西湖凹陷中南部油气成藏动力学特征及成藏机理

西湖凹陷以始新世末的玉泉运动和中新世末的龙井运动形成的不整合面为界,将盆地的发展演化分为裂陷、坳陷和区域沉降三个阶段。在盆地演化的不同阶段,不同构造带的沉降速率存在差异,烃源岩的热成熟演化史也不一致。生、排烃史模拟表明：平湖组烃源岩的生烃强度最高,花港组烃源岩的生烃强度相对较小;中央背斜带及其两侧深凹部位烃源岩的生烃强度大于保斜坡带;主要应用Basin Mod盆地模拟软件系统,通过对流体势、温压系统、异常压力的分析,探讨西湖凹陷中南部油气运聚成藏的机理。     

西湖凹陷中-下始新统宝石组油气地质与勘探潜力

西湖凹陷是东海陆架盆地油气勘探潜力最好的凹陷之一。通过西湖凹陷宝石一井中下始新统宝石组井震资料,厘定了影响油气资源计算结果较大的关键参数,如烃源岩厚度、有机质油气产率、排聚系数等;建立了构造、沉积、孔隙度与油气生、运、聚模型,编绘了西湖凹陷宝石组生油岩厚度图、有机碳、Ro、生油气强度等值线图;采用BASIMS 4．5盆地综合模拟系统重现了西湖凹陷宝石组的地史、热史、生烃史、排烃史和运聚史,分析了宝石组空间展布特征与生、储、盖、圈、运、保等地质条件,提出并建立了宝石组合油气系统。利用多种方法定量计算的宝石组生烃量和资源量与西湖凹陷已证实的主力烃源岩系平湖组相似,认为宝石组是西湖凹陷又一重要烃源岩及油气勘探目的层系,拥有巨大的油气勘探潜力。     

东海盆地西湖凹陷构造圈闭特征及其油气藏类型

基于三维地震资料连片解释成果,对东海盆地西湖凹陷构造圈闭分布规律、形成时期和成因机制进行系统梳理,并结合油气成藏条件分析得出构造圈闭的主要油气藏类型及特征.研究表明,西湖凹陷主要发育断层型和背斜型两大类构造圈闭,其中断层型圈闭主要分布于西部斜坡带,背斜型圈闭主要分布于中央洼陷反转带.断层型圈闭主要形成于盆地断-拗转换阶...     

北部湾盆地迈陈凹陷油气成藏条件分析

迈陈凹陷位于北部湾盆地东北部,勘探程度低,对油气成藏条件缺乏系统和深入的认识。以油气地质理论为指导,在构造和沉积地层特征研究的基础上,重点分析了烃源岩、储集层、圈闭及输导介质等油气成藏的基本要素,认为迈陈凹陷拥有较好的烃源岩,发育多套储集层、多种类型圈闭和复合的输导介质,具备油气藏形成的基本条件,具有广阔的油气勘探前景。     

东海西湖凹陷古新统油气成藏前景分析

本文从油气成藏条件角度,充分运用西湖凹陷地震,油气源对比,生烃强度和ＴＴＩ科技攻关,新成果以及油气化探,相领凹陷钻井揭示的古新统油气地质资料等,对西湖凹陷尚未钻井揭露的古新统成藏组合,进行了较全面油气地质条件分析,并认为该组合在保斜坡带某些有我块有着较好的油气成藏背景。     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷油气成藏条件分析

涠西南凹陷位于北部湾盆地西南部,发育有多个油气田(含油气构造)。以油气地质理论为指导,在构造和沉积地层特征研究的基础上,重点分析了烃源岩、储集层、圈闭及输导介质等油气成藏的基本要素,认为涠西南凹陷拥有较好的烃源岩、发育多套储集层、多种类型圈闭和复合的输导介质,具备油气藏形成的基本条件,具有广阔的油气勘探前景。     

南堡凹陷4号构造带蛤坨断层特征与油气成藏关系

南堡凹陷4号构造带断裂发育,既发育沟通烃源岩的深断裂,也发育沟通浅层圈闭的次级断裂。综合利用地震、测井、岩性等资料分析断层的空间展布,计算蛤坨断层的生长指数和断层泥比率（SGR）,分析断层的活动性、封堵性,评价其输导性能,并结合其与烃源岩生排烃期的匹配关系研究断裂与油气运移、聚集的关系及控制规律。在典型油气藏剖面解剖的基础上,建立了4号构造带油气运聚成藏模式。     

