southern Dabieorogenic belt. Since little obvious contamination from continental crust and differentiation-crys-tallization were observed, it is suggested, based on a study of trace elements, that the basaltsare alkaline and resultant from batch partial melting of the regional mantle rocks, and share thesame or similar geochemical features with respect to their magma source. In the spider diagram normalized by the primitive mantle, trace element geochemistry data show that their mantle sources are enriched in certain elements concentrated in the continental crust, such as Pb, K,Rb and Ba, and slightly depleted in some HFSE such as Hf, P and Nb. Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic com-positions further suggest the mantle is the mixture of depleted mantle (DM) and enriched one(EMI EMII). This interaction can .explain the trace element characteristics of basaltic mag-mas, i.e.,the enrichment of Pb and the depletion of Hf, P and Nb in basalts can be interpre-ted by the blending of the eclogites in DOB (enriched in Pb and depleted in Hf, P and Nd)with the East China depleted mantle (As compared to the primitive mantle, it is neither en-riched in Pb nor depleted in Hf, P and Nb). It is also indicated that the eclogites in the Dahieorogenic belt were surely derived from the exhumation materials, which had delaminated into thedeep-seated mantle. Moreover, the process subsequently resulted in compositional variation of the mantle (especially in trace elements and isotopes) , as revealed by the late mantle-derivedbasalts in the Dabie orogenic belt.     

Tectonic Environments of Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks in China and Characteristics of the Source Regions in the Mantle

Extensive volcanism is one of the important features of Cenozoic geology in China.Based on temporal-spatial distribution,the volcanism was associated with three major different geological settings:1)the continental rift basalts in Northeast and North China;2)the tension-fault basalts on the continental margins of Southeast China; and 3) the collision-zone high-K volcanics in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its vicinities.The characteristics of “depletion in the south and enrichment in the north“of the China continental mantle are strongly supported by isotopic evidence.The Cenozoic continental cal characters,into the following geochemical provinces:1)the depleted mantle in South China;2)the primary mantle in Northeast and NorthChina; 3)the hybrid and transi-tional mantle in the region of Shandong ,Anhui,Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang;4)the depleted mantle around the Bohai Bay and the Lower Liaohe River;5)the K-metasomatic enriched mantle in the northern part of Northeast China;and 6)the re-cycled enriched mantle in the ancient subduction zone in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its surround-ings.These geochemical characteristics on a regional scale must be a reflection of the nature of lithosphere evolution.     

Characteristics of the Two Types of Granits at Sikongshan in the Eastern Part of the Dabieshan Mountains

It has been shown from petrologic,geochemical,trace element and REE evidence that the gran-ite intrusions at Sikongshan,Anhui Province,can be assigned to two distinct types which are radically different in age and origin.The Precambrian gneissic granited resulted from remelting of old continental crust while the Mesozoic granites were derived ,also through remelting,from low-Rb/Sr rocks at greater depths.Granite masses at Tiantangzhai and Zhoujiawan in the Dabieshan Mountains are also dicussed.     

Indosinian Tectonic Setting of the Southern Yidun Arc： Constraints from SHRIMP Zircon Chronology and Geochemistry of Dioritic Porphyries and Granites

A mass of granitoid and dioritic intrusions are distributed in the southern Yidun Arc, among which the representative Indosinian intrusions include the Dongco and Maxionggou granitoid intrusions in Daocheng County and hypabyssal intrusions intruding into arc volcanic rocks near the Xiangcheng town. The Dongco and Maxionggou granitoid intrusions consist mainly of porphyraceous monzogranites, megacryst monzogranites and aplite granites. The Xiangcheng hypabyssal intrusions are composed dominantly of dioritic porphyries. SHRIMP zircon ages of 224±3 Ma and 222±3 Ma have been obtained for the Dongco granitoid intrusion and the Xiangcheng dioritic porphyries, respectively. The Xiongcheng dioritic porphyries show a cak-alkaline geochemical feature, and are characterized by higher Sr/Y ratios, depletive Nb, Ta, P and Ti, enriched LILEs, and lower εNd (t) (= -3.27), suggesting that they might be derived from mantle source magmas that were obviously contaminated by continent crustal materials. However, the Dongco and Maxionggou granitoids belong to high-potassium calc alkaline series with a per-metaluminous feature, and are characterized by higher CaO/(∑FeO+MgO) and Al2O3/(∑FeO+ MgO) ratios, lower (La/Yb)n and Sr/Y ratios, depletive Nb, Ta, Sr, P and Ti, enriched LILEs, and very low εNd (t) (= -8.10), indicating that the granitoids might be derived from partial melting of continental crust materials mainly of graywacke. Petrogenesis of Dongco and Maxionggou granitoids implies that there was an oceanic crust between the Zongza continental block (ZCB) and western margin of the Yangtze Craton (WMYZC). And the oceanic crust slab subducted westward during the Indosinian Epoch, producing an Andes-type continent marginal arc and a back arc basin at the WMSCC. Then the oceanic basin closed and a sinistrally lateral collision occurred at ca. 224 Ma-222 Ma between the ZCB and the WMYZC, causing partial melting of sediments in the back-arc basin to generate granitoid magmas of the Dongco and Maxionggou intrusions.     

