贵州关岭丙坝铜矿床地气微粒特征

为了查明地气微粒特征与隐伏矿体的关系,对贵州关岭丙坝铜矿床进行地气微粒采样,并用透射电子显微镜进行分析。研究结果表明:地气微粒存在形式有微粒聚合体和单个微粒,以微粒聚合体为主。单个微粒形态各异,有球状、板状、立方状、椭球状、条状、不规则状等,粒度一般在几纳米到300nm之间;微粒聚合体多呈链状、浑圆状、不规则状。微粒的元素组成与地下隐伏矿体具有较好的相关性,且发现较多微粒中含有高浓度的Fe、Mn、Pb、Zn等元素,这无疑对该矿区今后的地质找矿具有指导意义。此外,通过对比不同矿床的地气微粒特征,发现矿床类型不同,微粒的种类、成分、形态等特征有差异,但相同类型的矿床却具有较大相似性。矿床地气微粒特征与地下隐伏矿床具有较好相关性,在相似地质环境下形成的矿床微粒元素组成、大小大体上具有相似性,但其间的微粒组合、形态等仍会存在一定的差异性。因此,可以通过对隐伏金属矿床地气微粒特征的研究,建立不同矿床类型地气微粒特征模型。     

东升庙矿床成因和找矿研究——与张志斌等商榷

质疑了张志斌等（2010）一文关于东升庙－三贵口锌多金属硫铁矿矿床锌矿体和硫矿体的分类及其各类矿体形态、矿石结构构造和稀土配分模式等方面的依据以及一些论证过程,否定了其在此基础上提出的锌矿体为沉积形成矿源层,后期改造成矿的观点和其得出的下一步找矿方向。锌矿体主要有9号、2号、11号等6个矿体,硫矿体主要有1号、3号、4号等4个矿体。呈层状整合分布于石墨片岩中且和后者具有一致的稀土配分模式的9号和其他矿体一样都是沉积喷流过程的产物,其矿石结构也支持这一点。在东升庙－三贵口地区下一步的找矿方向应该是寻找下部的根部矿体。     

坦桑尼亚莫罗戈罗地区班巴拉维石墨矿床地质特征及找矿标志

班巴拉维石墨矿位于坦桑尼亚克拉通东部的乌萨迦兰造山带内,区域地层变形变质作用强烈。矿区内已发现12条石墨矿带,圈定了16个石墨矿体,估算石墨矿物量超过300万吨,矿床规模达到大型。该矿床类型为沉积变质型矿床,赋矿岩石为元古代乌萨迦兰超群鲁匡古勒组特戈特罗段变质岩,矿石类型为含石墨的片麻岩型,工业类型为粗大鳞片状晶质石墨矿石。本文为探寻适合莫罗戈罗地区的石墨矿勘查方法,通过分析含矿岩系、矿体、矿石及矿体激电异常等矿床地质特征,总结了班巴拉维石墨矿的矿床成因、成矿模式和找矿标志,认为"矿化露头调查+激电剖面测量+钻探深部查证"等技术手段相结合在晶质石墨矿床勘查中能起到良好的找矿效果,论文研究可为相似成矿带石墨矿勘查及同类型矿床找矿提供借鉴作用。     

地气测量在内蒙老羊壕金矿区的某些试验成果

以内蒙老羊壕金矿区为试验基地,引进抽气法地气测量,探讨了地气测量在内蒙干旱荒漠区寻找浅覆盖区隐伏金矿床的有效性。并以试验资料为依据,初步探讨了抽气法地气测量中的若干问题,指出了抽气法地气测量中存在微尘颗粒干扰。对寻找隐伏金矿床的多元素地气测量,采用经0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤泡沫塑料吸附为好。已有资料显示可能有超微粒(接近纳米级)物质自深部矿体迁移上来。     

Application and Current Status of Geogas Prospecting in Concealed Uranium Deposits Exploration

