张家口市建设工程的抗震设防

在地震和地震引起的次生灾害中,造成人员伤亡和经济损失最主要的因素就是房屋倒塌.一般我们所采取的主要措施有两种:工程性措施和非工程性措施.非工程性措施主要是指震后救援;工程性措施主要是对建设工程进行抗震设计,"使工程在承受所考虑的荷载或作用下具有一定的安全性",然后按照抗震设计要求进行工程抗震设防.地震安全性评价是抗震设计的一部分,要求所设计的工程在小震下基本无损,无需修理即可继续使用;在中等地震下,经修理后仍可继续使用;在大地震下,可以容许工程破坏,但仍不倒塌,以保证人身安全,即所谓"小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒".由于我国抗震设防工作开展较晚,1976年唐山大地震使整个城市受到毁灭性的破坏.可见,建设工程抗震设防对防御和减轻地震灾害的重要性.     

沿太湖生态旅游带建设的初步研究——以苏州市吴中区为例

基于对苏州市吴中区生态旅游资源优势条件的分析,提出沿太湖建设生态旅游带的构想,从空间格局、旅游资源整合及市场开拓市场定位生态旅游的发展方向,对主要旅游地区提出自然景观与吴文化紧密相融的生态建设方向,优化升级旅游产业、产品结构及生态服务体系建设是引导常规旅游向生态旅游转型的重要措施,阐述了为保护太湖水系水质,必须加强旅游环境的保护与管理。     

Quaternary Tectonic Deformation in Front Area of the Tianjingshan Fault Zone and Analysis of Its Genesis

Through detailed field mapping, the tectonic deformation in the front area of the Tianjingshan fault zone is discussed in this paper. The result shows that there are two Quaternary thrust (oblique) fault-fold belts, namely: the Miaoshan and Hongjianshan fault-fold belts, in the front area of the south wall's strike-slip movement of the Tianjingshan fault zone. The Hejiakouzi Quaternary anticline, which is a part of the Miaoshan fault-fold belt, is mainly discussed. It is pointed out that the fold began to grow in the middle part near Hejiakouzi in the mid-late stage of middle Pleistocene epoch and then gradually developed towards the ends in late Quaternary. Based on the Cenozoic structural features, the genesis of the Miaoshan and Hongjianshan fault-fold belts and the kinematic relation they bear with the Tianjingshan fault zone are analyzed.     

Thermal Monitoring of Natural Source Zone Depletion

Natural depletion of subsurface petroleum liquids releases energy in the form of heat. The rate of natural source zone depletion (NSZD) can be derived from subsurface temperature data. An energy balance is performed to resolve NSZD‐generated energy in terms of W/m². Biodegradation rates are resolved by dividing the NSZD energy by the heat of reaction in joules/mol. Required temperature data are collected using data loggers, wireless connections, and automated data storage and analysis. Continuous thermal resolution of monthly NSZD rates at a field site indicates that apparent monthly NSZD rates vary through time, ranging from 10,000 to 77,000 L/ha/year. Temporal variations in observed apparent NSZD rates are attributed to processes governing the conversion of CH₄ to CO₂, as opposed to the actual rates of NSZD. Given a year or more of continuous NSZD rate data, it is anticipated that positive and negative biases in apparent NSZD rates will average out, and averaged apparent NSZD rates will converge to true NSZD rates. An 8.4% difference between average apparent NSZD rates over a 31‐month period using the thermal monitoring method and seven rounds of CO₂ efflux measurements using CO₂ traps supports the validity of both CO₂ trap and thermal monitoring methods. A promising aspect of thermal monitoring methods is that continuous data provide a rigorous approach to resolving the true mean NSZD rates as compared to temporally sparse CO₂ trap NSZD rate measurements. Overall, a vision is advanced of real‐time sensor‐based groundwater monitoring that can provide better data at lower costs and with greater safety, security, and sustainability.     

天景山断裂带前锋区第四纪构造变形及成因分析

通过野外详细填图,发现天景山断裂带走滑运动的前端,存在庙山和红尖山两排笼四纪逆冲断裂、褶皱构造带。     

苏州金鸡湖水环境治理工程的环境经济分析

对苏州金鸡湖水环境综合治理的环境效益和经济费用进行了综合分析,得出：工程建成运行后的金鸡湖及周边河道的水质基本可达国家地面水Ⅲ类水标准。金湖鸡水环境治理工程建成运行后费用约为0.92元/m^3-1.62元/m^3之间,若考虑金鸡湖水环境改善后地价的价值、旅游收入的增加,金鸡湖水环境治理的经济费用还会降低。总体来看,该项工程环境及社会效益比较明显,经济费用也在比较合理的范围内。     

地震地质灾害对广州市部分城区工程环境的影响分析

通过震害预测研究,探明地震地质灾害源,应用地理信息系统掌握地震地质灾害源空问分布情况,分析其对工程环境的影响范围和影响程度,有助于政府制定防震减灾规划和城市建设与改造。针对广州市部分城区的地震地质灾害源、建筑物、生命线工程、地震次生灾害源的分布情况,应用基于GIS平台的防震减灾信息管理与地震应急辅助决策系统,分析了该区内地震地质灾害破坏对建筑物、生命线工程和地震次生灾害源的影响。结果表明,城市中的建筑物、生命线工程和地震次生灾害源不同程度地受到地震地质灾害的影响。     

河北省张家口市涿鹿M_S4.3级地震震害调查及地震特征分析

总结了张家口涿鹿县MS4.3级地震应急调查工作,了解到震区一带的震感现象和地震影响的分布情况。依据《地震现场工作大纲和技术指南》,以《中国地震烈度表(GB/T 17742-2008)》为烈度评定标准以及其对现场实地调查的要求,确定了此次地震震中区一带的地震影响烈度为Ⅴ度,并圈定了地震的等烈度分布区域。同时,依据震源机制解和现场调查情况,分析了此次地震的特征。