柴达木盆地北缘东段察汗河右行转换挤压剪切带的变形样式及构造意义

转换挤压剪切带普遍发育在汇聚板块边界及碰撞造山带中，对调节造山过程中的增生、碰撞及物质侧向挤出等起重要作用。位于青藏高原东北缘的柴达木盆地北缘构造带（柴北缘构造带）被认为是早古生代原特提斯洋闭合、大陆深俯冲、陆- 陆碰撞和造山后伸展垮塌作用的产物。最近，在柴北缘构造带东段乌兰北部察汗河地区，笔者新厘定出NWW—SEE向展布的右行转换挤压韧性剪切带。本文通过对该剪切带内宏微观构造特征、石英c轴组构、运动学涡度等研究，结合锆石U- Pb年代学数据，来探该讨剪切带的转换挤压样式及对柴达木盆地北缘早古生代造山作用的启示意义。察汗河韧性剪切带内XZ面上发育的宏微观构造以及石英c轴组构共同指示了右行走滑剪切指向，结合糜棱岩的轻微压扁—压扁的应变椭球体形态，共同指示了其具有转换挤压的构造性质；估算的平均运动学涡度限定了其转换挤压变形样式。根据石英颗粒的重结晶机制、c轴组构滑移系以及其开角温度计，确定其变形温度为500～553℃，指示了中地壳变形层次，并结合剪切带内石英动态重结晶颗粒大小，估算其差异应力为28. 5～30. 0 MPa，古应变速率为10-12/s。通过锆石U- Pb定年，获得卷入韧性剪切变形的闪长岩时代为432±3 Ma，结合柴达木盆地北缘已有区域地质资料，推断韧性剪切作用的活动时代为中志留世—早泥盆世（432～396 Ma）。以上资料显示，察汗河韧性剪切带表现出垂直于造山带的水平收缩和平行于造山带的侧向挤出的构造变形样式，伴随着部分由北向南的逆冲分量，形成于柴达木盆地北缘早古生代晚期的碰撞造山阶段，并指示了其造山作用具有斜向汇聚及碰撞特征。     

Extent,kinematics and tectonic origin of the Precambrian Aswa Shear Zone in eastern Africa

The Aswa Shear Zone (ASZ) is a fundamental Precambrian lithospheric structure that has been shaped by many tectonic events in eastern Africa. It separates the Saharan Metacraton in the northeast from the Northern Uganda terrane (which represents part of the Northeastern Congo block of the Congo craton) to the southwest. Nonetheless, its tectonic evolution is not fully understood. We used high-resolution airborne magnetic and radiometric data over Uganda integrated with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in South Sudan to assess the extent, kinematics and contribute to the understanding of the tectonic origin of the ASZ. (1) Our results showed that the ASZ extends in a NW–SE direction for ~ 550 km in Uganda and South Sudan. (2) The airborne magnetic and radiometric data revealed a much wider (~ 50 km) deformation belt than the 5-10 km of the exposed surface expression of the ASZ. The deformation belt is defined by three NW-trending sinistral strike-slip shear zones bounding structural domains with magnetic fabric showing splays of secondary shear zones and shear-related folds. These folds are tighter close to the discrete shear zones with their axial traces becoming sub-parallel to the shear zones. A similar fold pattern is observed in South Sudan from the SRTM DEM. We interpreted these folds as due to ENE–WSW contraction associated with the sinistral strike-slip movement. (3) To the northeast, the magnetic patterns and radiometric signatures suggest the presence of a series of W-verging nappes indicative of strong E–W to NE–SW contraction deformation. (4) We relate the evolution of the ASZ to E–W to NE–SW Neoproterozoic oblique collision between East and West Gondwana. The deformation related to this collision was partitioned into E–W to NE–SW contraction resulting in W-verging thrusts in the east and a sinistral strike-slip movement along the NW-trending ASZ with the strain localized at the boundary between the Saharan Metacraton and the Northern Uganda terrane.     