Rb—Sr and U—Pb Dating of the Daguzhai and Luobuli Granitic Massifs in South China

Rb-Sr and U-Pb isotopic studies of the two contrasting granite types of the Daguzhai and Luobuli massifs in South China provide new constraints on the interpretation of isotopic age data for plutonic igneous rocks. A Rb-Sr internal isochron age of 146±7Ma for the Luobuli adamellite is interpreted to represent the age of magma crystallization, whereas the whole rock Rb- Sr isochron yields an older apparent age of 161±10Ma which is regarded as resulting from contamination processes affecting the petrogenesis of this adamellite. In the Daguzhai granite the marked scatter of whole- rock Rb-Sr data in isochron diagram is ascribed to the open system behavior of Rb during postmagmatic autometasomatism. Uniformity of initial⁸⁷Sr /⁸⁶Sr ratio in this granite is indicated in a plot of⁸⁷Sr versus⁸⁶Sr. The autometasomatism has also affected zircon U-Pb system, resulting in a spread of data along the concordia curve between 165 and 125Ma. This spread is regarded as indicating the duration of the autometasomatism.     

A Correction Approach to the Common Pb Contribution to ^207Pb／^206Pb Ratios Obtained by the Zircon Evaporation Technique

An approach is recommended for the correction of common Pb contribution to ^207Pb/^206Pb ages obtained by the zircon evaporation technique.A comparison with that by Cocherie et al.(1992)shows that two approaches yield similar results in the ^207Pb*/^206Pb* ratios.But when using the new approach,only two errors of the measured ^204Pb/^206Pb and ^207Pb/^207Pb ratios are introduced to the calculated ^207Pb^*/^206Pb^* ratios.     

北大别东部白垩纪埃达克质火山岩及其锆石U-Pb年代学

北大别东部中生代火山岩以富Na(Na2O=4.03%,Na2O/K2O=1.31)、高Al2O3(15.30%)、高Sr(865μg/g)和Ba(1361μg/g)含量及高Sr/Y比值(66.1),贫Nb、Y和HREE,轻、重稀土元素的分馏程度强犤(La/Yb)N=26.6犦为特征,岩石地球化学的特征类似于埃达克岩。火山岩中锆石的U-Pb年龄为(129.2±2.6)Ma,属早白垩世。这套火山岩与北淮阳地区中生代的火山岩不仅形成时代相近,地球化学性质相似,而且其中矿物形成的温度压力条件也很类似。结果表明:(1)大别造山带早白垩世前曾发生过山根的拆沉和镁铁质-超镁铁质岩浆的底侵作用;(2)北大别地区早白垩世岩浆作用比较强烈,不仅有超镁铁-镁铁质岩浆的侵入、片麻岩穹隆的侵位,还有一定规模的火山喷发和花岗质岩浆的侵入;(3)北大别东部中生代火山岩可能属北淮阳中生代火山-侵入岩带的一部分;(4)北大别中生代火山岩残留顶盖的存在说明至少早白垩世以来大别造山带的剥蚀规模不会很大。     

