Transantarctic Mountain microtektites: Geochemical affinity with Australasian microtektites

We extended the petrographic and geochemical dataset for the recently discovered Transantarctic Mountain microtektites in order to check our previous claim that they are related to the Australasian strewn field. Based on color and composition, the 465 microtektites so far identified include two groups of transparent glass spheres less than ca. 800 μm in diameter: the most abundant pale-yellow, or normal, microtektites, and the rare pale-green, or high-Mg, microtektites. The major element composition of normal microtektites determined through electron microprobe analysis is characterized by high contents of silica (SiO₂ = 71.5 ± 3.6 (1σ) wt%) and alumina (Al₂O₃ = 15.5 ± 2.2 (1σ) wt%), low total alkali element contents (0.50-1.85 wt%), and MgO abundances <6 wt%. The high-Mg microtektites have a distinctly higher MgO content >10 wt%. Transantarctic Mountain microtektites contain rare silica-rich (up to 93 wt% SiO₂) glassy inclusions similar to those found in two Australasian microtektites analyzed here for comparison. These inclusions are interpreted as partially digested, lechatelierite-like inclusions typically found in tektites and microtektites. The major and trace element (by laser ablation - inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry) abundance pattern of the Transantarctic Mountain microtektites matches the average upper continental crust composition for most elements. Major deviations include a strong to moderate depletion in volatile elements including Pb, Zn, Na, K, Rb, Sr and Cs, as a likely result of severe volatile loss during the high temperature melting and vaporization of crustal target rocks. The normal and high-Mg Transantarctic Mountain microtektites have compositions similar to the most volatile-poor normal and high-Mg Australasian microtektites reported in the literature. Their very low H₂O and B contents (by secondary ion mass spectrometry) of 85 ± 58 (1σ) μg/g and 0.53 ± 0.21 μg/g, respectively, evidence the extreme volatile loss characteristically observed in tektites. The Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of multigrain samples of Transantarctic Mountain microtektites are ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ≈ 0.71629 and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ≈ 0.51209, and fall into the Australasian tektite compositional field. The Nd model age calculated with respect to the chondritic uniform reservoir (CHUR) is T^Nd_CHUR ≈ 1.1 Ga, indicating a Meso-Proterozoic crustal source rock, as was derived for Australasian tektites as well.Coupled with the Quaternary age from the literature, the extended dataset presented in this work strengthens our previous conclusion that Transantarctic Mountain microtektites represent a major southward extension of the Australasian tektite/microtektite strewn field. Furthermore, the significant depletion in volatile elements (i.e., Pb, B, Na, K, Zn, Rb, Sr and Cs) of both normal and high-Mg Transantarctic Mountain microtektites relative to the Australasian ones provide us with further confirmation of a possible relationship between high temperature-time regimes in the microtektite-forming process and ejection distance.     

中国东部新生代玄武岩中巨晶矿物的地球化学

本文对安徽女山、河北汉诺坝和广东普宁碱性玄武岩中的单斜辉石和角闪石巨晶进行了主要元素、稀土元素、微量元天和Ｓｒ＿Ｎｄ同位素的综合分析。数据显示产出于３个研究区的单斜辉石巨晶有３类：Ａｌ普通辉石、透辉石和Ｆｅ＿Ｎａ透辉石。普宁地区的角闪石巨晶乃世界上罕见的绿钙闪石巨晶。女山和普宁的单斜辉石和角闪石巨晶是碱性玄武岩浆在幔源高压下的结晶产物；汉诺坝的单斜辉石巨晶既可以是碱性玄武岩浆又可以是拉斑玄武岩浆的高压结晶体。所有巨晶相对于寄主岩者属于偶然捕掳晶。巨晶的形成符合“流动结晶模式”。它们与共存的橄榄岩色体无成因     

Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Three Series of Cenozoic Basalts from Southeastern China

Cenozoic basaltic volcanism in southeastern China was related to the lithospheric extension and asthenospheric upwelling at the eastern Eurasian continental margin. The cenozoic basaltic rocks from this region can be grouped into three different series: tholeiitic basalts, alkali basalts, and picritic-nephelinitic basalts. Each basalt series has distinctive geochemical features and is not derived from a common source rock by different degrees of partial melting or from a common parental magma by fractional crystallization. The mineralogy, petrography, and major and trace-element geochemistry of the tholeiites are similar to oceanic island basalts, implying that the mantle source for these Chinese continental tholeiites was similar to that of the oceanic island basalts—an asthenospheric mantle. The alkali basalts and picritic-nephelinitic basalts are enriched in incompatible trace elements, and their geochemical features can be interpreted as a result of partial melting of an enriched lithospheric mantle, or the mixing products of an asthenospheric magma with a component derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle through thermal erosion at the base of the lithosphere. But the lack of a transitional rock type and continuous variational trends among these basalts suggests that the mixing between asthenospheric magmas and lithospheric magmas probably was not significant in the petrogenesis of the basalts from SE China. Low-degree partial melting of enriched lithospheric mantle alone can account for the observed geochemical data from these basalts.     