Petrology and geotectonic significance of salic rocks preceding ophiolites in the Eastern Vardar Zone,Greece

Summary In the eastern Vardar Zone of Greece, Na-dominant salic rocks are intimately associated with ophiolites, constituting a NW-trending, about 8 km thick belt along the western margin of the Serbomacedonian Massif. Though of different ages and metamorphic histories, both contrasted lithologic units display similar lateral variations. The salic rocks vary from a hypabyssal tonalite-trondhjemite series in the NW into granophyres and submarine volcanics in the SE. The juxtaposed ophiolites change in the same direction from tectonite peridotites overlain or intruded by mafic-ultramafic cumulates into sheeted dykes and submarine volcanics. The salic rocks were formed by multi-staged fractional melting of a mafic source and correspond chemically to the low-K andensite rhyolite series. The geological and chemical evidence points at an immature island-are setting for the salic rocks above a NE-dipping subduction zone. The lateral variations in their mode of occurrences probably reflect progressive attenuation of the continental crust. The corresponding variations displayed by the juxtaposed ophiolites may have resulted from a change in the plate motion from conservative in the NW to constructive in the SE.

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Petrologie und geotektonische Bedeutung der den Ophiolithen vorausgegangenen salischen Gesteine in der östlichen Vardar-Zone, Griechenland

Zusammenfassung In der östlichen Vardar-Zone von Griechenland bilden Na-betonte salische Gesteine und Ophiolithe einen NW-streichenden, ca. 8 km mächtigen Gürtel entlang des westlichen Randes des Serbomazedonischen Massivs. Trotz verschiedenen Alters und unterschiedlicher metamorpher Beanspruchung zeigen die beiden lithologischen Einheiten gleiche laterale Variationen. Die salischen Gesteine wechsein von Tonaliten und Trondhjemiten im NW zu Granophyren und submarinen Vulkaniten im SE. Die tektonisch angrezenden, etwas jügeren Ophiolithe variieren in der gleichen Richtung von Tektonit-Peridotiten und den überlagrenden oder intrudierenden mafisch-ultramafischen Kumulaten zu einem Gangstockwerk und submarinen, vorwiegend basischen Vulkaniten. Die salischen Gesteine sind durch ein mehrphasiges fraktioniertes Aufschmelzen mafischen Materials entstanden und entsprechen chemisch der K-armen Reihe von basischem Andesit bis Rhyolith. Als Bildungsort weisen die geologischen und chemischen Kriterien auf einen inmaturen Inselbogen oberhalb einer nach NE gerichteten Subduktionszone während des Mittleren Juras hin. Veränderungen in den Ausbildungsformen der salischen Gesteine gehen offensichtlich auf ein progressives Verdünnen der kontinentalen Kruste zurück. Entsprechende Veränderungen in den gegenübergestellten Ophiolithen lassen sich durch Veränderungen in der Plattenbewegung von konservativ im NW zu konstruktiv im SE erklären.

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With 12 Figures     

Plio-Pleistocene transpressional reactivation of Paleozoic and Paleogene structures in the Rhine-Bresse transform zone (northern Switzerland and eastern France)

Pliocene to recent uplift and shortening in the southern Rhinegraben is documented by deformation of Pliocene fluvial gravels, deposited on a nearly planar surface, as well as by progressive deflection and capture of rivers. This deformation is suggested to result from thick-skinned tectonic movements as evidenced by observations on seismic records, which demonstrate a spatial coincidence between en-échelon anticlines at the surface and faults located in the crystalline basement. These findings contradict the often invoked thin-skinned tectonism in the recent tectonic history of the Rhinegraben. In particular the transfer zone between the Rhinegraben and the Bressegraben is very suitable for reactivation under the present day stress field. Thick-skinned reactivation of faults in the basement is also expressed by focal plane mechanisms of recent earthquakes showing strike-slip- rather than reverse faulting characteristics. This is of importance for the densely populated and industrialised southern Rhinegraben, previously affected by large earthquakes in historical times (e.g. Basel 1356).     

