军地团结又“兼容”再创辉煌测绘史

半个世纪以来 ,测绘领域成果累累 ,与西方发达国家的技术差距在逐渐缩小 ,某些方面 ,已达到世界先进水平。这是中国测绘界几代人努力奋斗的结果 ,也是军、地测绘界团结战斗的结晶。纵观新中国测绘事业发展史 ,军事测绘与地方测绘密不可分。在建国初期 ,地方的一些测绘队伍 ,就是由军队的测绘队伍转业组建的 ,包括国家测绘总局的首任局长、中国测绘学会首届理事长 ,就是由总参谋部测绘局局长陈外欧将军转业后担任的 ,著名的“国测一大队” ,其前身就是总参第二大地测量队。我们可以这样说 :“军地测绘界 ,本是一家人。”可谓你中有我 ,我中有…     

山东省信息化测绘体系建设的进展与思考

随着技术的不断进步,我国测绘在实现了从传统模拟测绘技术体系、解析测绘技术体系向数字化测绘技术体系的跨越之后,信息化测绘体系建设也取得了较大进展。该文介绍了信息化测绘体系建设的背景和信息化测绘体系建设的具体内容,阐述了山东省信息化测绘体系建设已经取得的初步成果,分析了信息化体系建设中的一些问题,探讨了山东省进一步推进信息化测绘体系建设的一些想法。     

测绘新技术在工程测量方面的发展与应用

测绘在科技的推动下得到稳定提升,为各种工程建设提供了可靠的测绘数据资料,推动了各行业的稳定发展.本文对测绘新技术进行了简要分析,介绍了 GPS、RS、摄影测量、无人机等技术在测绘中的优势作用,从水利、给排水等方面探讨了新技术在测绘过程中的应用情况,同时从数字化、信息化方面分析了测绘新技术的应用发展趋势,以期为测绘人员提...     

测绘项目工程管理浅探

根据当代地理信息科学技术的发展趋势,测绘单位都在加速发展数字化测绘新技术,采用3S现代化测绘手段,开发4D等测绘新产品,满足全社会各行各业的用户需要。测绘项目工程管理,可分为项目合同管理、质量管理、工期管理、成本管理四个方面。笔者经过对项目实施全方位的管理及多年测绘项目工程管理的实践,探求了项目管理的肤浅理念和办法,加强了测绘单位自身能力建设,增加了对测绘市场的适应能力,提高了经济效益和社会效益,为县域经济建设提供了测绘保障和服务,促进了测绘市场的健康发展。     

新型基础测绘体系建设实践与思考

随着测绘地理信息技术体系升级换代和测绘管理格局的重大变化,建立适应新时代要求的新型基础测绘体系,推动基础测绘服务能力和水平大幅跃升,做好新时期测绘"两服务、两支撑"工作,成为测绘工作者努力的动力和方向.本文分析了湖南省基础测绘发展现状、存在的问题,就构建新型基础测绘体系建设进行了若干思考.     

山东省基于天地图的测绘成果目录服务系统研究与建设

介绍了基于天地图山东的测绘成果目录服务系统的特点、结构和功能。该系统的建设提高了测绘公共服务能力和水平,实现了基础测绘成果高效管理,推动了测绘成果社会化应用,促进了测绘成果管理信息化的进程,提高了山东省基础测绘成果分发服务水平与效率。     

工程测绘中激光雷达测绘技术的应用

文章主要分析了激光雷达测绘技术在工程测绘中的应用,首先介绍了激光雷达测绘技术的概念、工作原理以及分类,接着列举了激光雷达测绘技术在工程测绘中的应用实例,其在基础测绘、精密工程的测量以及数字矿山的构建工作中都发挥了巨大的作用。通过对激光雷达测绘技术的应用研究,以期为我国工程测绘行业提供参考性建议。     

关于信息化测绘体系建设目标和任务的探讨

简要回顾了我国测绘体系的发展历程,并对传统测绘体系、数字化测绘体系和信息化测绘体系三个阶段的主要区别进行了概括,进而对信息化测绘体系的建设目标及主要任务进行了重点讨论.     