兰坪盆地新生代碎屑岩地球化学特征及其对物源制约

兰坪盆地的新生代地层,包括勐野井组、等黑组、宝相寺组、金丝厂组和三营组等,岩性有砂岩、泥岩和砾岩.由于盆地内部断层纵横,新生代地层的横向对比比较困难,研究揭示新生代地层的物源对于恢复盆地的岩相古地理环境、探讨盆地演化与构造演化的关系等具有重要地质意义.根据砂岩、泥岩和砾岩胶结物的La/Th、La/Yb、Cr/Th、K/Rb、K/Th、Zr/Hf、Th/Sc、U/Th比值以及δCe和δEu等地球化学参数并结合沉积相的研究成果,可以看出兰坪盆地新生代沉积物存在三种物源组分：即深源卤水、基性-超基性岩和长英质岩石.金顶地区存在长英质岩石、基性-超基性岩和深源卤水三种物源混合的现象,啦井地区则存在长英质岩石、基性-超基性岩物源的混合.河湖相碎屑岩的Cr/Co比值可以指示物源区的距离远近,这个比值越小则物源区距离越大.     

Geochemistry and tectonic development of Cenozoic magmatism in the Carpathian–Pannonian region

This review considers the magmatic processes in the Carpathian–Pannonian Region (CPR) from Early Miocene to Recent times, as well as the contemporaneous magmatism at its southern boundary in the Dinaride and Balkans regions. This geodynamic system was controlled by the Cretaceous to Neogene subduction and collision of Africa with Eurasia, especially by Adria that generated the Alps to the north, the Dinaride–Hellenide belt to the east and caused extrusion, collision and inversion tectonics in the CPR. This long-lived subduction system supplied the mantle lithosphere with various subduction components. The CPR contains magmatic rocks of highly diverse compositions (calc-alkaline, K-alkalic, ultrapotassic and Na-alkalic), all generated in response to complex post-collisional tectonic processes. These processes formed extensional basins in response to an interplay of compression and extension within two microplates: ALCAPA and Tisza–Dacia. Competition between the different tectonic processes at both local and regional scales caused variations in the associated magmatism, mainly as a result of extension and differences in the rheological properties and composition of the lithosphere. Extension led to disintegration of the microplates that finally developed into two basin systems: the Pannonian and Transylvanian basins. The southern border of the CPR is edged by the Adria microplate via Sava and Vardar zones that acted as regional transcurrent tectonic areas during Miocene–Recent times.Major, trace element and isotopic data of post-Early Miocene magmatic rocks from the CPR suggest that subduction components were preserved in the lithospheric mantle after the Cretaceous–Miocene subduction and were reactivated especially by extensional tectonic processes that allowed uprise of the asthenosphere. Changes in the composition of the mantle through time support geodynamic scenarios of post-collision and extension processes linked to the evolution of the main blocks and their boundary relations. Weak lithospheric blocks (i.e. ALCAPA and western Tisza) generated the Pannonian basin and the adjacent Styrian, Transdanubian and Z?rand basins which show high rates of vertical movement accompanied by a range of magmatic compositions. Strong lithospheric blocks (i.e. Dacia) were only marginally deformed, where strike–slip faulting was associated with magmatism and extension. At the boundary of Adria and Tisza–Dacia strike–slip tectonics and core complex extension were associated with small volume Miocene magmatism in narrow extensional sedimentary basins or granitoids in core-complex detachment systems along older suture zones (Sava and Vardar) accommodating the extension in the Pannonian basin and afterward Pliocene–Quaternary inversion. Magmas of various compositions appear to have acted as lubricants in a range of tectonic processes.     