The research achievements of geogas prospecting through the mechanisms of geogas prospecting and its applied research in the area of concealed uranium deposits prospecting were analyzed. Geogas prospecting is a new means of deeply concealed deposits exploration that started to develop gradually from the 1980s and is at an initial stage of research in concealed uranium deposits exploration. Furthermore, comments and suggestions were provided for following research work by summarizing the shortcomings and problems of current studies in this paper. A general upward micro-flow of geogas could carry the metal nanoparticles associated with ore body underground to the surface of earth to come into being anomaly halos of elements contents above the ore body, and with these anomaly halos, the relevant information of deeply concealed uranium deposits (or other classes of metal ore bodies) would be reflected. The depth that geogas measurement could achieve for prospecting concealed deposits under the covering layers is up to a thousand meter. Geogas prospecting can be used for investigating in small scales, surveying generally and in detail in big scales and locating the ore bodies. At the present stage, there are three primary under-mentioned problems in the studies of geogas prospecting: ①On the one hand, the researches of how mediums (covering layer) would affect the migration process of geogas are far from enough. On the other hand, appropriate mathematical theory models have not been set up yet. ②In China, there are currently few accurate and practical physical models for geogas prospecting to carry out controllable and repetitive series experiments as well as theoretical studies. It is essential that an appropriate physical model should be established timely in order to provide an experimental platform and a kind of technical assistance for the mechanism study of geogas prospecting. ③To achieve the aim of popularizing the geogas prospecting in the uranium exploration area, the research of trapping solution and sampling and measuring methods should be further developed and the methods of rapid geogas in-site measuring which are suitable for various geologic structures of uranium deposits should be made reasonably to cater to the need of rapid and accurate field measurement.     

申家窑金矿床地气测量异常特征

河南申家窑金矿床属典型的蚀变破碎带型金矿,矿区大部分被第四系沉积物所覆盖。文章通过偏光显微镜与扫描电子显微镜观察、电子探针微区分析、矿石成分化学分析等方法,认为申家窑金矿床的主要金矿物为自然金和银金矿,主要载体矿物为石英、黄铁矿和方铅矿。作者在总结矿床矿物学特征的基础上,实验研究了地气测量在该隐伏矿床上方黄土覆盖层的勘查效果。地气测量使用泡塑为捕集介质,利用surfer软件绘制元素空间分布图。元素空间分布图表明Au具有明显的地球化学异常,同时Cu、Pb、Zn等成矿伴生元素也存在异常。综合矿床矿物学的研究结果和元素空间分布特征,认为地气测量异常为矿致异常,地气异常结果能够指示深部隐伏矿体的产状。地气测量方法作为深穿透地球化学找矿方法之一,在研究区能够反映深部矿化,可以应用于黄土覆盖区寻找隐伏矿床。     

甘肃西部化石沟铜矿地质特征及其找矿标志

化石沟铜矿是近年来甘肃西部发现并评价的最具影响的铜矿床。矿体主要赋存于海西晚期的英云闪长岩和英云闪长斑岩中,近南北向的弧形断裂控制含矿岩体和地层的展布。硅化、绢英岩化、黑云母化蚀变与成矿呈正相关关系,且具斑岩型矿床的蚀变分带特征。表部发育的次生氧化带、硅化、绢英岩化、黑云母化及弧形构造带与含矿岩体的组合是矿床的直接找矿标志,激电异常及化探异常、重砂异常是矿床的间接找矿标志。目前各类找矿标志显示,化石沟矿区及外围具较大的找矿潜力,通过勘查找矿,化石沟铜矿有望成为大型乃至超大型矿床。     

音频大地电磁法在贵州遵义隐伏锰矿找矿勘查中的应用

贵州遵义锰矿是我国二叠纪重要的锰矿床类型之一。近年来,遵义锰矿浅部资源日趋枯竭,找矿工作从浅部转向了深部,对隐伏锰矿的找矿迫在眉睫。在找寻隐伏锰矿中,原有的找矿勘查方法遇到了瓶颈,本文在结合大量地质研究的基础上,基于深部地层、构造、含矿岩系的电性差异,在研究区首次应用音频大地电磁法对隐伏锰矿体开展探索研究。研究发现,通过精细化的数据反演,该方法能够较好地反映研究区深部地层、构造及含矿岩系的展布特征,并部署钻探验证,所揭露的岩矿层位、构造特征和音频大地电磁法解译吻合程度较高。该方法可推广到研究区及其同类型区域的锰矿找矿勘查中,是锰矿找矿预测的有效方法之一。     