大别山北缘金刚台火山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及构造意义

位于大别山造山带北淮阳火山岩带中段的金刚台火山岩的形成时代一直存在争议。新的地质观察表明,其不整合于早白垩世商城岩体之上,不应当归属为侏罗纪。对金刚台火山岩3个样品进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,其中喷出相的黑云母粗面岩(B09)年龄为(128.4±3.6)Ma,次火山相的闪长玢岩(B21)年龄为(129.1±2.2)Ma,靠近火山岩层底部的粗安岩(B26)年龄为(129±2)Ma。样品B09的测年数据误差较大,B21和B26则非常一致,表明金刚台火山岩形成于129Ma,火山喷发持续时间较短。金刚台火山岩是大别造山带早白垩世巨量岩浆爆发事件的产物。结合前人的研究成果,区域火山地质特征和商城岩体剥露机制的综合分析表明:(1)金刚台火山岩形成之前,区域发生了强烈的挤压隆升;(2)金刚台火山岩是造山带岩石圈拆沉作用的产物;(3)火山岩形成后区域进入长时间的岩石圈伸展阶段,因而129Ma是大别山地区构造转换的分界时间。     

滇西腾冲地块东南缘早白垩世火山岩锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义

滇西腾冲地块东侧高黎贡变质岩带,发育一套浅变质的沉积岩地层,其时代不明。本次1:5万区域地质调查在潞西市轩岗乡团坡地层剖面中,确定了该套地层含有酸性火山岩夹层,获得火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为121.4±1.4Ma。这一结果表明该套地层的时代为早白垩世;同时也揭示研究区存在早白垩世火山活动,其成因可能与怒江洋盆的闭合有关。     

滇西龙陵-瑞丽断裂带早白垩世火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和地球化学特征

通过对龙陵-瑞丽断裂与主高黎贡断裂夹持区内构造混杂岩进行地质填图和剖面研究,在原划的三叠纪扎多组中发现沿龙陵-瑞丽断裂带呈透镜状断续分布的中酸性火山岩,并获得LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄130.0Ma±1.7Ma,首次证实滇西龙陵-瑞丽断裂带存在早白垩世火山岩。结合岩石学特征和地球化学特征判断该火山岩形成于岛弧环境,可能是早白垩世怒江洋闭合过程中岩浆活动的产物。     

北大别山仙桥中生代酸性火山岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其成矿构造背景

东秦岭-北大别山构造-岩浆演化是热点研究问题,关于该带火山岩喷发时限存在较大的争议,其岩石成因和成岩构造环境尚不清楚。对北大别山西段仙桥膨润土矿床英安岩进行锆石U-Pb同位素测年和岩石地球化学研究,结果表明,仙桥酸性火山岩具有高钾(3.96%~5.01%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O介于7.97%~8.96%之间)、弱过铝质(A/CNK为1.0~1.15)等特点,属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列火山岩。岩石轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损明显,负Eu异常不明显,Nb、Ta亏损明显,且具有高Nb/Ta、(La/Yb)N、Sr/Y值,表现为典型的埃达克质岩石地球化学特征。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年测得,仙桥成矿岩石英安岩喷发年龄为133±1 Ma,与邻区双桥膨润土、皇城山银矿床陈棚组火山岩的年龄一致。研究认为,仙桥火山岩具有埃达克岩的特征,由增厚下地壳物质部分熔融形成,产生于中生代后碰撞构造环境,在133 Ma左右,北大别山仙桥地区还未发生大规模的拆沉减薄的岩浆活动。     