奋力谱写新时代测绘事业发展新篇章

在中国共产党领导下,广大测绘工作者克服革命时期环境险恶、技术落后、人员缺少、仪器缺乏等重重困难,组建测绘机构、兴办测绘教育、开展测绘活动,从社会主义建设时期测绘事业的初创,到改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期测绘事业的发展,再到中国特色社会主义新时代测绘事业的壮大,使新中国的测绘事业从无到有、从小到大,走过了不平凡波澜壮阔的66年,逐步走上发展壮大之路。     

新型基础测绘思考与实践——以山东省为例

随着社会进步和科技发展,测绘与地理信息行业与互联网+、物联网技术的不断融合,对传统基础测绘提出了新的要求。该文首先介绍了《全国基础测绘中长期规划纲要(2015-2030年)》中新型基础测绘的内涵、发展目标和主要任务,分析了传统基础测绘向新型基础测绘转型升级的必要性,提炼了新型基础测绘的主要特点和需突破的关键技术,然后以山东省新型基础测绘发展为例,介绍了山东省新型基础测绘实践过程中的技术创新、管理创新和取得的成果。结果表明,新型基础测绘是新常态下转型发展、按需测绘的必然趋势,是更广泛应用于政府部门、科研机构统筹规划、宏观分析的必然要求,能够为政府从量化决策向大数据决策转变等提供有力的技术支撑和可靠依据。     

Distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen over the continental slope of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Based on survey data from April to May 2009, distribution and its influential factors of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) over the continental slopes of the Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS) are discussed. Influenced by the Changjiang (Yangtze) River water, alongshore currents, and the Kuroshio current off the coast, DIN concentrations were higher in the Changjiang River estuary, but lower (<1 μmol/L) in the northern and eastern YS and outer continental shelf area of the ECS. In the YS, the thermocline formed in spring, and a cold-water mass with higher DIN concentration (about 11 μmol/L) formed in benthonic water around 123.2°E. In Changjiang estuary (around 123°E, 32°N), DIN concentration was higher in the 10 m layer; however, the bottom DIN concentration was lower, possibly influenced by mixing of the Taiwan Warm Current and offshore currents.     

Anomalies of asian summer monsoon related to ssta in the south China Sea and the tropical pacific

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A New Method to Predict Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate with Natural Geographical Factors and Location by Case-based Reasoning: A Case Study of China

Reference values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)are the key to interpret ESR blood test in clinic.The common local reference ESR values are more accuracy in blood test that are established with natural geographical factors by using the multiple linear regression(MLR)model and the artificial neural network(ANN).These knowledge-based methods have limitations since the knowledge domains of ESR and natural geographical factors are limited.This paper presents a new cases-depended model to establish reference ESR values with natural geographical factors and location using case-based reasoning(CBR)since knowledge domain of ESR and geographical factors is weak.Overall 224 local normal ESR values of China that calculated from 13623 samples were obtained,and the corresponding natural geographical factors and location that include altitude,sunshine hours,relative humidity,temperature,precipitation,annual temperature range and annual average wind speed were obtained from the National Geomatics Center of China.CBR was used to predict the unseen local reference ESR values with cases.The average absolute deviation(AAD),mean square error(MSE),prediction accuracy(PA),and Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the observed and estimated data of proposed model is 33.07%,9.02,66.93% and 0.78,which are better than those of ANN and MLR model.The results show that the proposed model provides higher prediction accuracy than those of the artificial neural network and multiple linear regression models.The predicted values are very close to the observed values.Model results show significant agreement of cases data.Consequently,the model is used to predict the unseen local reference ESR with natural geographical factors and location.In spatial,the highest ESR reference areas are distributed in the southern-western district of China that includes Sichuan,Chongqing,Guangxi and Guizhou provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 23 mm/60 min.The higher ESR reference values are distributed in the middle part and northern-eastern of China which include Hubei,Henan,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,and the reference ESR values are greater than 18 mm/60min.The lowest ESR reference values are distributed in the northern-western of China that includes Tibet and Xinjiang,and the reference ESR values are lower than 5 mm/60min.     

Impact of climatic change on sea surface temperature variation in Subei coastal waters,East China

Sea surface temperature （SST） variation in the Subei coastal waters, East China, which is important for the ecological environment of the Yellow Sea where Enteromorphaprolifera blooms frequently, is affected by the East Asian winter monsoon （EAWM）, El Nifio-Southem Oscillation （ENSO）, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO）. In this study, correlations between climatic events and SST anomalies （SSTA） around the Subei （North Jiangsu Province, East China） Coast from 1981-2012 are analyzed, using empirical orthogonal function （EOF） and correlation analyses. First, a key region was determined by EOF analysis to represent the Subei coastal waters. Then, coherency analyses were performed on this key region. According to the correlation analysis, the EAWM index has a positive correlation with the spring and summer SSTA of the key region. Furthermore, the Nifio3.4 index is negatively correlated with the spring and summer SSTA of the key region 1 year ahead, and the PDO has significant negative coherency with spring SSTA and negative coherency with summer SSTA in the key region 1 year ahead. Overall, PDO exhibits the most significant impact on SSTA of the key region. In the key region, all these factors are correlated more significantly with SSTA in spring than in summer. This suggests that outbreaks ofEnteromorpha prolifera in the Yellow Sea are affected by global climatic changes, especially the PDO.     