Hydrothermal Mineralization on the Mesoproterozoic Passive Continental Margins of China： A Case Study of the Langshan-Zha＇ertaishan Belt, Inner Mongolia, China

Most ore-forming characteristics of the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan hydrothermal exhalation belt, which consists of the Dongshengmiao, Huogeqi, Tanyaokou and Jiashengpan large-superlarge Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide deposits, are most similar to those of Mesoproterozoic SEDEX-type provinces of the world. The characteristics include: (1) All deposits of this type in the belt occur in third-order fault-basins in the Langshan-Zha‘ertaishan aulacogen along the northern margin of the North China Platform; (2) these deposits with all their orebodies hosted in the Mesoproterozoic impure dolomite-marble and carbonaceous phyllite (or schists) have an apparent stratabound nature; ores display laminated and banded structures, showing clear depositional features; (3) there is some evidence of syn-sedimentary faulting, which to a certain extent accounts for the temporal and spatial distribution and the size of the orebodies in all deposits and the formation of intrabed conglomerates and breccias; (4) they show lateral and vertical zonation of sulfides; (5) The Cu/(Pb Zn Cu) ratio of the large and thick Pb Zn Cu orebodies gradually decreases from bottom to top; and (6) barite is interbedded with pyrites and sometimes with sphalerite. However, some characteristics such as the Co/Ni radio of the pyrites, the volcanism, for example, of the Langshan-Zha‘ertalshan metallogenic belt, are different from those of the typical SEDEX deposits of the world. The meta-basic volcanic rock in Huogeqi, the sodic bimodal volcanic rocks in the Dongshengmiao and potassic bimodal-volcanic rocks with blastoporphyfitic and blasto-glomeroporphyritic texture as well as blasto-amygdaloidal structure in the Tanyaokou deposits have been discovered in the only ore-bearing second formation of the Langshan Group in the past 10 years. The metallogeny of some deposits hosted in the Langshan Group is closely related to syn-sedimentary volcanism based on the following facts: most of the lead isotopes in sphalerite, galena, pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite plot on both sides of the line for the mantle or between the lines for the mantle and lower crust in the lead isotope composition diagram; cobalt content of some pyrites samples is much higher than the nickel content (Co/Ni= 11.91-12.19). Some volcanic blocks and debris have been picked out from some pyritic and pyrrhotitic ores. All Zn-Pb-Cu-Fe sulfide orebodies in these deposits occur in the strata overlying metamorphic volcanic rocks in the only ore-bearing second formation. In the Jiashengpan deposit that lacks syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession only Pb and Zn ores occur without Cu ore, but in the Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou and Huogeqi deposits with syn-sedimentary volcanic rocks in the host succession Cu ores occur. This indicates a relatively higher ore-forming temperature. The process of synsedimentary volcanic eruption directly supplied some ore-forming elements, and resulted in secular geothermal anomaly favorable for the circulation of a submarine convective hydrothermal system, which accounts for the precipitation of deep mineralizing fluids exhaling into anoxidic basins along the syn-sedimentary fault system in the Langshan-Zha‘ertai rift. The Dongshengmiao, Tanyaokou, and Huogeqi deposits hosted in the Langshan Group appear to be a transitional type of mineral deposit between SEDEX and VMS-types but with a bias towards SEDEX, while the Jiashengpan deposit hosted in the Zha‘ertai Group is of a characteristic SEDEX type. This evidence, together with other new discoveries of Mesoproterozoic volcanic rocks and the features of lithogeny and metallogeny of the Bayun Obo deposit in the neighborhood emphasize the diversity, complexity and uniqueness of the Mesoproterozoic Langshan-Zha‘ertal-Bayun Obo ore belt.     

