新型圆筒型FPSO垂荡抑制结构优化设计

针对传统圆筒型FPSO垂荡运动剧烈的特点,提出一种带有垂荡抑制结构的圆筒型FPSO。采用1∶77.8的缩尺比制作模型,进行垂荡纵摇衰减试验,得到带有不同垂荡抑制结构模型的固有周期和无因次阻尼系数,进而选取最优的垂荡抑制结构型式。之后计算并对比传统圆筒型FPSO和新型圆筒型FPSO垂荡纵摇运动的固有周期和幅频响应函数。在此基础上,结合我国南海海洋环境条件,设计新型圆筒型FPSO的系泊系统,计算分析自存工况下的耦合动力响应,并与传统圆筒型FPSO进行对比。结果表明,文中提出的垂荡抑制结构可以有效增大系统垂荡纵摇运动的固有周期,改善运动性能,提高系泊的安全性。     

圆筒型FPSO阻尼结构的阻尼性能研究

针对圆筒型海上储油装置FPSO,研究其不同类型阻尼结构的阻尼性能,以便有效减小此类结构的垂荡运动。提出U型和倒U型两种不同的圆筒型FPSO阻尼结构型式,采用CFD方法模拟浮体的强迫运动,计算分析阻尼结构的阻尼特性,对比了传统垂荡板结构、U型阻尼结构、倒U型阻尼结构的阻尼性能,详细分析阻尼结构的不同参数包括高度、筒体间距、开孔情况等三个因素对于阻尼特性的影响,基于CFD方法,分析了不同阻尼结构阻尼形成的机理。计算分析表明,倒U型阻尼性能最好,U型和倒U型阻尼结构与筒体间距增大后阻尼增大,阻尼结构高度增加或开孔增加后阻尼降低。     

基于拓扑优化方法的船体支柱布局优化设计

船体支柱的布局影响到船舶功能性舱室的布置及相应的结构设计,而目前支柱布局多依赖母型船或者工程师设计经验,缺少基于数学优化的技术支撑。变密度的拓扑优化方法可将属于离散变量优化的支柱布局问题转化为连续变量优化问题。通过悬臂梁—支柱结构的算例,验证了该方法用于解决支柱布局优化问题的可行性。针对某型VLCC的支柱—大跨度甲板结构的支柱布局优化问题,根据布置限制条件设定了支柱优化设计域,选择了两种不同的优化目标函数进行支柱的布局优化设计,最后对优化结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,本方法具有较好的可行性,无需过多设计经验即可优化得到结构性能较好的支柱布局方案,可为此类的支柱布局优化设计提供技术支撑。     

基于遗传算法的开敞域码头桩基优化设计

利用遗传算法对大型高桩码头的桩基布置问题建立了离散结构优化模型,通过对上海宝钢30万吨码头桩基优化的算例分析,得到了较常规算法更好的结构方案。     

载人潜水器圆柱形耐压壳体的优化设计研究

采用分枝定界法和序列二次规划方法,对载人潜水器圆柱形耐压壳体的重量最小化进行了研究.设计变量是壳板的厚度、肋骨的型号、间距和数量,讨论了下潜深度、材料几何参数对重量以及其它特征量的影响.算例计算表明,下潜深度越大,屈服极限越高的材料重量减轻越明显.对于大深度而言,选用高屈服极限材料,可以使得材料能够充分利用.文中还对结构重量占排水量比例随深度变化的情况进行了研究.     

考虑结构-桩-土相互作用的导管架平台优化设计

首先建立了多设计准则、多约束条件的面向结构-桩-土相互作用的导管架海洋平台优化设计模型,然后给出了此模型与结构分析软件及优化算法软件相结合进行优化设计的方法,并以胜利油田埕北11#井单井采油平台为例进行优化设计.结果显示所建模型既不依赖于优化算法,也不依赖于初始设计值,目标函数值均收敛于同一极小值且收敛速度较快、减小幅度可观,从而说明了此模型的合理性.     

Optimum Design for Offshore Platform Structural Reliability

In this paper, the main problems concerning reliability design of offshore platform structure are described and the general steps for the use of Safety Coefficient Method are presented.     