中国新生代火山岩岩石学、地球化学与年代学研究进展

回顾了我国近五年来在新生代火山岩的岩石学、地球化学与年代学方面所取得的主要进展。重点总结了中国东部与青藏高原的新生代火山岩的时空分布特征,包括年代学数据成果和岩石学资料;回顾中国东部与青藏高原新生代火山岩的岩石成因和深部动力学过程研究,介绍了目前对于长白山天池火山、中国东部新生代玄武岩、青藏高原的地球动力学过程、钾质-超钾质火山岩、高镁钾质火山岩等研究已获得的主要成果和认识;提出了中国新生代火山岩研究中存在的问题以及进一步工作的建议。     

南海新生代碱性玄武岩中钛闪石的地球化学特征

南海新生代碱性玄武岩中发育有角闪石捕虏晶。本文以南海新生代碱性玄武岩中的钛闪石为研究对象,对钛闪石的地球化学特征以及形成条件进行了研究,并探讨其地质意义。研究表明钛闪石是岩浆早期高压结晶的产物,其高Ti富Al,Mg#平均为0.68,形成于幔源岩浆中,成分相对于寄主岩为捕虏晶,其主微量元素的成分范围以及微量元素的配分形式与碱性玄武岩中的巨晶角闪石以及捕虏体中的脉状角闪石一致。根据其主量元素的含量,我们计算出了钛闪石形成的温压条件以及结晶深度。按结晶深度钛闪石可分为两期,一期结晶深度较大(35.09~43.74 km),位于岩石圈底部,形成压力在1019~1305 MPa,温度在1049~1066℃;另一期结晶深度相对较小(27.20~27.29 km),位于岩石圈中下部,形成压力在759~771MPa,温度在1031~1078℃。钛闪石是岩浆形成早期在不同深度发生分离结晶的结果,可能记录了导致南海新生代玄武岩由拉斑玄武岩向碱性玄武岩转变的岩石圈变厚的趋势。     

藏北高原新生代火山岩地球化学系列划分及成因分析

根据K—Ar法和Ar-Ar法定年数据，藏北新生代火山岩从早到晚可划分为多格错仁和走构油茶错高钾钙碱性系列(40—30Ma)、巴毛穷宗和鱼鳞山白榴石碧玄岩—响岩系列(29—24Ma)以及黑石北湖钾玄岩系列(1．5Ma)。从岩石化学和同位素方面对区内新生代火山岩进行了研究，认为藏北新生代火山岩同时具有板内碱性玄武岩和岛弧玄武岩的双重地球化学特征。在成因和源区上各系列存在着差异，高钾钙碱性系列为富集地幔玄武岩底侵作用导致地壳物质部分熔融的产物，并经历了地壳的AF过程。而白榴石碧玄岩—响岩系列和钾玄岩系列来自与古俯冲有关的“古老富集地幔”，为岩浆分离结晶作用的产物。岩浆起源深度随时间变新逐渐变大。     

Fission track age of Transantarctic Mountain microtektites

We determined the fission track age of Transantarctic Mountain microtektites. The plateau method yielded a formation age of 0.85 ± 0.17 Ma. This age overlaps within error with that of the catastrophic impact that produced the Australasian tektite-microtektite strewn field ca. 0.8 Ma ago. This provides further evidence that Transantarctic Mountain microtektites belong to the Australasian tektite-microtektite strewn field, as previously suggested on the basis of geochemical evidence, Sr-Nd isotope systematics and poorly resolved radiometric data.     

内蒙古集宁新生代玄武岩的K-Ar年代学和地球化学及其深部动力学意义

对内蒙古集宁地区四个新生代玄武岩剖面进行了K-Ar年代学及岩石地球化学的系统研究。K-Ar定年结果显示,集宁玄武岩的主要喷发期在晚渐新世至中新世,可分为三个喷发旋退：～33Ma、22．8～22．1Ma和12．2～9．4Ma。玄武岩由拉斑玄武岩和碱性玄武岩组成。SiO2和MgO含量变化范围分别为46．4～52．3wt％和5．1～7．8wt％,微量元素特征总体上与OIB相似。集宁的三个喷发旋迴有一个共同的特点,即在每一旋迴底部,先出现的均为拉斑玄武岩,向上变为碱性玄武岩。从第一至第三旋迴,碱性玄武岩Yb含量逐渐增加,La／Yb比值逐渐减小,暗示集宁地区在这一时期曾发生过岩石圈减薄。由于集宁碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征从早期至晚期逐渐接近拉斑玄武岩,且两者的Nd、Sr同位素特征相似,因此,该区岩石圈的减薄可能是软流圈热物质上涌,对岩石圈产生底蚀作用的结果。拉斑玄武岩的存在可能代表了岩石圈减薄在地表的显示,是被底蚀的岩石圈与少量上涌软流圈的熔融物质混合的产物。通过对比集宁、汉诺坝、赤峰、阿巴嘎、大同等地新生代玄武岩的K-Ar年龄和岩性分布特征,推测这一区域的岩石圈减薄在时间、空间及减薄强度上均存在不均一性。     