内蒙古察右前旗李清地矿区铅锌银矿床探采新进展及成矿规律北大核心CSCD

近年来,内蒙古察右前旗李清地铅锌银矿床在采矿和深部探矿中取得了一系列新进展,矿床的资源储量规模进一步扩大,对矿体的空间分布特征及矿床成因的研究有了新的认识。本文在以往勘查和研究的基础上,对近几年在该矿床探采过程中的新发现进行系统研究,以矿田构造理论为指导探讨了矿床成因和找矿潜力。研究认为,该矿床矿体受复式背斜构造及其配套的北东和北西向断裂构造控制,矿床形成与深部隐伏岩体侵入关系密切,矿床成因为斑岩-热液型矿床,推断成矿时代为晚侏罗世-早白垩世。认为目前发现和开采的李清地铅锌银矿床为铅锌银钼斑岩-热液成矿系统的上部,外围和深部找矿潜力很大,尤其是深部勘查前景良好。     

安徽庐枞盆地泥河玢岩型铁矿床地质-原生晕地球化学找矿模型

开展长江中下游地区玢岩型铁矿床轴向原生晕地球化学分析及建模,可弥补地球物理勘探结果的多解性及探测精度的局限性,对定位和评价深部盲矿体具有至关重要的作用。文章在以往研究的基础上,开展庐枞盆地泥河玢岩型铁矿床钻孔原生晕的研究工作,采用多元统计分析方法,查明了主要成矿指示元素在不同地质体中的富集和亏损,确定了磁铁矿、硫铁矿和硬石膏矿体的矿中、近矿及远矿指示元素组合,结合矿床成因模型,建立了泥河玢岩型铁矿床地质-原生晕地球化学找矿模型,通过罗河和小包庄玢岩型铁矿床的佐证,认为该模型可以应用于长江中下游成矿带玢岩型铁矿床的勘探工作中。     

地气测量在北祁连盆地区找矿突破及其意义

北祁连地区是我国最重要的块状硫化物床成矿省之一,虽然该区分布有我国最大的块状硫化物矿床——白银矿田,以及200多处中小型矿床及矿(化)点,但除白银矿田外,多年来在找大矿方面未能突破。原因在于缺乏必要的手段,找矿勘探工作仅限于盆地周边的出露区。近几年,地气测量在黑河盆地的红层覆盖区先后发现了赖都滩和白柳沟矿体,不仅说明地气测量方法有效,而且说明黑河盆地具有寻找大型白银式多金属矿床的潜力。建议采用地气法对整个盆地进行系统勘查,并结合其它方法,优选出最佳的找矿靶区。作者认为,本区找矿突破可为整个北祁连地区其他盆地寻找块状硫化物矿床指出新的找矿方向,将找矿重点转到盆地区,以实现我国块状硫化物矿床勘查的全面突破。     

在有色金属矿勘查中综合物探的应用

通过蔡家营铅、锌、银矿床规模的逐级扩大,布敦花矿区发现通榆山隐伏铜矿和白银厂小铁山找到深部铜矿的实例,介绍综合物探寻找深部矿和进行矿体(或异常)空间定位的方法技术与应用效果,说明在有色金属矿勘查中发挥综合物探优势的重要。     

利用铅同位素研究金属矿床地气物质来源:甘肃蛟龙掌铅锌矿床研究实例

地气测量方法能够用来勘查隐伏矿和盲矿,但由于其机理还处在假说阶段,方法自诞生以来一直受到质疑.研究地气物质来源有助于对地气形成机理的认识.采用超净环境控制、高纯酸提纯和高纯制水等方法,成功地实现捕集材料空白Pb小于0.5 ng/mL.利用美国国家标准局SRM981铅同位素标准物质和SRM982富集铅同位素稀释剂,采用ICP-MS法首次实现低含量地气铅同位素比值的测定.矿区黄土、红层、围岩和矿石铅同位素组成由质谱法测定.结果显示,背景区地气样品由于铅同位素含量低,其铅同位素组成偏离矿区已知地质母体,可能主要受到捕集剂空白干扰所致;异常区地气铅同位素组成明显不同于背景区,样品点位于近矿围岩和矿石硫化物之间,且更靠近矿石硫化物,说明异常区地气样品有深部矿石硫化物铅的加入,从而为地气用于覆盖区矿产勘查提供了可靠的理论依据.     