Optimum Design of Jacket Platforms Considering Structure-Pile-Soil Interaction

This paper proposes an optimum design medel for the offshore jacket platform considering multi-design criteria,multi-design constraints and the structure-pile-soil interaction,and gives an optimum designprocedure in which the proposed optimum design model is used together with structural analysis softwareSAP91 and optimum algorithm software OPBI.The Chengbei ~#11 offshore platform,which lies in theShengli oil field,is designed by use of the above optimum design model.The results show that the optimumdesign model is stable,and it depends on neither the optimization algorithm nor initial values of design vari-ables.All values of the objective function converge to the same minimum value,and the speed of conver-gence is high,showing that the proposed optimum design model is reasonable.     

内转塔式单点系泊系统设计方法研究

以南中国海恩平24-2油田开发工程为背景,针对南中国海海域恶劣环境条件,提出了新建单点系泊系统的总体方案规划与设计方法,为工程总承包(EPCI)提供技术支持,并确定了适用于恩平24-2油田开发的单点形式——带解脱装置内转塔式永久单点系泊系统。首先针对恩平24-2油田海域特征,规划出最适宜的单点总体布置,然后根据油田环境参数,提出了内转塔式单点系泊系统(包括浅水系泊系统、动态立管和动态电缆)的设计方法并对其系泊系统进行分析。研究结果可以看出内转塔式单点系泊系统设计方法对于环境恶劣海况下的单点设计具有指导意义,并能为国内单点的技术发展积累设计经验。     

冰激振动下简易平台的动态优化设计

简易平台是边际油田开发的主要结构形式,由于平台结构形式简单,受到动力荷载作用响应比较大。采用动态设计可以合理优化平台结构形式,达到降低平台动力响应的效果。文中以JZ20-2NW简易平台为原型,运用ANSYS有限元分析软件对其进行冰激振动下的动态优化设计。结果表明,动态设计减振效果明显,可供设计人员参考。     

Stress Analysis and Optimum Design of PDC Die for Offshore Drilling Engineering

The maximum internal tangential stress is a critical parameter for the design of the PDC （polycrystalline diamond compact） die that has been widely applied to offshore oil drilling. A new simple equation for the calculation of the stress is developed, and verified by the test data from Kingdream Corp. of China, the largest bit Company in China. An opti- mum method for the design of the PDC die is presented and demonstrated in detail, and software for the design and FEM analysis of the die is developed on the basis of the method. This software has been used in oil industry in recent years.     

最优插值法在海温数据同化中的应用研究

海洋声场环境是决定海军作战行动成败的重要组成要素之一,海洋的垂直温度结构作为影响声速场的最重要因素,为了更精确更为实际的反映其分布特点,对其各种数据进行同化研究是十分必要的。文中针对海温数据来源的特点,提出了一种海温数据同化的最优插值方法,较好地完成了各种观测数据与背景数据的同化,并用各种数据进行了检验,其结果表明,利用最优插值法对海温数据进行同化处理是可行的,且同化效果比较理想。     

导管架海洋平台优化设计中约束的有效处理

对导管架海洋平台优化设计中的应力约束、桩基横向承载力约束和构件长细比约束进行了分析,论证了应力约束取构件截机最大Ｍｉｓｅｓ应力、桩基横向承载力约束取桩顶侧位移或最大抗力比和构件长细约束取受压构件长细比许用值作为约束的合理性。提出了精细一维搜索算法,并用此法求我件截面Ｍｉｓｅｓ应力最大值。     

Reliability-Based Optimum Design of a Simple Offshore Platform Based on Genetic Algorithms

In this paper,the problem of reliability-based optimal design of simple offshore platform isstudied,and a nonlinear fatigue damage model based on damage mechanics and genetic algorithms areused in the fatigue reliability optimum design of the structure under stochastic wave load.The fatigue dam-age model and the yield failure reliability analyzing model are used in the paper.The reliability of the mod-els and the effectiveness of genetic algorithm are shown by the results of optimum design.     

Reliability-Based Full-Life Cycle Optimum Design of Offshore Jacket Platform

Based on the consideration of operation environment and structural property, an optimnm design model of offshore jacket platform is developed in this paper, namely, the reliability-based full-life cycle optimum design model. In this model, the time-dependent reliability assessment method for structural members is established by combination of the decrease, of sectional size and performance deterioration of material. The initial investment, maintenance cost and failure loss cost are assembled into the model. The total cost of the platform structure system in its full service period is chosen as the objective function, and the initial reliabilities of the layer elements partitioned in advance are taken as the design variables. Different models are obtained, depending on whether the system reliability eonstraint is considered or not. This optimum design model can result in the lowest full-life cost and the optimal initial layer reliability of an offshore jacket platform in the design of marine structures. The feasibility of this model is illustrated with an actual jacket platform in the Liaodong Gulf as an example.