辽东湾地区锦州25—1油田油气成藏特点和运聚模拟研究

在对构造演化、成藏要素、油源对比、成藏期次分析的基础上,结合Trinity油气运移成藏模拟分析软件对锦州25—1油田的油气运聚模拟研究,分析了形成锦州25—1油田的成藏主控因素,建立了其成藏模式,指出了该地区有利勘探方向。模拟分析结果表明,锦州25—1构造是辽西凹陷沙三段烃源岩生成油气运聚的有利指向区,而优良成藏要素的优势时空配置则是形成锦州25—1油田的关键因素。其成藏模式为：辽西凹陷沙三段烃源岩在东下段时期进入了大量生排烃期,生成的油气为一期充注,充注时间发生在东营组末期,沿东下段时期强烈构造运动伴生的断裂系统、沙二段广泛发育的砂体、沙二段与沙三段之间大型不整合面以及古构造脊所构成的疏导体系运移至沙二段圈闭成藏,而沙三段砂体则可以近源优势成藏。辽西凹陷西斜坡、凹中隆以及古构造脊是今后较为有利的勘探区域。     

东海西湖凹陷油气成藏地质认识

以东海西湖凹陷勘深资料为背景，从盆地演化、地层层序、储集岩、盖层、烃源岩、圈闭等地质因素来深讨东海西湖凹陷油气成藏情况。西湖凹陷的烃源岩主要为泥岩和煤，储集岩主要为始新统平湖组和渐新统花港组的砂岩，基层的泥岩厚度大，连续性好，多种圈闭类型，配置好。总体看来西湖凹显的生、储、盖、圈等油气成藏地质条件好，是东海大陆架油气最丰富的地区。     

东海西湖凹陷浙东中央背斜带烃源岩生排烃史研究

为了深化西湖凹陷浙东中央背斜带油气成藏过程的研究，优化勘探目标选择，在烃源岩特征分析的基础上，应用动态数值模拟技术，定量恢复了研究区主要烃源岩层系的生排烃历史，研究表明，浙东中央背斜带主要发育4套烃源岩系，其中始新统平湖组泥岩与煤层为主力烃源岩，具较高的有机质丰度=生烃强度与排烃效率，烃类排出具阶段性、多期次幕式排烃的特点汉平湖组为源岩的油气系统应是本区油气勘探的主要目标。     

西湖凹陷油气录井技术识别与评价

西湖凹陷目前已发现的油气层主要集中在平湖组和花港组储层之中。平湖组主力烃源岩的有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主,主要形成气藏（含凝析气藏）和轻质油藏,其具有流动性强、极易挥发等特点,烃类损失较大。通过目前应用的几种录井技术来看,泥浆综合气测录井能较好的识别油气层,通过对C1参数的矫正能够很好的识别出油气显示层,根据各气测参数的特征变化,并能对油气层的性质进行初步的较准确评价。地化录井、定量荧光录井由于受到烃类损失大的影响,在对油气层识别及评价中不及气测录井敏感。     

西湖凹陷砂岩自生高岭石发育特征及其对储层物性的影响

从储层演化的角度来说,高岭石是砂岩储层中最常见的自生黏土矿物之一,通常出现在孔隙喉道中,是长石溶解和次生孔隙发育的指示矿物。以薄片鉴定、电镜扫描、X衍射分析等资料为基础,通过对西湖凹陷古近系、新近系影响储层质量的自生高岭石的分布特征及其形成机制的研究,认为西湖凹陷自生高岭石的含量和分布特点与成岩作用过程中有机酸和大气水对长石等铝硅酸盐的溶解作用有关;自生高岭石含量与储层物性之间具有较好的相关性;西斜坡平湖组具有比中央反转构造带平湖组明显高的自生高岭石含量,具有更好的成岩和次生孔隙形成条件;凹陷南部地区具有比北部地区相对较高的高岭石含量,有更好的次生孔隙形成条件与储层物性。     

