阿尔泰南缘麦兹火山-沉积盆地东部萨吾斯铅锌矿床成因探讨

萨吾斯铅锌矿床位于阿尔泰南缘麦兹火山-沉积盆地东部,本研究首次阐述了该矿床的地质地球化学特征及其成因。该矿床赋存于下泥盆统康布铁堡组上亚组,以层状黑云石榴铁闪石矽卡岩、变流纹质晶屑凝灰岩、流纹斑岩、少量不纯大理岩为主要赋矿岩石;矿化与两类矽卡岩密切相关;表现出矽卡岩矿床与火山喷流沉积矿床的双重特征。野外地质考察、岩石薄片观察以及大量的矿物化学成分分析等表明,矽卡岩主要由锰铝榴石、铁铝榴石、铁闪石、黑云母和少量铁锰钙质碳酸盐矿物组成,其原岩为凝灰岩及其所夹的铁锰钙质碳酸盐条带;二者相互渗透交代的尺度局限于几厘米,与接触交代成因矽卡岩形成鲜明对比。综合上述,萨吾斯铅锌矿床不属接触交代矽卡岩型,而与火山喷流-沉积作用密切相关。与金属硫化物共生的石英脉氧同位素及其包裹体碳、氢同位素组成表明,成矿流体由岩浆水与表层流体混合而成。因此,萨吾斯铅锌硫化物矿床为火山喷流成因,这为阿尔泰南缘块状硫化物矿床的成因研究和找矿勘探部署提供重要理论依据。     

东秦岭二郎坪群蛇绿岩中的火山成因硫化物矿床

东秦岭二郎坪群蛇绿岩中广泛发育火山成因块状硫化物矿床,火山演化从早期到中晚期分别形成铁矿层,火山成因块状硫化物矿床和黄铁矿化层,矿床具有层控性及距火山喷发中心带距离不同而控制的分带性规律,还有厚层基性熔岩形成铁矿,酸性火山岩赋存铜－锌型或铅－锌－铜型矿的岩性成矿专属性,矿床中伴有不同规模的金银矿化。     

秘鲁邦沟铁多金属矿地质特征及成矿阶段划分

秘鲁首都利马至查拉400km沿海成矿带赋存多处铁、铜、金矿床,铜金矿床具有IOCG(铁氧化物)型,铁矿多为矽卡岩型。邦沟铁多金属矿规模巨大,矿床位于西科迪勒拉山西部边缘的伊卡-纳斯卡拗陷附近。矿床类型既有矽卡岩特征,也具有IOCG特点。总结矿床地质特征认为,邦沟铁和多金属矿矿化存在同期不同阶段的特点,铁矿化发生在第一期,铜金硫化物矿化发生在第二期;铜金硫化物在空间上与主铁矿体异位,铜金矿有较大找矿潜力。     

小红石砬子银铅锌矿床地质特征及找矿标志

本文试图通过小红石砬子银铅锌矿床产于火山穹窿构造环境、控矿与海相火山-沉积建造有关、热液蚀变种类与矿体在金属矿化、元素分布空间上具有分带性等特征,论证该矿床属于位于火山穹窿构造环境中的火山成因块状硫化物矿床。进而推测同处于吉中弧形构造带中的地局子、新立屯、二道林子、圈岭等赋存于上古生界二叠系火山-沉积建造中的多金属硫化物矿床也应同属于与火山作用有关的块状硫化物矿床。在此基础上提出有关省内地槽区块状硫化物多金属矿床的几点找矿评价标志。     

云南澜沧老厂大型银铅锌多金属矿床地质地球化学特征

通过对老厂银铅锌多金属矿床地质地球化学特征的系统总结,并与相关海相火山岩块状硫化物矿床的对比,认为矿床期后岩浆热液叠加特征明姓,矿体直接容矿围岩为火山-沉积岩,矿床属火山．沉积岩容矿的块状硫化物矿床。为介于典型的火山岩容矿的块状硫化物矿床（VHMS）和典型沉积岩容矿的海底喷气沉积矿床（SEDEX）之间的过渡类型,其矿化特征与新疆可可塔勒铅锌矿床（伊比利亚型）相类似。     

云南澜沧老厂大型银铅锌多金属矿床地质地球化学特征

通过对老厂银铅锌多金属矿床地质地球化学特征的系统总结,并与相关海相火山岩块状硫化物矿床的对比,认为矿床期后岩浆热液叠加特征明显,矿体直接容矿围岩为火山-沉积岩,矿床属火山-沉积岩容矿的块状硫化物矿床.为介于典型的火山岩容矿的块状硫化物矿床(VHMS)和典型沉积岩容矿的海底喷气沉积矿床(SEDEX)之间的过渡类型,其矿化特征与新疆可可塔勒铅锌矿床(伊比利亚型)相类似.     

云南大红山铁铜多金属矿床成因分析及成矿方式厘定

前人对云南大红山铁铜多金属矿床成因研究趋向认为属海底火山块状硫化物矿床(VMS型),但对其成矿方式研究还不够精细。对云南大红山铁铜多金属矿床进一步研究表明,虽然该铁铜多金属矿床可归为火山-沉积型矿床,但其成矿方式并非为火山喷出物质在火山机构附近发生"原位沉积"而成矿,其矿床结构特征、围岩蚀变特征、容矿岩性等方面均与原位沉积形成的火山块状硫化物矿床存在显著差异;基于岩相古地理恢复研究,在早元古代曼岗河组沉积时期的大红山地区的特殊古地理环境,使得携载大量矿质的火山物质沿海底隆洼相间的斜坡水道运移而发生"异位沉积",从而控制了该矿床的形成。     

东秦岭二郎坪群蛇绿岩中的火山成因硫化物矿床

东秦岭二郎坪群蛇绿岩中广泛发育火山成因块状硫化物矿床。火山演化从早期到中晚期分别形成铁矿层、火山成因块状硫化物矿床和黄铁矿化层。矿床具有层控性及距火山喷发中心带距离不同而控制的分带性规律,还有厚层基性熔岩形成铁矿、酸性火山岩赋存铜—锌型或铅—锌—铜型矿的岩性成矿专属性。矿床中伴有不同规模的金银矿化。     

阿尔泰可可塔勒铅锌矿床围岩蚀变及成因

可可塔勒铅锌矿床受火山喷发中心和沉积洼地控制，铅锌沉淀于海进阶段的局限还原卤水池中；矿下存在大型蚀变带，构成成矿流体对流循环过程中的水-岩作用带；后期造山挤压过程使地层和矿体倒转，矿床最终定位于麦兹倒转向斜之北东倒转翼的东南近转折部位。指出该矿床属海底火山喷流沉积改造型块状硫化物铅锌矿床。     

河南上庄坪铜铅锌矿床地质特征及成因探讨

河南上庄坪铜铅锌矿床具备火山喷流块状硫化物矿床之特点:物质来源与二郎坪群海相火山岩同属上地幔,成矿时代为508～574 Ma,成矿作用与火山喷发(成岩)作用有关,成矿环境为早古生代弧后扩张脊.矿床成因为海底火山喷流成因.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861