恩格尔乌苏蛇绿岩带与红柳河—牛圈子—洗肠井蛇绿岩带的对比研究

北山及阿拉善地区地处中亚造山带中段南缘,是研究古亚洲洋演化的关键位置。位于北山及阿拉善地区的红柳河—牛圈子—洗肠井蛇绿构造混杂岩带和恩格尔乌苏蛇绿构造混杂岩带被认为是具板块分割意义的重要缝合带,两者地理位置相近,似乎是一条贯穿东西、代表同一古洋盆残留的东西两段,但从蛇绿岩带年代学、成因类型、古洋盆俯冲极性和闭合时限进行研究发现：红柳河—牛圈子—洗肠井蛇绿岩带形成时代较早、兼具SSZ型和MORB型、岩浆源区组成复杂、所代表古洋盆双向俯冲且闭合时限较早,均不同于恩格尔乌苏蛇绿岩带,指示这两条蛇绿岩带并非同一洋盆的东西两段,无法对比连接。此外,恩格尔乌苏蛇绿岩带与北山及敦煌地区内出露的其余蛇绿岩带均无相关性,亦无法有效连接。因此,代表古亚洲主洋盆的恩格尔乌苏蛇绿岩带向西如何延伸仍有待于深入的探讨。     

甘肃北山牛圈子蛇绿混杂岩的形成环境及构造意义

牛圈子蛇绿混杂岩是洗肠井—牛圈子—红柳河蛇绿岩带受阿尔金北东向左行走滑断裂分割后的其中一部分.该蛇绿混杂岩的岩石组合为辉长岩(堆晶辉长岩、块状辉长岩)、辉绿岩、基性熔岩(变玄武岩)及深海—次深海远洋、半远洋相沉积物(硅质岩、板岩)等.岩石地球化学特征表明,蛇绿混杂岩具有岛弧拉斑玄武岩和洋脊玄武岩的双重特征,其总体大地构造背景具弧后盆地性质,属SSZ型构造环境.同位素测年显示蛇绿混杂岩始于中—晚奥陶世,形成时代主体应为志留纪.根据上述特征并结合区域地质构造特征,认为本区在早古生代曾存在已消失的古洋盆与古碰撞缝合带.     

新疆东部三条蛇绿混杂岩带的比较研究

本文综合对比了新疆东部三条蛇绿混杂岩带的岩石组合、地球化学特征及其大地构造背景,指出克拉美丽—塔克扎勒—伊吾蛇绿混杂岩带是西伯利亚板块和塔里木板块晚古生代末的最后缝合线;中天山北缘米什沟—干沟蛇绿混杂岩带是古准噶尔洋壳早古生代向塔里木北缘俯冲的标志;南天山红柳河—玉石山蛇绿岩带则是南天山弧后洋盆的残骸。     

甘肃北山火石山地区早古生代蛇绿混杂岩的发现及其地质意义

在甘肃北山火石山地区新发现了蛇绿混杂岩,该混杂岩由蛇绿岩岩块和混杂基质组成。蛇绿岩块有纯橄岩、辉石橄榄岩、辉石岩、辉长岩、玄武岩及硅质岩等。基质为志留系中上统公婆泉群,主要是一套变凝灰质砂岩夹碳酸盐岩和少量安山岩。野外调查及室内鉴定结果显示蛇绿岩岩块和基质遭受了较强的变质变形。火石山蛇绿混杂岩位于红柳河、牛圈子蛇绿岩之间,且该蛇绿岩地球化学特征显示其同红柳河蛇绿岩相似,因此认为红柳河—牛圈子蛇绿混杂岩是通过火石山相连接。火石山蛇绿混杂岩的发现对研究该带洋陆时空演化提供了新的线索,对北山古生代构造背景研究具有重要意义。     

北山造山带古生代蛇绿混杂岩研究现状及进展

蛇绿混杂岩带作为造山带最重要的组成部分之一,其形成和就位过程与区域造山事件密切相关.通过系统梳理北山造山带蛇绿混杂岩的研究现状及存在问题,认为在北山造山带内卷入的4条蛇绿混杂岩带中,红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井蛇绿混杂岩带为形成时代最古老的蛇绿岩,代表了北山洋盆最早于早寒武世即已开启,北山地区发育的洋盆最晚可能于二叠纪闭合,...     

北山蛇绿岩特征及构造属性

概述了北山地区4条蛇绿岩带的岩石类型组合及岩石地球化学特征,并结合区域地质情况分析认为:红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井蛇绿岩带形成于早古生代洋盆环境,特征最接近现代洋壳蛇绿岩,在该带北侧保存有标志活动陆缘的公婆泉-东七一山岛弧火山岩带,南侧保存有标志南北两个板块开裂前伸展拉张的浅海—次深海形成的寒武纪含磷钒铀锰沉积岩系地层,说明该蛇绿岩带指示南北两个板块间裂解与聚合的位置。芨芨台子-小黄山蛇绿岩带分布于公婆泉-东七一山岛弧与星星峡-旱山地块之间,形成于早古生代弧后盆地环境。红石山-百合山-蓬勃山蛇绿岩带和辉铜山-帐房山蛇绿岩带形成于晚古生代裂谷拉张最大化至初始小洋盆出现的阶段,即类似于"红海型"海槽的环境。     