东海西湖凹陷反转构造与油气

本文从东海西湖凹陷的地质构造特征出发，根据西湖凹陷所处的西太平洋特殊地质构造位置，结合反转构造理论，认为自新生代以来，西湖凹陷长期处于太平洋板块向欧亚板块斜向俯冲的挤压状态。随时间的推移凹陷的边界条件不断地变化，由此引起应力场的改变，继而造成构造反转。西湖凹陷曾经历过五次构造反转期。盆地的复合，构造的叠加，断层性质的改变，对油气生成、运移和储集起着决定性的作用。本文最后用反转构造理论对油气远景作了简单的探索。认为早期由正断层形成的地堑、地垒、断块及晚期褶皱、逆断层发育的地区应作为油气勘探的重点。前者，早期局部张应力形成的正断层，在区域压应力的持续作用下，后期虽然在形式上还是正断层，但晚期已转变为压性的，对油气聚集较为有利。后者，由于新生代早期的巨厚沉积，并且发育着张性断裂，这些对油气的生成和运移有一定好处。     

琼东南盆地深水区长昌凹陷勘探潜力

长昌凹陷位于琼东南盆地深水区中央坳陷东部,是深水勘探新区。通过对凹陷成藏条件分析认为,长昌凹陷供烃充足;存在三角洲砂岩、滨海相砂岩、海底扇及水道砂岩等4种类型储层,且储盖组合发育;发育多层系构造圈闭,面积普遍较大;油气成藏条件优越。在上述研究基础上,对长昌凹陷A、B、C、D、E 5个次一级洼陷勘探潜力进行了评价,认为长昌环A洼成藏特征好,发育大型有利目标。落实万宁X-1、万宁X-2、长昌X-1等多个大中型"构造+岩性"圈闭,圈闭含油气信息好,潜在资源量大,是琼东南盆地深水区下步勘探的重点。     

Formation and distribution of coal measure source rocks in the Eocene Pinghu Formation in the Pinghu Slope of the Xihu Depression,East China Sea Shelf Basin

The Xihu Depression in the East China Sea Shelf Basin is a large petroliferous sedimentary depression, in which oil and gas reservoirs were mainly discovered in the Pinghu Slope and the central inversion zone. The oil-gas source correlation in the Xihu Depression was analyzed by hydrocarbon generating thermal simulation data via gold-tube pyrolysis experiments. The results indicated that the oil and gas in the Xihu Depression were mainly derived from coal measure source rocks of the Eocene Pinghu Formation. Therefore, the identification of coal seams is extremely crucial for evaluating coal measure source rocks in the Pinghu Formation in the Xihu Depression. Geochemical and petrological characterization pointed to input of terrigenous organic matter and redox conditions of the depositional environment as factors that govern the ability of the coal measure source rocks in hydrocarbon generation in the Xihu Depression. In this regard, the sedimentary organic facies in the Pinghu Formation were classified into four predominantly terrigenous and one mixed-source subfacies, which all varied in carbon and hydrogen content. The coal measure source rocks in the carbon- and hydrogen-rich tidal flat-lagoon exhibited the highest hydrocarbon generation potential, whereas the mudstone in the neritic facies was the poorest in its hydrocarbon yield. These results suggested that the coal measure source rocks in the Pinghu Formation likely developed in the Hangzhou Slope and the Tiantai Slope, both representing promising sources for oil and gas exploration.     

珠江口盆地文昌A凹陷油气差异分布特征

在烃源岩分布特征、有机质丰度、类型和成熟度分析的基础上,运用含油气盆地数值模拟技术,定量恢复了烃源岩热成熟演化史,探讨了油气差异分布特征。研究表明,文昌A凹陷各层系烃源岩分布广,厚度大,有机质丰度高;有机质类型文昌组偏Ⅱ1型,恩平组偏Ⅲ型,二者现今多处于高成熟—过成熟阶段。凹陷内烃源岩成熟时间早(文昌组约45.5Ma),现今成熟度高,以干气生成为主;凹陷边缘烃源岩成熟时间较晚(文昌组约30.0Ma),现今成熟度相对较低,以石油生成为主。凹陷现今油气差异分布的格局受制于有机质类型差异和热演化史不同,且下一步油气勘探方向,凹陷内以天然气为主,凹陷边缘以石油为主。     

Structural characteristics of central depression belt in deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin and the hydrocarbon discovery of Songnan low bulge