THE INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE BOHAI-YELLOW SEA RIMLAND OF CHINA IN THE 1990S

The Bohai-Yellow Sea Rimland (BYSR) is situated along the coast of theBohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in the northeast of China, covering Liaoning, Hebei, and Shandong provinces, and Tianjin and Beijing municipalities. It has a land area of 491,000 square kilometers, 5.1 percent of the country's total, and a population of 196 million, 17.9 percent of the total. Theregion is not only the political and cultural center, but also the most important economic center in North China. This paper analyses current status and major problems of industrial structure and distribution of BYSR. According to the national plan, the main goal in the coming decade is: by constantly improving economic structure, economic quality and efficiency, to double the gross national product(GNP), and to raise living standards to a satisfactory level. To realize this goal, agriculture, energy, transportation, some important raw material of industries, and infrastructure should be strengthened, and the engineering industry be improved to c     

What Depth Should Deep-Sea Water be Pumped up from in the South China Sea for Medicinal Research?

In this study, seawater was pumped up from 150, 200, 300, 500 and 1000 m in the South China Sea and analyzed to make certain what depth should deep-sea water (DSW) be pumped up for medicinal usage. The pumping depth of DSW was determined on the basis of chemical ingredients. The analyses of inorganic elements and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) respectively. The raw data were used for hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that seawater pumped up from 500 m and 1000 m was similar in their chemical ingredients, and was different from the seawater pumped up from other depths. These results indicated that seawater from more than 500 m depth had relatively stable chemical ingredients and could be used as DSW in the South China Sea.     

Measurement of single-fish target strength in the South China Sea

We measured the target strength (TS) of three commercial fish species: whitespotted spinefoot (Siganus canaliculatus), black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii), and creek red bream (Lutjanus argentimaculatus), in the South China Sea. The TS of caged or tethered fish (n=76 total) was measured using a Simrad EY60 portable scientific echosounder at 120 kHz. We evaluated the relationship between TS and total length (TL, cm) for the three species. This is the first attempt to use split-beam acoustics to measure single-fish TS in the South China Sea by Chinese researchers. Our results will improve the accuracy and precision of acoustic abundance estimates of commercially important species and further the development of underwater acoustic survey techniques in fisheries in the South China Sea.     

REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF CAPITAL MARKET OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN CHINA’S MAINLAND

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Regional structure of capital market of foreign direct investment in China’s mainland

Since China’s reform and open-door, the countries and regions of direct investment in China’s mainland have been increasing. In 1995, the amount of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China was US$ 37.81 billion that was from more than 170 countries and regions. The regional structure of capital market of FDI in China has three characteristics: (1) The most of FDI was from the near countries or regions, Hong Kong-Macao, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Thailand and Malaysia provided 80.3% of the amount of FDI in 1995. (2) Only several countries and regions provided most of FDI in China. (3) According to the contributory rate, the main capital market of FDI in China could be divided into four classes, including the guiding market, subsidiary market, new and development market, opportunity market. Most of FDI in China was from the developing countries and regions, which had a negative effect on the size and technical level of foreign capital enterprises. The author puts forward the countermeasures to improve the regional structure of capital market: (1) to keep the guiding market stable, (2) to open up chiefly the subsidiary market, (3) to guide actively the new and developing market, (4) to try hard to start the opportunity market.     

基于资源的“大诚”服务关系营销模式

自20世纪90年代关系营销理论引入我国以来,我国服务业已取得长足发展,但在许多方面依然落后于发达国家。其原因之一是缺乏一种本土化的关系营销模式。有鉴于此,文章提出了适合我国服务业市场特色的关系营销模式———基于资源的“大诚”服务关系营销模式。该模式兼具三方面内容:系统环境内化成为服务企业的内部资源、“大诚”关系营销模式以及服务关系绩效检测指标。