Structure and tectonic evolution of the Pirin-Pangaion Structural Zone (Rhodope Massif,southern Bulgaria and northern Greece)

The Pirin-Pangaion Structural Zone occupies the south-western part of the Rhodope Massif. It consists of Proterozoic amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks of the Rhodopian Supergroup, and granitoids of Hercynian, Late Cretaceous and Palaeogene age. The pre-Hercynian structure of the zone is dominated by an interference pattern of three superimposed fold generations of NE-SW and NW-SE trends. These structures are cut by Hercynian granitoids, and the entire complex is affected by late Hercynian or early Alpine conical folds. The zone was overthrusted by the Ogražden and Kroussia Units (Serbo-Macedonian ‘Massif’) along the north-east vergent Mid-Cretaceous Strimon overthrust, and by the Central Rhodope Zone of the Rhodope Massif, along the south-west vergent Meso-Rhodopean Overthrust. With this thrusting event, the Pirin-Pangaion Structural Zone was brought together with the Serbo-Macedonian ‘Massif’ and the Central Rhodope Zone to form the Late Cretaceous Morava-Rhodope Zone, which acted as a ‘plateau’ along the southern edge of the Eurasian plate. Late Cretaceous granitoid magma of crustal origin intruded this zone, whereas north of it the Srednogorie volcanic island arc was the site of igneous activity with magmas originating in the upper mantle. The West Thrace Zone developed as a Palaeocene to Oligocene depression superimposed over the older basement obliquely to the southern periphery of the Rhodope Massif. In the Late Eocene and Early Oligocene, this depression represented a volcanic island arc with mantle-derived basic to intermediate magmas; contemporaneous granitoid magmas formed through crustal melting in the thickened crust of the Rhodope Massif (Pirin and Pangaion Units included). Early Miocene thrusting was most intense in the Pangaion Unit, and was followed by Late Miocene to Quaternary extension.     

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段普兰蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩矿物学研究和成因探讨

西藏普兰蛇绿岩以出露面积约600km2的特大型地幔橄榄岩体而引人注目。我们在普兰岩体的东段,完成了一条近垂直走向并穿过岩体的长约10km的地质剖面,其目的是探讨地幔橄榄岩体岩相的变化及其成因。研究表明,岩体主体为方辉橄榄岩,分布于岩体内部,二辉橄榄岩呈条带状,分布于岩体边部,方辉橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩出露面积之比约为4∶1。剖面显示,二辉橄榄岩向方辉橄榄岩岩相渐变,Ol和Sp含量增加,Opx和Cpx减少,橄榄石Fo值和NiO含量也呈逐渐增加的特征。斜方辉石主要为顽火辉石(En=85~90),Mg#值变化于88~92之间,Al2O3含量0.89%~5.16%。单斜辉石包括顽透辉石和透辉石,以低铝(Al2O3=1.16%~6.02%),高镁(Mg#值为90~94)为特征。二辉橄榄岩的铬尖晶石Cr#值在19~32之间,低于方辉橄榄岩的Cr#值(25~72),两者之间呈连续变化。另一方面,方辉橄榄岩的各矿物百分含量、成分特征及部分熔融程度在岩体东部变化较大。结合前人成果,认为岩体中部分方辉橄榄岩不仅仅为单一的地幔残余,而可能经历了后期流体/熔体交代作用。依据尖晶石-橄榄石/单斜辉石矿物化学成分,估算出二辉橄榄岩是地幔源区经历约5%~12%部分熔融作用形成,而方辉橄榄岩则最终经历了约12%~32%部分熔融作用。研究结果表明,从二辉橄榄岩到方辉橄榄岩的演变,起因于部分熔融的差别,没有证据表明是受构造背景变化制约,因此,简单地用铬尖晶石等矿物成分的变化判断地幔橄榄岩的产出构造背景的方法值得商榷。     