地气测量的原理及其在地质勘查中的应用

本文介绍了金属气体和金属微粒的形成、地气流的垂向搬运以及内生金属矿床周围地气分散晕的广泛存在,同时还介绍了地气测量在找隐伏矿和勘查运积物覆盖下的岩石类型的应用前景。     

TEM observation of geogas-carried particles from the Changkeng concealed gold deposit,Guangdong Province,South China

Geogas prospecting is a relatively new technique in exploration for deep-seated and concealed mineral deposits. Now, the technique is to reveal the presence of concealed ore bodies by analyzing the element concentrations of substances that are transported by geogas from concealed ore bodies to the Earth's surface. However, the element concentrations provide us with limited information about the concealed ore bodies. In our work, to investigate the category, size, shape, chemical component of geogas particles, copper grids for transmission electron microscopy measurement were directly used to capture the geogas-carried solid particles in Quaternary sediments overlying the Changkeng concealed gold deposit, Guangdong Province, South China. In the samples, we found Au, PbSO₄, WO₃, Fe₂O₃, SiO₂, TiO₂, and Al₂O₃ particles, etc. using a transmission electron microscopy. Of which, gold particles, and Hg-, Zn-, Pb-, W-bearing particles may originate from concealed ore bodies and can provide more direct information than those provided by element concentrations.     

广西北香银多金属矿床成矿地质条件与找矿潜力分析

文章从区域成矿背景、地层、构造等几方面探讨了矿床的地质特征和成矿地质条件,指出NW向同沉积断裂对矿床的空间分布、产状起主要控制作用．其次一级NW向断裂则是矿床的主要赋存构造,矿床的形成受地层、岩性和构造双重控制。通过与丹池矿带中的类似典型矿床的对比,指出北香矿床具有与大厂长坡矿床和大福楼矿床相似的成矿条件,泥盆系地层与NW向同沉积断裂共同控矿,矿体空间产出模式应都具有“上脉下层”的特点;结合已完成的地、物、化、遥等工作成果,认为在矿床的中深部有寻找似层状矿体的巨大潜力。     

大厂矿田长坡矿床深部区叠瓦状构造控矿特征及找矿前景分析

长坡矿床深部区是近年来在大厂长坡矿区深部取得了较好找矿效果的一个勘查靶区,新发现了77-1号、77-2号、75-1号、115号等多个锡多金属矿体,这些矿体均赋存于大厂断裂F1及其下盘F1-1、F3、F5组成的叠瓦状构造中,锡多金属矿体呈似层状、脉状产出,这些新发现展示了良好的找矿前景。文章在研究该勘查区矿床特征及叠瓦状构造控矿特征的基础上,结合井中物探、化探资料,对该区的找矿远景和找矿方向进行了探讨。     

贵州五指山背斜纳雍枝铅锌矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

纳雍枝铅锌矿床位于五指山背斜北东部,是五指山矿集区的组成部分.区内铅锌矿体产于清虚洞组的白云岩中,自下而上共划分为9个矿体层,属沉积型铅锌矿床.矿石类型为碳酸盐岩型铅锌矿石.五指山地区位于紫云-垭都深大断裂的北东侧,南东侧有安顺-凯里深断裂,这些深断裂是纳雍枝矿床深部物质来源的前提,次一级的构造为矿床的形成提供了矿质流动的通道.五指山背斜Pb、Zn综合异常明显的部位,异常与区内构造较吻合,与矿床(点)展布方向一致.该矿床与典型密西西比河谷铅锌矿床具有较高的可比性.通过对纳雍枝铅锌矿床地质特征的总结及分析,认为五指山地区的找矿前景十分广阔.     

A New Method Searching for Concealed Mineral Resources: Geogas Prospecting Based on Nuclear Analysis and Accumulation Sampling

INTRODUCTIoNThemineralresourcescanbehardlyfoundontheexpo-sureornearthesurfacerecent1y.Itbecomesmoreandmoredifficulttosearchfordeep-seatedresourcesoflargeorsuper-largedeposits,orthedeeppartoftheoldmines.Traditionalmethodsinsomecasesarelesssuccessfulinthesearchformetalmineralresourceshundredsmetersbelow.ExplorationactiQnsmoreandmoredependoncomprehensivemethodsandtechniques-Geogasprospectinghasbeendevelopingasanewandnontraditionalmethodforthisquiteurgenttask.Studyofthegeogasprospectingbased…