内蒙古北山造山带时空结构与古亚洲洋演化

内蒙古北山造山带自北向南发育红石山-百合山、月牙山-洗肠井和帐房山-玉石山3条蛇绿构造混杂岩带。其中北部的2条蛇绿岩带揭示了北山造山带两阶段演化的历史:月牙山-洗肠井蛇绿混杂岩带洋壳形成于530～520 Ma,沿该带多处保存较完好的蛇绿岩洋壳残块(洋壳结构具向北变新特征),与北侧的早古生代公婆泉岩浆弧(由南向北岛弧成熟度变高)共同指示了北山洋向北俯冲消减的过程,即490 Ma初始俯冲,450～440 Ma为俯冲峰期,430～420 Ma为同碰撞阶段,400 Ma的双峰式岩浆岩组合指示了北山洋的消亡和后造山伸展的过程;红石山-百合山蛇绿混杂岩带是发育在雀儿山-圆包山岛弧基础上的SSZ型蛇绿岩,弧后开裂洋壳的形成与南侧最早发育的岛弧岩浆作用年龄接近(340～320 Ma),310～290 Ma俯冲峰期造成南侧白山岩浆弧大量的岩浆活动,早二叠世末期(275 Ma)的辉长岩和花岗岩侵位及早—中二叠世双堡塘组下部的角度不整合均反映了红石山洋盆的闭合。前人所划"石板井-小黄山蛇绿岩带"实为一条早古生代发育的深大断裂,沿带发育中基性侵入体及少量超基性岩,后期(志留纪末)叠加有较强的韧性剪切变形。中生代以来的走滑作用和逆冲推覆构造改造了古生代的构造格架,使红石山-百合山蛇绿混杂岩带向北左行切错了十余千米,北山南部的中—新元古界推覆至下古生界之上。对内蒙古北山造山带时空结构的厘定,有助于中亚造山带造山作用过程的理解及其对古生代地壳增生的深入研究,也对银额盆地晚古生代新层系油气资源勘查起到基础支撑。     

塔里木盆地东北缘早古生代构造格局及演化

塔里木盆地东北缘构造带包括了新疆东天山及甘肃—内蒙北山广大地区。本区早古生代塔里木板块与哈萨克斯坦板块的对接带展布于由西段阿其克库都克断裂带向东与石板井—小黄山蛇绿混杂岩一线。晋宁运动(800 Ma)本区经历了广泛的岩浆热事件,西伯利亚板块、哈萨克斯坦板块与塔里木板块曾一度合并到罗迪尼亚超大陆之上。南华—震旦纪古大陆解体,哈萨克斯坦板块及塔里木板块块断区以多岛群体弥散于古亚洲洋内。塔里木板块东段的陆缘区,震旦—寒武纪显示海湾型沉积区。奥陶纪沿花牛山—五峰山—帐房山一线裂解为裂谷带,晚奥陶世末前碰撞期岩浆活动导致裂谷关闭。早、中志留世,古亚洲洋洋壳板片沿着尾亚南—芨芨台子山—白云山—月牙山—洗肠井一线向南俯冲,构筑了公婆泉火山岛弧带及相匹配的红柳河—牛圈子—碱泉子弧后盆地。晚志留世的碰撞初期花岗岩浆运动极为活跃。泥盆纪进入主碰撞期,造山阶段的岩浆热事件波及到隆升中的造山带,在其南缘沉陷为火山-磨拉石前陆盆地。     

北山造山带白云山蛇绿混杂岩的地球化学特征、时代及地质意义

白云山蛇绿混杂岩是北山造山带中红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井蛇绿岩带的一部分,由蛇纹石化二辉橄榄岩、蛇纹岩、辉长岩(堆晶辉长岩、块状辉长岩)、基性枕状熔岩(变玄武岩)及深海-次深海远洋、半远洋相沉积物(硅质岩、板岩)、白云岩等组成。其中辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果为496.4±2.2 Ma,指示蛇绿岩形成于晚寒武世;混杂带中玄武岩地球化学特征为洋底玄武岩,兼有洋岛碱性玄武岩(OIB)和洋脊玄武岩(MORB)的地球化学性质,枕状熔岩与硅质岩交互产出,指示其形成环境为深水洋盆。结合区域地质资料,推测该蛇绿混杂岩带为寒武纪洋中脊存在的遗迹。     

内蒙古北山地区月牙山蛇绿质构造混杂岩带地质特征、形成时代及大地构造意义

月牙山蛇绿质构造混杂岩带位于红柳河—洗肠井蛇绿岩带东部的月牙山一带。月牙山蛇绿岩套出露较完整,自下而上由超基性杂岩、辉长岩、层状玄武岩、枕状玄武岩及放射虫硅质岩组成。蛇绿岩套北侧发生了强烈的构造混杂作用,形成蛇绿质构造混杂岩带,由强糜棱岩化、强蛇纹石化的辉橄岩、玄武岩基质和辉石岩、堆晶辉长岩、斜长花岗岩、橄榄岩、橄辉岩、角闪石岩、白云岩、放射虫硅质岩、蚀变玄武岩等岩块组成。通过对蛇绿岩套中辉石岩、辉长岩、斜长花岗岩、辉长闪长岩及蛇绿岩套北侧斜山——东七一山火山弧中的安山岩、花岗闪长岩等开展锆石U-Pb同位素测年研究,确定月牙山蛇绿岩套形成时代约为530Ma,相当于早寒武世;洋盆发生大规模自南向北俯冲作用的时间为421.0±15~442.4±1.5Ma,相当于志留纪。通过对蛇绿岩带两侧地层形成环境及蛇绿岩带对两侧地层单位的限定意义等研究认为,红柳河—洗肠井蛇绿岩带是代表古大洋闭合的板块缝合带,以该带为界,北侧为哈萨克斯坦板块,南侧为塔里木板块。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861