黄渤海海域16个石油平台站风速资料的初步质量检测

对天津建设的16个石油平台站2017年2—10月的2 min平均风速和极大风速的逐时资料进行了质量检测。其方法包括气候学界限值检查、内部一致性检查、持续性检查、时间一致性检查、空间一致性检查以及质量控制综合分析。结果表明:有87.5%的石油平台站风速观测资料质量较好,能够为海洋气象预报、风能资源评估等提供宝贵的基础支撑。与此同时,由于石油平台上油烟较大、海上高湿、高盐等环境因素影响导致了12.5%的平台站风速资料质量较差,造成其大量时间段的资料不能被直接使用。从而,一定程度上说明了与地面观测资料一样,在使用海洋气象资料之前应进行系统的质量控制,只有清楚并解决海洋气象资料中存在的质量问题,才能保证业务应用、研究分析以及资料统计与加工的准确性和可靠性。     

海洋站观测资料的质量控制方法及其应用

文章阐明开展海洋站观测资料质量控制的必要性和重要性,以海洋站观测延时(月报)资料为例,详细论述其质量控制的对象、流程和参数以及包括日期检验、位置检验、格式检验在内的19种质量控制方法,同时概述海洋站观测资料质量控制软件,最后提出下一步开展海洋站观测资料的均一化检验和订正以及建立多模式检验系统和均一化数据集的研究重点,以期为海洋和气候变化研究提供科学准确的第一手资料。     

基于四种再分析资料的1988-2015年中国近海月均风速特征评估

This study investigates the long-term changes of monthly sea surface wind speeds over the China seas from 1988 to 2015. The 10-meter wind speeds products from four major global reanalysis datasets with high resolution are used: Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform data set(CCMP), NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis data set(CFSR),ERA-interim reanalysis data set(ERA-int) and Japanese 55-year reanalysis data set(JRA55). The monthly sea surface wind speeds of four major reanalysis data sets have been investigated through comparisons with the longterm and homogeneous observation wind speeds data recorded at ten stations. The results reveal that(1) the wind speeds bias of CCMP, CFSR, ERA-int and JRA55 are 0.91 m/s, 1.22 m/s, 0.62 m/s and 0.22 m/s, respectively.The wind speeds RMSE of CCMP, CFSR, ERA-int and JRA55 are 1.38 m/s, 1.59 m/s, 1.01 m/s and 0.96 m/s,respectively;(2) JRA55 and ERA-int provides a realistic representation of monthly wind speeds, while CCMP and CFSR tend to overestimate observed wind speeds. And all the four data sets tend to underestimate observed wind speeds in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea;(3) Comparing the annual wind speeds trends between observation and the four data sets at ten stations for 1988-1997, 1988–2007 and 1988–2015, the result show that ERA-int is superior to represent homogeneity monthly wind speeds over the China seaes.     

我国业务化海洋观测仪器发展探讨——浅析中美海洋站仪器的差异、趋势及对策

海洋站业务化观测仪器是业务化海洋观测系统的重要实体支撑。将我国海洋站中典型的国产业务化测量仪器与美国同类仪器在性能指标方面进行了对比分析,结合世界前沿海洋仪器发展现状总结了未来主要发展趋势,探讨了我国业务化海洋仪器优先发展的主要方向。结果表明,相比美国,我国国产验潮仪精度低1个数量级,测波仪的波高、周期和波向精度分别平均低0.2 m、0.27 s和5°~10°,国产观测仪器在业务运行可靠性和稳定性方面存在不足。世界海洋观测装备将更加信息化、智能化、专业化和模块化,并通过谱系化发展使其功能日臻完善,可靠性不断提高。在此趋势下,我国业务化海洋观测仪器应优先重点发展高精度传感原件和材料、抗生物污损和防腐蚀技术以及智能电子电路、人工智能和自动化技术等。     

First six months quality assessment of HY-2A SCAT wind products using in situ measurements

The first Chinese microwave ocean environment satellite HY-2A, carrying a Ku-band scatteromenter （SCAT）, was successfully launched in August 2011. The first quality assessment of HY-2A SCAT wind products is presented through the comparison of the first 6 months operationally released SCAT products with in situ data. The in situ winds from the National Data Buoy Center （NDBC） buoys, R/V Polarstern, Aurora Australis, Roger Revelle and PY30-1 oil platform, were converted to the 10 m equivalent neutral winds. The temporal and spatial differences between the HY-2A SCAT and the in situ observations were limited to less than 5 min and 12.5 km. For HY-2A SCAT wind speed products, the comparison and analysis using the NDBC buoys yield a bias of-0.49 m/s, a root mean square error （RMSE） of 1.3 m/s and an increase negative bias with increasing wind speed observation above 3 m/s. Although less accurate of HY-2A SCAT wind direction at low winds, the RMSE of 19.19° with a bias of 0.92° is found for wind speeds higher than 3 m/s. These results are found consistent with those from R/Vs and oil platform comparisons. Moreover, the NDBC buoy comparison results also suggest that the accuracy of HY-2A SCAT winds is consistent over the first half year of 2012. The encouraging assessment results over the first 6 months show that wind products from HY-2A SCAT will be useful for scientific community.