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1.
We present the results of numerical experiments aimed at the simulation of the circulation of waters and transport of impurities
in the Balaklava Bay for typical wind conditions established on the basis of the analysis of the data of in-situ measurements. The currents are computed by using the nonlinear σ-coordinate model. The specific features of the integral
circulation and three-dimensional structure of the current field are investigated. The statistical characteristics of currents
are estimated on the basis of the in-situ data on winds and model calculations. Possible scenarios of propagation of impurities from the coastal sources are analyzed
for various hydrodynamic conditions. It is shown that the localized eddy structures in the current fields (in combination
with the zones of intense vertical motion) can result in a complex character of the transport of substances in the bay and
lead to the formation of local regions of maximum concentrations of impurities on the boundary of the north and central parts
of the bay.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 43–58, July–August, 2005. 相似文献
2.
The problem of the numerical analysis of currents in the Kerch Strait is studied within the framework of a linear nonstationary
two-dimensional model in the nondivergent approximation. We describe the actual situation when the motion is induced by a
breeze against the background of the daily average northeast wind. The breeze is specified as acting in a narrow coastal strip
and can be classified as a zonal wind. The variations of circulation near the Tuzla Island are studied in detail. It is shown
that the contribution of the breeze circulation to the total circulation can be significant for the explanation of the processes
running in the Kerch Strait.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 16–27, November–December, 2007. 相似文献
3.
We discuss the results of the numerical experiment aimed at the simulation of the behavior of currents and transformations
of the temperature and salt modes in the Sevastopol Bay in January–February 1997. In the numerical analysis, we use actual
data on the velocity and direction of the wind, sea surface temperature, and the discharge of River Chernaya. It is shown
that the circulation and structure of hydrological fields are mainly connected with the direction of the wind, its intensity,
and variability in the course of time. Since the analyzed water area is shallow, the currents inside the bay undergo rapid
transformations (less than for an hour after changes in the wind). At the same time, the transformations of the thermohaline
fields are slower. Due to the inflow of fresh waters of River Chernaya and salt waters from the open sea through the strait,
the structure of thermohaline fields formed in the bay is nonuniform (both in the vertical and horizontal directions). The
distribution of salinity plays the main role in the formation of the vertical stratification, which is natural for the winter
season. Due to the process of freshening of water, a quite high vertical salinity gradient is formed in the upper layer of
the sea. As a result, the process of cooling does not lead to the appearance of convection and inversions of temperature are
formed in the case where warmer waters are located in the bottom layers.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 60–76, March–April, 2005. 相似文献
4.
The Princeton Ocean Model with realistic bottom topography has been used to investigate the summer temperature decrease in
the past 25 years in Fukuoka Bay. The vertical mixing of the model is expressed by a scheme that effectively includes the
influences of interannual variations of tidal currents and wind. The results show that the historical temperature decrease
in summer has been caused by tidal currents and wind weakening in the past 25 years in Fukuoka Bay. The weakening of tidal
currents and wind gives rise to weakening of the vertical mixing, and to enhancement of the estuarine circulation in the bay.
The enhancement of the estuarine circulation activates the inflow of open-ocean water toward Fukuoka Bay. Coastal water in
summer has therefore tended to be colder and more saline in the past 25 years. This interannual variation in coastal waters
is called “open-oceanization” in this study. On the basis of the numerical model, it is anticipated that the temperature will
decrease by 0.2°C in the next 25 years in Fukuoka Bay if the tide and wind weaken persistently as in the present bay. 相似文献
5.
We propose a new method for the evaluation of the velocities of surface currents according to the data of measurements carried
out by using high-frequency land-based radars. The method is based on the representation of the velocity fields via two scalar
potentials, expansion of these potentials in series in basis functions, and determination of the coefficients of expansion
according to the data of radar measurements as solutions of the corresponding variational problems. The errors of the procedure
of determination of the coefficients of expansion are removed by using a special regularization procedure based on information
theory. The proposed method enables one to fill gaps in the space and time series of radar measurements. We illustrate the
method by an example of numerical analysis of mesoscale and submesoscale (10–50 km) surface currents in the Monterey Bay (California,
USA) performed on the basis of the data of radar measurements carried out in August 1994.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 24–36, March–April, 2005. 相似文献
6.