羌塘西北部松西地区新生代火山岩岩石地球化学特征及成因讨论

羌塘西北部松西地区新生代火山岩由安山岩、英安岩和晚期火山颈相流纹斑岩3种岩石类型组成,属于钙碱性-高钾钙碱性岩石系列.岩石富集大离子亲石元素和LREE,相对亏损高场强元素,Nb、Ta、Ti负异常,反映源岩具有壳源特征,基性端员的SiO2含量＜53%,表明松西地区玄武安山岩不可能完全由陆壳直接局部熔融产生,应该有少量基性的地幔物质加入.岩浆Eu负异常不明显,说明岩浆来源于加厚陆壳中下部,是印度板块与欧亚板块发生长期碰撞挤压导致青藏高原北部包括羌塘地区的陆壳缩短和加厚、拉萨地块大陆岩石圈的北向俯冲作用以及羌塘陆块之下上涌的软流层物质的底侵作用,引发增厚下地壳发生部分熔融形成的.     

Geochemistry of the Cenozoic Potassic Volcanic Rocks in the West Kunlun Mountains and Constraints on Their Sources

The geochemical characteristics of the Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the north Pulu, east Pulu and Dahongliutan regions in the west Kunlun Mountains are somewhat similar as a whole. However, the volcanic rocks from the Dahongliutan region in the south belt are geochemically distinguished from those in the Pulu region (including the north and east Pulu) of the north belt. The volcanic rocks of the Dahongliutan region are characterized by relatively low TiO2 abundance, but more enrichment in alkali, much more enrichment in light rare earth elements and large ion lithosphile elements than those from the Pulu region. Compared with the Pulu region, volcanic rocks from the Dahongliutan region have relatively low 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and high εNd, 207Pb/204Pb and 208Pb/204Pb. Their trace elements and isotopic data suggest that they were derived from lithospheric mantle, consisting of biotite- and hornblende-bearing garnet lherzolite, which had undertaken metasomatism and enrichment. On the primitive mantle-normali     

青藏高原北部可可西里地区新生代钾质火山岩地球化学特征及成因

青藏高原北部可可西里地区分布的中新世钾质火山岩(7.77～17.82Ma)主要为粗面安山岩、粗面岩和少量次火山相的流纹斑岩.主量、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究表明,该套钾质火山岩强烈富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,明显亏损Nb-Ta-Ti元素,具有较高的87Sr/86Sr:0.707346～0.714915,较低的εNd值:-3.70～-6.97,和较高的放射性成因Pb同位素组成(207Pb/204Pb=15.65～15.76,208Pb/204Pb=38.98～39.35,206Pb/207Pb=18.67～18.78).上述特征指示岩浆源区可能是与古俯冲消减物质有关的EMⅡ型富集地幔.三大岩类的地球化学成分变异表明:该钾质火山岩系列是富集地幔(金云母-尖晶石二辉橄榄岩和金云母-石榴石二辉橄榄岩)低度部分熔融产生的母岩浆经过较强结晶分异形成的,其中流纹斑岩在岩浆后期可能经历了更为复杂的地壳混染和结晶分异过程.     

青藏高原新生代火车头山碱性及钙碱性两套火山岩的地球化学特征及其物源讨论

藏北羌塘火车头山新生代火山岩可区分为钙碱性及碱性两个不同的系列.钙碱性火山岩主要岩石组合为玄武岩-安山岩-英安岩,其SiO2介于49%～70%之间,Al2O3＞10%,Na2O/K2O＞1;其中玄武岩具平坦型稀土配分型式,LREE/HREE为1.3～1.8,（La/Yb）N为2.87～4.45,无明显铕异常,δEu为0.96～1.09;该套岩石的Mg#与SiO2相关关系以及La/Sm-La等亲岩浆元素与超亲岩浆元素协变关系表明,它们应为幔源岩浆经分离结晶演化的产物,其岩石组合类型以及低的Sm/Yb值（Sm/Yb=1.53～5.35）表明它们的原始岩浆应来源于岩石圈地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩的局部熔融.本区碱性火山岩为一套典型的钾质岩石系列,主要岩石组合类型为碱玄岩-碱玄质响岩-响岩,其SiO2介于44%～59%之间,Al2O3＞14%,Na2O/K2O介于0.47～1.51之间;岩石轻稀土强烈富集,LREE/HREE为13.20～15.76,（La/Yb）N=50.44～91.99;其岩石组合类型以及Mg^#与SiO2相关关系以及La/Sm-La协变关系同样表明它们为共源岩浆分离结晶演化的产物;然而,其较高的Sm/Yb值（Sm/Yb=2.63～13.98）表明它们并非地幔橄榄岩直接局部熔融的产物,岩石弱的负Eu异常（δEu=0.77～0.85）以及Th、U的强烈富集和Nb、Ta的相对亏损,又反映了原始岩浆中有显著的地壳物质的贡献;该套钾质碱性系列岩石在La/Co-Th/Co同分母协变图上呈直线型分布,而在La/Co-Sc/Th异分母协变图上呈显著的双曲线分布,从而表明其源区为二源混合型,是青藏高原特殊的壳幔混合层局部熔融的产物,这些特征是新生代青藏高原壳幔层圈物质交换的重要岩石学证据.     

