高温高压下粗面玄武岩纵波速度异常原因初探

在１．０－５．０ＧＰａ,温度约１３５０℃条件下测量了福建塔庄粗面玄武岩的纵波速度。结果发现当ｐ〈３．０ＧＰａ,ｔ为５２９－８１６℃,ｐ＝４．０ＧＰａ,ｔ为５３７－８０７℃;ｐ＝５．０ＧＰａ,ｔ为６０７－８０２℃时,粗面玄武岩纵波速度随升高反而升高,显示出异常变化。通过对ｐ为１．０－５．０ＧＰａ条件下的最终实验产物及ｐ＝４．０ＧＰａ,ｔ为５８７,７２４,８８７℃温度点上的实验产物观察表明,实验产物中     

华中高压－超高压变质富铝岩石的温压条件研究及其地质意义

华中高压－超高压变质富铝岩石为陆壳岩石经变质而成，其典型的岩石类型为蓝晶石黄玉石英岩。矿物温压计估算其ｐ－Ｔ条件为Ｔ＝７００℃，ｐ＝１．２ＧＰａ；高温高压实验结果表明，蓝晶石＋黄玉组合在Ｔ＝１０００～１２００℃，Ｐ＝３．１～３．７７ＧＰａ范围内可以稳定存在，是高压－超高压变质作用产物。在蓝晶石石英岩中发现柯石英及柯石英假象，区域上其它岩石组合也有高压－超高压变质作用的证据。变质富铝岩石为榴辉岩相变质作用产物，从而证明陆壳岩石可以经历＞２．０ＧＰａ的变质压力条件。     

华中高压—超高压变质富铝岩石的温压条件研究及其地质意义

华中高压－超高压变质富铝岩石为陆壳岩石经变质而成，其典型的岩石类型为蓝晶石黄玉石英石。矿物温压计估算其ｐ－Ｔ条件为Ｔ－７００，ｐ＝１．２ＧＰａ；高温高压实验结果表明，蓝晶石＋黄玉组合在Ｔ＝１０００－１２００℃，ｐ＝３．１－３．７７ＧＰａ范围内可以稳定存在，是高压－超高压变质作用产物。     

加荷与卸荷过程中的冻土强度特性

模拟冻土与构筑物相互作用的实际过程，即加荷与卸荷过程，在－５℃条件下对冻结原状粉土进行了试验，发现两种受力过程中冻土的抗剪强度不一致，卸荷时冻土的强度值要高于加荷时的，加荷时其粘聚力ｃ＝０，内摩擦角ψ＝１７．５°；卸荷时ｃ＝０．５８，ＭＰａ，ψ＝１４．５°，当０．５≤σ≤４ＭＰａ时，卸荷时冻土的抗剪强度比加荷时的高１．３－３倍。纠正了长期以来认为两种受力过程中冻土的强度值是一致的看法。     

铁（Ⅲ）—对硝基苯基荧光酮—CTMAB—吐温—60多元配合物显色反应研…

Ｆｅ－对硝基苯基荧光酮－ＣＴＭＡＢ在ｐＨ１０．０－１１．２的硼砂－ＮａＯＨ缓冲溶液中形成蓝色多元配合物，其组成为Ｆｅ：ｐ－ＮＰＦ：ＣＴＭＡＢ＝１：２：４。在吐温－６０下，λｍａｘ为１６０ｎｍ，ε６１０＝１．１２×１０＾５Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１，Ｆｅ含量在０－０．２μｇ／ｍｌ范围内符合比耳定律。     

1.5～5.0GPa压力下冰—水平衡实验研究

水是所有地质体系中最活泼的成分，对矿物和熔体的物理性质合金产生重大影响，在整个地球演化中也起着关键作用。目前有关水的精确热力学数据仍局限在压力１．０ＧＰａ和温度９００℃，本文利用超高压差热分析和超声波振幅分析方法得了１．５～５．０ＧＰａ压力下冰－水平衡的ｐ－ｔ数据，并发现在３．０ＧＰａ可能存另一个三相点，并且在压力〉２．０ＧＰａ，时的冰－水转换的超声波振幅变化有两个突变点，这与压力〉２．０ＧＰａ时     