7.
We present a numerical model of the dynamics of Lake Donuzlav, which enables one to perform simultaneous numerical analyses
of the currents, sea level, waves, and sediment transport. The model is based on the hydrodynamic block and the spectral wave
model. For typical storm situations, we study the specific features of the integral circulation of waters and the three-dimensional
structure of currents, investigate the wind-induced wave fields, and evaluate the flows of sediments and deformations of the
bottom. The presence of intense eddy structures is revealed in the field of currents caused by the bottom topography. A significant
intensification of waves in the south part of the lake is established in the case of penetration of storm waves through the
strait. It is shown that the account of waves leads to qualitative changes in the structure of circulation in the lake and
to the formation of well-pronounced areas of wave-induced elevations and lowerings of the sea level.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 2, pp. 43–65, March–April, 2006. 相似文献
8.
We present the results of numerical simulation of currents and sea level for the Sea of Azov. In calculations, we use a three-dimensional
nonlinear mathematical model taking into account the tangential wind stresses. We present the results of numerical analysis
of the fields of currents and the amplitudes of oscillations of the sea level at the coastal stations as functions of the
maximum velocity and the period of constant action of the west wind.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 1, pp. 12–25, January–February, 2008. 相似文献
9.
10.
Coupled modeling of currents and wind waves in the Kerch Strait 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present a numerical model of the dynamics of the Kerch Strait allowing one to perform the coordinated analysis of the fields
of currents and wind waves. The model includes the spectral wave module and the hydrodynamic block of currents. The influence
of waves on the currents is taken into account in the hydrodynamic block both via the surface and bottom tangential stresses
and via the radiation stresses. In order to take into account the inverse influence of currents upon the waves, we use the
fields of currents and sea level from the hydrodynamic block in the wave module. The specific features of the structure of
currents and wind waves in the strait are studied for the typical wave situations. The results of the coupled and separate
simulation are compared and the importance of taking into account the mechanisms of interaction between waves and currents
in the analysis of the dynamic processes in the strait is demonstrated.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 3–20, September–October, 2007. 相似文献
11.
The aim of the present work is to reconstruct the space and time variability of the three-dimensional fields of currents,
temperature, salinity, and density in the Sevastopol Bay under the influence of the actual external factors in 1999. For this
purpose, we use a version of the numerical multilayer model on the σ-coordinates. A vast array of the data of observations
accumulated as a result of regular monitoring of the Sevastopol Bay contains, in particular, the data on the sea-surface temperature
measured with six-hour intervals (at the hydrometeorological station located near the center of the bay) and almost monthly
vertical profiles of temperature and salinity obtained at seven hydrological stations. The comparison of the numerical results
with the data of observations enables us to conclude that, in general, the model fairly correctly describes the space structure
and rearrangements of the fields of temperature and salinity. Among the most important distinctions, we can mention the fact
that the fresh river water penetrating into the bay is mixed with seawater faster than predicted by the model. We also discuss
the causes of these distinctions.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 5, pp. 23–39, September–October, 2008. 相似文献
12.
The seasonal climatic circulation of the sea reconstructed on the basis of assimilation of new arrays of many-year average
hydrological data in a model is analyzed. Five layers are discovered in the structure of climatic currents in the sea in depth:
the surface Ekman layer (∼ 10 m), a layer with small vertical gradients of the kinetic energy (∼ 10–60 m), a layer with relatively
high vertical gradients of the kinetic energy (∼ 60–150 m), a layer with gradual decrease in the kinetic energy and intensification
(from 250–350 m) of the east cyclonic gyre and Batumi anticyclonic eddy (∼ 150–1000 m), and an abyssal layer characterized
by an almost barotropic velocity (∼ 1000–2000 m). The specific features of the seasonal evolution of currents at these depths
are investigated. It is shown that the key role in the formation of deep-water circulation of the sea is played by the south
east flow, east cyclonic gyre, and Batumi anticyclonic eddy.