班- 怒带东段丁青蛇绿岩中镁铁质岩石年代学及构造背景

丁青蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带东段,分为东、西两个蛇绿岩体,丁青西蛇绿岩体缺乏基性岩年代学研究。对丁青西地质填图显示,蛇绿岩主要由方辉橄榄岩、纯橄榄岩、辉绿岩、玄武岩及辉长岩组成。其中玄武岩、辉长岩及辉绿岩出露在宗白区域,玄武岩和辉绿岩与下侏罗统沉积岩呈构造接触,辉长岩呈岩脉侵入到下侏罗统沉积岩中。岩石地球化学研究表明,玄武岩和辉长岩同属于碱性基性岩石,其中玄武岩具有典型洋岛玄武岩的稀土和微量元素特征,可能形成于与地幔柱有关的洋岛环境。在玄武质凝灰岩中挑选出的锆石测年,获得U-Pb年龄为198.7±3.8Ma,属早侏罗世。辉长岩的稀土和微量元素含量低于典型洋岛玄武岩,但其REE和微量元素具有OIB的特征,与典型OIB相比,辉长岩的HREE发生了一定程度富集。辉长岩锆石的U-Pb年龄为164.3±2.6Ma,认为辉长岩在形成过程中受到了软流圈地幔和岩石圈下部LVZ中富集熔体的共同作用,其形成于大陆边缘裂谷环境;辉绿岩成分属于拉斑系列岩石,其REE和微量元素曲线显示辉绿岩同时具有N-MORB和E-MORB的特征。辉绿岩锆石U-Pb年龄为114.2±1.3Ma,其形成晚于玄武岩。结合区域地质,认为辉绿岩形成于受地幔柱影响的弧后扩张脊环境。本研究提供了丁青西蛇绿岩新的年代学和岩石学证据,为探讨丁青蛇绿岩的形成和演化历史提供了新的证据。     

Petrogenesis of the Upper Jurassic Monopigadon pluton related to the Vardar/Axios ophiolites (Macedonia,northern Greece) and its geotectonic significance

The origin, evolution and geotectonic setting of the Upper Jurassic Monopigadon granitoid pluton (Chalkidiki, Central Macedonia) are studied. The pluton is composed of slightly peraluminous to peraluminous high-K calc-alkaline biotite granodiorite (BGrd), biotite granite (BGr), leucogranite (LGr) and aplites (Apl). Enclosed rocks (Enc) are mostly xenoliths, surmicaceous enclaves and biotite clots occurring frequently in BGrd and BGr. Serpentinite bodies as well as amphibolite and calc-silicate hornfelses are exposed as inliers in the pluton. The granitoids are characterized by relatively low Sr contents (<180 ppm) and low Sr/Y ratio (0.4–6.4). REE are enriched in the granitic rocks (La_CN=89–148, Lu_CN=6–25) and the enclaves (La_CN=19–55, Lu_CN=15–18). The (La/Lu)_CN ratio ranges from 10.5 to 4.9 in BGrd, from 11.1 to 3.8 in BGr and from 11.3 to 25.7 in LGr. The BGrd and BGr show similar LILE-enriched, spiked patterns with negative anomalies at Ba, Ta, Nb, Sr and Ti and a positive anomaly at Pb, while the patterns of LGr show higher Ta, Nb, Sr, Ti negative and Pb positive anomalies. Sr initial isotopic ratios vary from 0.7147 to 0.7174 in BGrd, are relatively constant at 0.7105–0.7113 in BGr, and range from 0.7213 to 0.7340 in LGr, while they are lower in the enclaves (0.7087–0.7094). BGrd shows the lowest ε_Nd values (?8.31 to ?6.43), while it ranges from ?6.11 to ?4.26 in BGr and from ?3.37 to ?0.89 in LGr. Late Triassic to Late Jurassic intrusion zircon ages are reported for the Monopigadon pluton, which is unconformably overlain by Kimmeridgian–Tithonian limestones, whereas fragments of the plutonic rocks occur in the limestones. The geochemical variability of the BGrd is reproduced by two different AFC models having the same parental magma and assimilation/fractionation ratio but different assimilated end members. Geochemical modelling suggests that the BGr variability could be reproduced by two different FC models having the same parental magma but with different fractionating assemblages. The BGrd and BGr have similar sources and they likely originated by partial melting of middle-lower crustal rocks with intermediate-basaltic compositions, such as amphibolites, andesites and basalts. Felsic garnet granulites and metapelites are candidate source rocks for LGr. It is suggested that the Monopigadon plutonic rocks originated by melting of an inhomogeneous crust in a volcanic arc environment due to the heating of mantle-derived magmas, which, however, had not mixed or mingled with the crustal melts.     