西阿尔卑斯Dora Maira地块含柯石英白片岩的稳定同位素地球化学与相平衡

用氧同位素温度计测定了西阿尔卑斯ＤｏｒａＭａｉｒａ地块含柯石英—镁铝榴石白片岩的峰期变质温度。石英（柯石英较变后）的δ￣（１８）Ｏ（８．１‰～８．６‰，ｎ＝６），多硅白云母的（６．２‰～６．４‰，ｎ＝３）、蓝晶石的（６．１‰，ｎ＝２）、石榴石的（５．５‰～５．８‰，ｎ＝９）、ｅｌｌｅｎｂｅｒｇｅｒｉｔｅ的（６；３‰，ｎ＝１）和金红石的（３。３‰～３．６‰，ｎ＝３）δ￣（１８）Ｏ（ＳＭＯＷ）值反映了同位素平衡。以石英—石榴石—金红石分馏为基础测定的温度为７００～７５０℃。以对压力敏感的反应：镁铝榴石＋朽石英＝蓝晶石十顽火辉石为依据确定的最小压力为３．１～３．２ＧＰａ。为了通过对温度敏感的脱水反应：滑石十蓝晶石＝镁铝榴石十柯石英十水，来稳定镁铝榴石和柯石英，在７００～７５０℃时，α（Ｈ＿２Ｏ）必须减小到０．４～０。７５。当镁铝榴石在ｘ（ＣＯ＿２）＞０．０２（Ｔ＝７５０℃，Ｐ＝３．０ＧＰａ）不稳定时，α（Ｈ＿２Ｏ）的减少不会是由于ＣＯ＿２的稀释所引起的。当缺乏较多的外来流体稀释剂（即ＣＨ＿４或Ｎ＿２时，就需要有熔体相）。在α（Ｈ＿２Ｏ）＝１．Ｏ时，花岗岩的固相线温度为６８０℃／３．０ＧＰａ，在α（Ｈ＿２Ｏ）＝０．     

豫南高压镁铁质麻粒岩的初步研究

位于桐柏大别山造山带北缘桐柏信阳地段的豫南高压镁铁质麻粒岩块体主要由石榴角闪二辉麻粒岩类组成。其岩相学和矿物学特征表明它们曾经历过温度Ｔ／Ｋ＞１２６１．１５±５０，压力ｐ≥２．０ＧＰａ，２．０ＧＰａ～１．６ＧＰａ和Ｔ／Ｋ＞９７３．１５ｐ＝１．４ＧＰａ等多阶段近等温减压变质作用，有着似大陆碰撞造山带的很陡的顺时针ｐ－Ｔ轨迹。它们形成于地壳增厚深埋和隆升减薄过程中，而终至抬升折反剥露地表的动力学，可能和壳底逆冲韧性剪切拆离伸展等多种构造作用相关     

N-间甲苯基-N′-(对氨基苯磺酸钠)硫脲与铜的显色反应及应用

研究了新试剂Ｎ－间甲苯基－Ｎ′－（对氨基苯磺酸钠）硫脲（ＭＭＰＴ）与Ｃｕ２＋的显色反应。结果表明,在ｐＨ４．６～５．６的ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ介质中,Ｃｕ２＋与ＭＭＰＴ形成的配合物至少稳定５ｈ,其λｍａｘ＝３７０ｎｍ,表观摩尔吸光系数为１．１２×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。Ｃｕ２＋的质量浓度在０．０８～１．４ｍｇ／Ｌ时符合比尔定律,相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９１。方法简便、快速,用于铅矿中铜的分析,测定结果与监控样推荐值相符,对ｗ（Ｃｕ）＝０．８％的试样测定６次,ＲＳＤ＝３．２％。     

膨胀土化学改性对土体力学行为的影响

本文研究了原状膨胀土经化学改性后，其土体力学为的影响。研究结果表明，经Ｈ２４系列化合物水溶液浸润过的膨胀土其Ｆａ由７５％变为２５－３０％呈非膨胀，ａ１－２由０．４ＭＰａ＾－１降低为０．１７ＭＰａ－０．１１ＭＰａ＾－１，接近低压综性，ｃ由１９．９ｋＰａ提高到４４．９ＫＰＡ－６８．５ＫＰＡ，具有与原始土体相近的孔隙度和透水性。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861