The Qiongdongnan Basin has the first proprietary high-yield gas field in deep-water areas of China and makes the significant breakthroughs in oil and gas exploration. The central depression belt of deep-water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin is constituted by five sags, i.e. Ledong Sag, Lingshui Sag, Songnan Sag, Baodao Sag and Changchang Sag. It is a Cenozoic extensional basin with the basement of pre-Paleogene as a whole. The structural research in central depression belt of deep-water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin has the important meaning in solving the basic geological problems, and improving the exploration of oil and gas of this basin. The seismic interpretation and structural analysis in this article was operated with the 3D seismic of about 1.5×10~4 km~2 and the 2D seismic of about 1×10~4 km. Eighteen sampling points were selected to calculate the fault activity rates of the No.2 Fault. The deposition rate was calculated by the ratio of residual formation thickness to deposition time scale. The paleo-geomorphic restoration was obtained by residual thickness method and impression method. The faults in the central depression belt of deep-water area of this basin were mainly developed during Paleogene, and chiefly trend in NE–SW, E–W and NW–SE directions. The architectures of these sags change regularly from east to west: the asymmetric grabens are developed in the Ledong Sag, western Lingshui Sag, eastern Baodao Sag, and western Changchang Sag; half-grabens are developed in the Songnan Sag, eastern Lingshui Sag, and eastern Changchang Sag. The tectonic evolution history in deep-water area of this basin can be divided into three stages,i.e. faulted-depression stage, thermal subsidence stage, and neotectonic stage. The Ledong-Lingshui sags, near the Red River Fault, developed large-scale sedimentary and subsidence by the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during neotectonic stage. The Baodao-Changchang sags, near the northwest oceanic sub-basin, developed the large-scale magmatic activities and the transition of stress direction by the expansion of the South China Sea. The east sag belt and west sag belt of the deep-water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin, separated by the ancient Songnan bulge, present prominent differences in deposition filling, diaper genesis, and sag connectivity. The west sag belt has the advantages in high maturity, well-developed fluid diapirs and channel sand bodies, thus it has superior conditions for oil and gas migration and accumulation. The east sag belt is qualified by the abundant resources of oil and gas. The Paleogene of Songnan low bulge, located between the west sag belt and the east sag belt, is the exploration potential. The YL 8 area, located in the southwestern high part of the Songnan low bulge, is a favorable target for the future gas exploration. The Well 8-1-1 was drilled in August 2018 and obtained potential business discovery, and the Well YL8-3-1 was drilled in July 2019 and obtained the business discovery.     

西湖凹陷油气成藏的主控因素

西湖凹陷位于东海大陆架边缘,地壳为相对软弱的过渡壳。西湖凹陷中新世末以前属于萎缩型盆地,上新世伴随冲绳海槽的形成才成为扩张性盆地。受构造控制盆地萎缩期沉积有以下3个特点：第一,整体表现为海退;第二,沉积范围逐次减小;第三,泥岩百分比越来越低,盖层条件越来越差。平湖组存在区域盖层,钻遇断块气藏;花港组存在局部盖层,背斜充满度高,断背斜充满度低,断块未成藏;新近系盖层条件更差,断背斜亦未能成藏。由此可见保存条件是西湖凹陷油气成藏的主控因素,保存条件好的领域是西湖凹陷下一步勘探的方向。     

东海西湖凹陷油气地质条件及其勘探潜力

以现代油气地质理论为指导,系统分析了东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷的烃源岩、储集岩、盖层及圈闭等油气系统形成的基本要素,并探讨了油气勘探潜力和方向.研究表明,西湖凹陷具备大、中型油气田形成的基本油气地质条件,具有巨大的油气勘探潜力,勘探前景广阔,存在多个有利的油气勘探领域.     

南海北部珠江口盆地深水区荔湾凹陷构造-热演化

The Liwan Sag, with an area of 4 000 km~2, is one of the deepwater sags in the Zhujiang River(Pearl River) Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea. Inspired by the exploration success in oil and gas resources in the deepwater sags worldwide, we conducted the thermal modeling to investigate the tectono-thermal history of the Liwan Sag,which has been widely thought to be important to understand tectonic activities as well as hydrocarbon potential of a basin. Using the multi-stage finite stretching model, the tectonic subsidence history and the thermal history have been obtained for 12 artificial wells, which were constructed on basis of one seismic profile newly acquired in the study area. Two stages of rifting during the time periods of 49–33.9 Ma and 33.9–23 Ma can be recognized from the tectonic subsidence pattern, and there are two phases of heating processes corresponding to the rifting.The reconstructed average basal paleo-heat flow values at the end of the rifting events are ~70.5 and ~94.2 mW/m~2 respectively. Following the heating periods, the study area has undergone a persistent thermal attenuation phase since 23 Ma and the basal heat flow cooled down to ~71.8–82.5 mW/m~2 at present.