南秦岭勉略结合带琵琶寺洋壳蛇绿岩的厘定及其大地构造意义

研究结果表明,康县－琵琶寺－南坪构造带是一个复杂的、含有不同成因岩块的混杂带。该带中分布有蛇绿岩块（古洋壳残片）,为典型的洋脊型拉斑玄武岩,具有轻稀土亏损的稀土配分型式、不活动痕量元素及其比值Th/Yb,Ta/Yb,Ti/Y,Ti/Zr等,指示其来源于亏损的软流圈地幔。琵琶寺蛇绿岩与勉县－略阳地区庄科蛇绿岩以及德尔尼蛇绿岩完全可以类比。因此,康县－琵琶寺－南坪蛇绿构造混杂带乃是勉略带向西延伸的组成部分。     

A structural record of the emplacement of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite onto the Menderes-Taurus block in the late Cretaceous, eastern Taurides, Turkey

The Aladag region of eastern Taurides, Turkey, is characterized by an imbricated thrust structure developed during late stage emplacement of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite onto the Menderes-Taurus block in the late Cretaceous. The mid to late Cretaceous dynamothermal metamorphic sole and the underlying unmetamorphosed mélange, here named the Aladag accretionary complex, were accreted to the base of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite during intra-oceanic subduction, transport and final obduction of the ophiolite onto the Menderes-Taurus block.In the dynamothermal metamorphic sole, intensity of deformation and degree of metamorphism increase from the base to the top, and at least three episodes of foliation, lineation and fold development are recognized. The asymmetry of quartz c-axis fabrics, tightness and asymmetry of folds of the same generation, and curvature of fold hinge lines increase from base to top, indicating that non-coaxial progressive deformation prevailed during the development of the metamorphic sole. The mélange is divided into three major thrust fault-bounded tectonic slivers, each of which is characterized by distinctive types of matrix and block lithologies, structures and deformation style. Kinematic analyses of the dynamothermal metamorphic sole and the mélange reveal that the tectonic transport direction of the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite during its emplacement was from north-northwest to south-southeast, suggesting that the Pozanti-Karsanti ophiolite was derived from a Neo-Tethyan ocean to the north of the Menderes-Taurus block.     

The Late Jurassic Zedong ophiolite: A remnant of subduction initiation within the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone (southern Tibet) and its tectonic implications

The Zedong ophiolite is the largest ophiolite massif east of Dazhuqu in the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone in the southern Tibetan Plateau. However, its age, geodynamic setting and relationship to the Xigaze ophiolite remain controversial. New zircon U–Pb ages, whole-rock geochemical and Nd–Pb isotopic data from ophiolitic units provide constraints on the geodynamic and tectonic evolution of the Zedong ophiolite. U–Pb zircon geochronology of dolerite lavas and late gabbro–diabase dikes yield weighted mean ages of 153.9 ± 2.5 Ma and 149.2 ± 5.1 Ma, respectively. Strong positive ε_Nd(t) and positive Δ7/4Pb and Δ8/4Pb values indicate derivation from a highly depleted mantle source with an isotopic composition similar to that of the Indian MORB-type mantle. The geochemistry of ophiolitic lavas and early dikes are analogous to typical island arc tholeiites whereas late dikes are similar to boninites. The geochemistry of these rock types suggests multi-stage partial melting of the mantle and gradually enhanced subduction influences to the mantle source through time. Combined with the MORB-like 162.9 ± 2.8 Ma Luobusha ophiolitic lavas, we suggest that the Luobusha lavas, Zedong lavas and early dikes originated in an infant proto-arc setting whereas late dikes in the Zedong ophiolite originated in a forearc setting. Together, they represent a Neo-Tethyan subduction initiation sequence. The Late Jurassic intra-oceanic proto-arc to forearc setting of the Zedong ophiolite contrasts with the continental margin forearc setting for the Xigaze ophiolite, which suggests a laterally complex geodynamic setting for ophiolites along the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone.     