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Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 28–45, November–December, 2005. 相似文献
13.
地形变化下渤海湾M2分潮潮致余流的相应变化及其对污染物输运的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用嵌套模式通过流速驱动对渤海湾的潮汐潮流进行了高分辨率数值模拟,分析了开边界条件的选取对渤海湾潮致余流模拟的影响。并用定点观测流速资料验证了在渤海湾流速作开边界条件驱动模式的模拟结果。近年来由于围海造田,使渤海湾海岸线向里推进,岸线变的更加平缓。在渤海湾新旧地形下,对渤海湾环流进行了模拟,分析了地形变化对渤海湾环流的影响。结果表明,渤海湾西北角的顺时针流环在新地形下消失,并表现为较强的逆时针流,湾口双环结构依然存在,但南部流环在新地形下由于受到西部强的逆时针流而变弱,流环半径减小。通过分析潮致Lagrange余流场和调查的污染物浓度分布特征发现,渤海湾的污染物分布特征与Lagrange余流有很强的相关性,Lagrange余流结构影响了污染物的分布特征,新旧地形下余流场的改变也导致了污染物浓度场分布特征上的变化。 相似文献
14.
The surface circulation in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean is investigated with the aim of describing intra-annual variations
near Palau (134°30′ E, 7°30′ N). In situ data and model output from the Ocean Surface Currents Analysis—Real-time, TRIangle Trans-Ocean buoy Network, Naval Research
Laboratory Layered Ocean Model and the Joint Archive for Shipboard ADCP are examined and compared. Known major currents and
eddies of the western equatorial Pacific are observed and discussed, and previously undocumented features are identified and
named (Palau Eddy, Caroline Eddy, Micronesian Eddy). The circulation at Palau follows a seasonal variation aligned with that
of the Asian monsoon (December–April; July–October) and is driven by the major circulation features. From December to April,
currents around Palau are generally directed northward with speeds of approximately 20 cm/s, influenced by the North Equatorial
Counter-Current and the Mindanao Eddy. The current direction turns slightly clockwise through this boreal winter period, due
to the northern migration of the Mindanao Eddy. During April–May, the current west of Palau is reduced to 15 cm/s as the Mindanao
Eddy weakens. East of Palau, a cyclonic eddy (Palau Eddy) forms producing southward flow of around 25 cm/s. The flow during
the period July to September is disordered with no influence from major circulation features. The current is generally northward
west of Palau and southward to the east, each with speeds on the order of 5 cm/s. During October, as the Palau Eddy reforms,
the southward current to the east of Palau increases to 15 cm/s. During November, the circulation transitions to the north-directed
winter regime. 相似文献
15.
渤海及黄海北部的风海流数值计算及余流计算 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
依据黄渤海实测风的资料对渤海及北黄海进行了月平均风海流数值计算。计算表明 ,1月份在西北风的作用下 ,在渤海出现 1个逆时针旋转的环流 ,在辽东湾北部及黄海北部出现 1个顺时针旋转的环流 ,渤海海峡的海流北进南出。 7月份在南风和东南风的作用下 ,风海流的变化形式与 1月份大致相反 ,海峡处呈南进北出的形式。对渤海中部某点 1年的潮流资料通过低通滤波的方法计算逐时的余流值 ,得到该点 1年内表层最大的实测余流为 31.9cm/ s,全年 90 %多的时间内表层余流小于 10 cm/ s。对辽东湾北部某点和渤海湾西南部某点数月潮流资料也进行了低通滤波 ,并将得到的逐时余流与同步风作了比较。依据该 2点风和余流的关系以及黄海北部 6个点风和余流的关系验证了风海流数值计算的结果 ,表明在这些点上实测与计算结果拟合良好 相似文献
16.