西秦岭新生代钾霞橄黄长岩的地球化学及其岩浆源区性质

西秦岭礼县地区新生代钾霞橄黄长岩具有贫SiO2和Al2O3,富CaO、MsO、TiO2及K2O Na2O的特征,矿物组合中除橄榄石、辉石外,普遍含有霞石、黄长石、白榴石和磁铁矿等矿物.火山岩的∑REE为97.82×10-6～639.1×10-6.岩石以强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,如Rb、Ba、K、Sr)和高场强元素(HPSE,如Nb、Th、Ta、P、Zr、Hf等)为特征具有Pb和Ti的负异常.火山岩具有相对高的143Nd/144Nd 比值(0.512007～0.512130,εNd= 3.4～ 5.8)和相对低的87St/86Sr 比值(0.703374～0.704726).206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb的比值范围分别为18.088～19.112,15.476～15.626和38.071～39.680.岩石的微量元素和Sr、Nd和Pb同位素特征显示其与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的地球化学特征相似.源区组成显示了亏损地幔端元DM、HIMU端元和富集地幔端元EMIl这三种地球化学端元混合的特征.     

Geochemistry constraints of Mesozoic–Cenozoic calc-alkaline magmatism in the South Shetland arc, Antarctica

Geochemical data from basalts, basaltic andesites, and andesites of the Mesozoic–Cenozoic (143–44 Ma) from Livingston, Greenwich, Robert, King George, and Ardley Islands of the South Shetland archipelago, Antarctica, are presented. The rocks have variable SiO₂ of approximately 46–61 wt%, Al₂O₃ of 15–26 wt%, and total alkali (K₂O+Na₂O) of 2–6 wt%. Most samples have low Mg#, Cr, and Ni, which indicates that they have undergone significant fractional crystallization from mantle-derived melts. The presence of olivine cumulatic in the samples from Livingston and Robert Islands explains some high MgO, Ni, and Cr values, whereas low Rb, Zr, and Nb values could be related to undifferentiated magmas. N-MORB-normalized trace element patterns show that South Shetland Islands volcanic rocks have a geochemical pattern similar to that found for other island arcs, with enrichment in LILE relative to HFSE and in LREE relative to HREE. The geochemistry pattern and presence of calcic plagioclase, orthopyroxene, Mg-olivine, and titanomagnetite phenocrysts suggest a source related to the subduction process. The geochemical data also suggest magma evolution from the tholeiitic to the calc-alkaline series; some samples show a transitional pattern. Samples from the South Shetland archipelago show moderate LREE/HREE ratios relative to N-MORB and OIB, depletion in Nb relative to Yb, and high Th/Yb ratios. These patterns probably reflect magma derived from a lithospheric mantle source previously modified by fluids and sediments from a subduction zone.