Stratigraphy and tectonics of a time-transgressive ophiolite obduction onto the eastern margin of the Pelagonian platform from Late Bathonian until Valanginian time,exemplified in northern Evvoia,Greece

The obduction of an ophiolite sheet onto the eastern Pelagonian carbonate platform complex of the Hellenides began during the Late Bathonian and ended with the final emplacement of the ophiolite during Valanginian time. The early stages of obduction caused subaerial exposure of the platform, recorded by an unconformity of Callovian age, which is marked by laterites overlying folded and faulted, karstic substrates. The laterites have distinct ophiolitic geochemical signatures, indicating that emergent ophiolite had been undergoing lateritic weathering. This unconformity coincides with widespread western Tethyan, Callovian gaps, indicating that the obduction in the Hellenides was probably related to far-reaching plate tectonic processes. Resumed gravitational pull and rollback of the subducted, oceanic leading edge of the temporarily exposed ophiolite. Platform drowning continued into Tithonian–Valanginian time, documented initially by reefal carbonates and then by below-CCD, carbonate-free radiolarian cherts and shales. Subsequently, siliciclastic turbidites, which apparently originated from uplifted Variscan basement, were deposited together with and over the radiolarite as the ophiolite nappe sheet advanced. The nappe substrate underwent tectonic deformations of varying intensity, while polymictic mélange and syntectonic sedimentary debris accreted beneath the ophiolite and at the nappe front. The provenience of the ophiolite nappe complexes of northern Evvoia most probably has to be looked for in the Vardar ocean.     

Granitoids of the Magba shear zone,West Cameroon,Central Africa: Evidences for emplacement under transpressive tectonic regime

The Magba Shear Zone is made up of granites, migmatites, orthogneiss, metagabbro, mafic dyke and mylonites with coarse grained texture, porphyroblastic, granoblastic, cataclastic and mylonitic texture respectively. Structural features and kinematic indicators testify the syntectonic emplacement of Magba granitoids and also provide detailed information on the relative timing of deformation as follows: (1) D1 of tangential movement immediately followed by (2) the D2 phase which is heterogeneous simple shear in dextral transpressive context with a NW-SE direction (3) D3 tectonic phase is marked by sinistral transpressive tectonic and superposed folding with a NE-SW kinematic direction. Combined ductile NE-SW shear movements and NWSE compressional movements defined a transpressional tectonic regime during the D3 deformation (4) A brittle stage D4 is controlled by transcurrent tectonics and responsible for the emplacement of faults, and joints. The Magba granites would have intruded along sub-vertical mid-crustal feeder channels and were emplaced as a sheet or sheets along the shear zone during the early stage of the C3 shearing, followed by gabbro and mafic dyke at the late stage. Strike-slip dilatancy pumping under transpressive tectonic is suggested as a possible mechanism for the emplacement of the Magba granites.     

Geochemistry of the ophiolite and island-Arc volcanic rocks in the Mianxian-Lueyang suture zone, southern Qinling and their tectonic significance

Ultrabasic rocks in the Mianxian-Lueyang ophiolitic melange zone include harzburgite and dunite which exhibit LREE depletion with remarkable positive Eu anomaly.The diabase dike swarm shows LREE enrichment but slightly negative Eu anomaly.Metamorphosed volcanic rocks can be divided into two groups in terms of their REE geochemistry and trace element ratios of Ti/V,Th/Ta,Th/Yb and Ta/Yb.One is ths MORB-type basalt with LREE depletion,representing the fragments of oceanic crust and implying an association of the MORB-type ophiolite and an ancient ocean basin between the Qinling and Yangtze plates during the Middle Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic era.The oter comprises the island-arc volcanic rocks including tholeiitic basalt and a large amount of calc-alkaline intermediate-acic volcanic rock,which could not be the component of the ancient oceanic crust but the result of magmatism at the continental margin.This indicates that the Mianxian-Lueyang limited ocean basin had undergone a whole process of development,evolution and vanishing from Devonian-Cretaceous to Permian.And the Qinling area had becone an independent lithospheric microplate,on the southern side of which there were exhibited the tectonic characteristics of active continental margins during the Late Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic.That is to say.the Qinling cannot be simply considered as a result of collision between the Yangtze and North China plates.     