大别山中生代中酸性岩浆岩锆石U-Pb定年、元素和氧同位素地球化学研究

对大别山中生代主簿源、天柱山和团岭中酸性岩浆岩进行了锆石U-Pb定年、全岩主量和微量元素分析以及全岩和单矿物的氧同位素分析。结果表明,这些富钾的中酸性侵入岩表现出明显的轻稀土富集和高场强元素(Nb、P和Ti)负异常,与围岩片麻岩之间具有类似的微量元素分布特征和初始Sr-Nd-Ph同位素组成。锆石U-Pb年龄指示了早白垩世(121～131Ma)的岩浆结晶年龄。通过CL照相和SHRIMP定年在某些锆石颗粒中发现了老的继承核,年龄分别为742～815Ma和222Ma。这些新元古代和三叠纪核年龄分别与大别-苏鲁造山带超高压变火成岩原岩年龄和超高压变质年龄一致。尽管石英和锆石具有较小的δ~(18)O值变化范围(石英:6.30‰～8.66‰,锆石:4.14‰～6.11‰),全岩和其它单矿物氧同位素比值变化较大(全岩:0.07‰～7.13‰,钾长石:0.55‰～7.40‰,斜长石:-4.88‰～6.96‰),大多数锆石具有与正常地幔锆石(5.3±0.3‰)一致的δ~(18)O值。大多数样品的石英-锆石之间保存了氧同位素平衡分馏,而其它矿物(如,钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和角闪石)与锆石之间则大多表现出明显的氧同位素不平衡分馏,指示它们受到了岩浆期后亚固相水-岩相互作用的扰动。元素和同位素特征表明,大别山中生代中性岩起源于加厚基性下地壳的脱水部分熔融,在岩浆侵位过程中伴随有结晶分异作用;而花岗岩则起源于与北大别TTG正片麻岩具有相似化学组成的中性地壳的部分熔融。因此,大别山中生代中酸性岩岩浆源区是三叠纪扬子陆块俯冲产生的加厚地壳,形成机制可能与早白垩世地幔超柱事件热扰动所引起的部分熔融有关。     

火山灰锆石U-Pb定年在沉积岩定年上的应用

本文系统总结了沉积岩定年的意义和常用的定年手段,详细介绍了火山灰锆石U-Pb定年在沉积岩定年上的应用。从火山事件层的分布、火山灰夹层的识别、火山灰锆石的区分、应用实例等方面对前人的研究进行概述,旨在为科研工作者运用火山灰锆石U-Pb定年提供借鉴经验。与传统的成岩矿物K-Ar/Ar-Ar和Rb-Sr定年技术相比,火山灰锆石U-Pb定年在沉积岩定年上具有显著的优势。火山灰夹层具有广泛性和等时性,且锆石U-Pb同位素体系不容易受到扰动,因此火山灰锆石U-Pb定年是高精度沉积岩定年的首选方案。沉积岩定年涉及到野外观察、样品采集、室内岩相学观察及地质年代学分析和年龄解释等多个环节。在这些环节中,识别火山灰夹层是最关键的一点,也是一大难点。这需要明确火山灰夹层的岩石类型并了解火山事件沉积层的分布,在此基础上通过野外观察和室内研究进一步判别,这样可以更加准确地识别出火山灰夹层。此外,火山灰锆石定年需要区分火山灰锆石、碎屑锆石、继承/捕获锆石,可以通过矿物形态学和矿物化学特征来加以区分。

     

滇西龙陵－瑞丽断裂带早白垩世火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和地球化学特征

通过对龙陵-瑞丽断裂与主高黎贡断裂夹持区内构造混杂岩进行地质填图和剖面研究,在原划的三叠纪扎多组中发现沿龙陵-瑞丽断裂带呈透镜状断续分布的中酸性火山岩,并获得LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄130.0Ma±1.7Ma,首次证实滇西龙陵-瑞丽断裂带存在早白垩世火山岩。结合岩石学特征和地球化学特征判断该火山岩形成于岛弧环境,可能是早白垩世怒江洋闭合过程中岩浆活动的产物。     

大别造山带核部桃园寨火山岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

应用U-Pb和二次离子探针(法国产SIMS 1270)U-Pb法对大别造山带核部桃园寨火山岩中的锆石进行了年龄测定,给出其形成年龄为136～129 Ma。这一研究表明,大别造山带核部存在晚侏罗世—早白垩世火山活动和火山盆地,也说明在这一时期,该区的构造环境与北淮阳地区相似。据现残存的火山地貌和标高,及相邻的北淮阳地区的中生代火山盆地及火山沉积物的厚度,推测其剥蚀深度约 3000 m。     

西昆仑上其汗地区火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及构造意义

西昆仑上其汗地区火山岩的时代及归属一直存在争议。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法对该区火山岩中霏细岩进行了测年。阴极发光图像显示,锆石发育对称的生长震荡环带结构,Th/U大部分大于0.4,显示岩浆锆石的特征。测得火山岩的206 Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为(335±4.2)Ma,形成时代为石炭纪,可将其划为阿羌岩组。结合区域地质背景资料,该火山岩可能形成于裂谷环境。