Resumo

Dados geoquímicos de basaltos, andesitos basálticos e andesitos mesozóicos–cenozóicos (143–44 Ma) das ilhas Livingston, Greenwich, Robert, King George e Ardley do Arquipélago Shetland do Sul, Antártica são discutidas neste artigo. As rochas tem conteúdos de SiO₂ variando de 46 a 61%, Al₂O₃ de 15 a 26% e álcalis (K₂O+Na₂O) de 2 a 6%. A maior parte das amostras tem conteúdos baixos de Mg#, Cr e Ni, indicando que sofreram significante cristalização fracionada de fusões derivadas do manto. A presença de fases cumuláticas nas amostras das ilhas Livingston e Robert explicaria os elevados valores de MgO, Ni, Cr, enquanto que baixos valores de Rb, Zr e Nb observados nas amostras destas ilhas poderiam estar relacionados a magmas não diferenciados. Os padrões de elementos-traço normalizados pelo N-MORB mostram que as rochas vulcânicas das Ilhas Shetland do Sul têm padrão geoquímico similar àqueles encontrados em outros arcos de ilhas com enriquecimento em LILE em relação aos HFSE e em ETRL em relação aos ETRP. O padrão geoquímico e a ocorrência de fenocristais de plagioclásio cálcico, ortopiroxênio, olivina magnesiana e titanomagnetita sugerem origem relacionada a processos de subducção. Dados geoquímicos obtidos para as amostras do arquipélago Shetland do Sul sugerem um magma evoluindo de toleítico para cálcico-alcalino, observando-se em algumas amostras um padrão transicional. As amostras do arquipélago Shetland do Sul mostram em relação ao N-MORB e OIB, moderadas razões ETRL/ETRP, empobrecimento em Nb relativo a Yb e elevada razão Th/Yb Estes padrões refletem, provavelmente, magma derivado de uma fonte mantélica litosférica, que foi modificada por fluídos e sedimentos da zona de subducção.     

滇西丽江地区新生代富碱斑岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

滇西丽江地区新生代富碱斑岩位于滇西“三江”褶皱造山带与扬子板块西南缘结合部位,岩石类型多样,可分为碱性岩和碱性花岗岩,前者主要有正长斑岩、正长岩及粗面斑岩;后者主要包括花岗斑岩、二长花岗斑岩及石英二长斑岩。锆石LA ICP MS U Pb定年研究确定区内斑岩结晶年龄为346～371 Ma,侵位于始新世晚期。碱性岩石的SiO2含量为5454%～6770%,K2O＞Na2O,具有钾玄岩的特征;碱性花岗岩的SiO2含量为6716%～7066%,K2O＜Na2O,具有高钾钙碱性的特征。两类岩石都具有富碱(Na2O+K2O=703%～1170%)和准铝质—弱过铝质(A/CNK=064～115)的特征。富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(Sr、Ba、K、Pb等),相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti等),且具有高Sr、Sr/Y和La/Yb比值及低Y、Yb和镁值(Mg#＜05),表明区内斑岩兼具钾玄质岩石和埃达克质岩石的特征。综合研究认为,区内斑岩形成于印度－亚洲大陆碰撞造山的后碰撞阶段,其形成与减压熔融及幔源岩浆底侵促使增厚下地壳底部岩石发生部分熔融有关,是青藏高原东南缘构造转换带对主碰撞带造山作用过程的岩浆事件响应,进而分析确认本区具有斑岩-热液型金多金属矿床的找矿潜力,为深入认识丽江地区构造-岩浆-成矿作用提供了重要约束。     

北京地区新5孔晚新生代沉积物中的地球化学特征及古环境意义

通过对新5钻孔晚新生代地层中的主要氧化物、微量元素和主要元素比值的变化特点进行研究分析。表明该地区自新近纪以来该地区气候总体趋势是由温暖湿润向温和干旱气候方向发展。其中经历了3个较大的氧化阶段。本文综合分析磁化率、古地磁和孢粉等资料。分析了主要氧化物、微量元素在不同地层中的分布特征。从地球化学角度把新5钻孔的沉积环境分为6个变化波动区间。揭示该地区晚新生代以来的气候经历了温暖湿润-温和湿润—温和偏干—温暖湿润—温凉湿润—温和偏干的气候波动。     

大别山东南麓中新生代碎屑岩地球化学特征及其对物源的制约

位于大别山东南麓的安庆-潜山地区中新生代碎屑岩比较发育,主元素分析表明,砂岩主要为杂砂岩,其次是岩屑砂岩和长石砂岩。根据主元素、微量元素和稀土元素特征值分析结果,中、上三叠统和下、中侏罗统的源岩来源广泛,属于大陆岛弧、活动大陆边缘和被动大陆边缘构造背景,可能反映了前陆盆地物源的二元特征。古近系源岩主要为活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧构造环境,说明物源仅来自大别山造山带。稀土元素比值及相关系数分析揭示,中晚三叠世黄马青群的源岩主要为宿松群的长英质片岩、浅粒岩以及大别杂岩,侏罗纪磨山组大致类似于大别群的花岗片麻岩,罗岭组与大别群比较类似。显示大别山造山带在中晚三叠世已经隆升并遭受剥露。