Character,genesis and tectonic setting of igneous rocks in the Sistan suture zone,eastern Iran

Igneous rocks in the Sistan suture zone have characteristics that can be correlated with important tectonic events. A Late Cretaceous ocean basin is recorded by ophiolites now exposed in numerous mélange zones. Subduction beneath the Afghan block is indicated by Late Cretaceous-Paleocene calc-alkaline volcanics. Collision of the Lut block with the subduction complex in the middle Eocene produced widespread deformation and was followed by the emplacement of late Eocene-early Oligocene calc-alkaline granitic batholiths that probably formed by widespread anatexis of marine sediments. A dominantly Oligocene magmatic event is represented by widespread alkaline volcanics and minor intrusions that appear to be related to major transcurrent faults. Miocene calc-alkaline activity was limited to sporadic volcanism in the north and minor intermediate intrusions farther south. These units are largely underformed and not related to any major faults. The youngest magmatic event is recorded by late Miocene-Pliocene mafic flows that are weakly alkaline, clearly related to right-lateral faults and probably were derived from a deep crustal or upper mantle source.     

新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿岩的形成和侵位时限——来自辉绿岩和凝灰岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄的证据

新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿岩是中亚造山带中最具代表性的蛇绿岩之一,其所代表的古洋盆的形成和关闭时限一直受到地学界的密切关注。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素方法,获得卡拉麦里蛇绿岩中辉绿岩的年龄为416.7Ma±3.2Ma,代表了卡拉麦里蛇绿岩的形成年龄。不整合于蛇绿岩之上的地层凝灰岩的年龄为343.0Ma±5.0Ma,限定了卡拉麦里蛇绿岩侵位时代的上限,同时也为沉积盖层提供了可靠的年龄依据。即卡拉麦里蛇绿岩所代表的古大洋形成于早泥盆世洛霍考夫期,闭合于早石炭世杜内期前。卡拉麦里蛇绿岩形成和侵位时代的准确限定对研究东准噶尔的构造演化和古生代中亚地区构造格局提供了重要的制约。     

新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿岩的形成和侵位时限——来自辉绿岩和凝灰岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄的证据

新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿岩是中亚造山带中最具代表性的蛇绿岩之一,其所代表的古洋盆的形成和关闭时限一直受到地学界的密切关注。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素方法,获得卡拉麦里蛇绿岩中辉绿岩的年龄为416.7Ma±3.2Ma,代表了卡拉麦里蛇绿岩的形成年龄。不整合于蛇绿岩之上的地层凝灰岩的年龄为343.0Ma±5.0Ma,限定了卡拉麦里蛇绿岩侵位时代的上限,同时也为沉积盖层提供了可靠的年龄依据。即卡拉麦里蛇绿岩所代表的古大洋形成于早泥盆世洛霍考夫期,闭合于早石炭世杜内期前。卡拉麦里蛇绿岩形成和侵位时代的准确限定对研究东准噶尔的构造演化和古生代中亚地区构造格局提供了重要的制约。     

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带中段仁布豆荚状铬铁矿成因及构造意义

藏南雅鲁藏布江缝合带为目前国内铬铁矿储量最大的缝合带.本文报道了缝合带中段仁布蛇绿岩的豆荚状铬铁矿床,围绕矿床特征开展成因探讨,对缝合带的形成演化和成矿作用提供新制约.仁布蛇绿岩呈近东西走向带状产出,主要由近30个大小不等的地幔橄榄岩体组成.地幔橄榄岩体主要为经历不同程度蛇纹石化的方辉橄榄岩和少量纯橄岩.在纯橄岩和方辉...