Yu. V. Artamonov M. V. Babii A. E. Bukatov E. A. Skripaleva 《Physical Oceanography》2008,18(4):194-203
By using the data array of satellite measurements of the sea-surface temperature (SST), it is shown that the distributions
of linear trends of the SST for 17 years (1986–2002) are closely correlated with the specific features of large-scale circulation
of waters. The extreme values of trends of the SST are observed in the zones of the Gulf Stream, East-Greenland, Labrador,
and North-Atlantic Currents, North Equatorial Countercurrent, South Equatorial and Antarctic Circumpolar Currents. The differences
between the distributions of trends of the SST for some months of the year are revealed. In the zones of currents transporting
warm surface waters from the tropical areas, positive trends of the SST are observed for the most part of the year. On the
contrary, negative trends are predominant in the zones of currents transporting cold upwelling waters.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 4, pp. 32–42, July–August, 2008. 相似文献
17.
Christian J. Noll Timothy M. Dellapenna Andrea Gilkinson Randall W. Davis 《Geo-Marine Letters》2009,29(1):1-16
Surficial sediment distribution within Simpson Bay is a function of antecedent bedrock and recently deposited glacial geology,
as well as active physical processes both within Simpson Bay and Prince William Sound (PWS). Simpson Bay is a turbid, outwash
fjord located in northeastern PWS, Alaska. Freshwater from heavy precipitation, and the melting of high alpine glaciers enter
the bay through bay head rivers and small shoreline creeks. The catchment has a high watershed/basin surface area ratio (∼8:1),
and easily erodible bedrock that contribute to high sediment loads. The system can be divided into three discrete basins,
each with specific morphologic and circulatory characters. Side scan sonar, swath bathymetry, and seismic profiles reveal
that bathymetric highs are areas of outcropping glacial surfaces. High backscatter coupled with surface grab samples reveal
these surfaces to be composed of coarse sediment and bedrock outcrops. Bathymetric lows are areas of low backscatter, and
grab samples reveal these areas to be ponded deposits of organic-rich estuarine muds. The data provide evidence of terminal
morainal bank systems, and glacial grounding line deposits at the mouth of the bay and rocky outcrops were identified as subsurface
extensions of aerial rocky promontories. Radioisotope analyses of short cores reveal that the bay has an average accumulation
rate of approx. 0.5 cm year−1, but that this varies in function of the watershed/basin surface area ratios of the different basins. The interaction of
tidal currents and sediment source drives sediment distribution in Simpson Bay. Hydrographic data reveal high spatial variability
in surface and bottom currents throughout the bay. Subsurface currents are tide dominated, but generally weak (5–20 cm s−1), while faster currents are found along shorelines, outcrops, and bathymetric highs. Bathymetric data reveal steep slopes
with little to no modern sediment throughout the bay, suggesting lack of deposition due to tidal currents. 相似文献
18.
INTROOCCrIOWWiththeimplementationoftimeseriesobservationsspanningseveralsynopticweathersystempassages,theimPOrtanceoftheattnosphericallyforcedpartofestuarinecirculationbecameclearinthe1970s.WeisbetgandSturges(1976)examinedthewindeffectindrivingthenetcirculationintheWestPassageoftheNarragansettBay.Usingvelocitymeasurementsofapproximatelyonemonthduration,theyconcludedthatthelocalwindscoulddominatethegravitationalconvectionindeterminingthenetestuarinecirculationprofileofapartiallymixedestu… 相似文献
19.
20.
Atsuhiko Isobe Takahiro Kuramitsu Hirotaka Nozaki Pil-Hun Chang 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(1):135-141
The reliability of a numerical tide model for detiding acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data is examined on the East
China Sea shelf. The process is adopted for the ADCP data obtained on 12–13 May 2003. The ocean model accompanied by the most
precise harmonic constants available to public is used to compute external tides. The root mean square difference is less
than 10 cm/s between the detided currents and those using the least squares method, and so the detiding process using the
numerical model is available to detect the East China Sea shelf circulation faster than this speed. 相似文献