综合电法在内蒙古查敖包银铅锌矿区的应用

随着浅部矿产资源的逐渐枯竭,后备矿产资源匮乏成为制约矿山发展的瓶颈.因此,如何通过地质地球物理综合找矿手段,寻找深部隐伏矿体是目前地质市场的主要工作.通过已有资料推测内蒙古查敖包银铅锌矿区深部存在隐伏矿体,经对矿区物性资料的分析,结合区域成矿规律,提出了在该区寻找银铅锌等多金属矿的找矿标志和物探工作方法.对利用综合电法预测的成矿靶区进行深部验证,发现多条矿(化)体,找矿前景良好,为该区今后的找矿工作提供经验.     

综合物探方法在好力宝铜矿床的应用

本文介绍了综合物探快速评价体系在好力宝铜矿的应用过程.通过分析地质资料和实际地质情况,综合运用VLF、EH4和IP等物探手段进行隐伏矿体预测,在工作区内发现了与成矿有关的地球物理异常,显示了良好的成矿前景.两个验证钻孔都有工业矿质发现,说明该综合物探评价体系在好力宝铜矿的应用是成功的,也显示了其快速、高效和实用的优点.     

综合物探方法在滑坡地质勘探中的应用研究

综合物探方法在滑坡等地质灾害的勘探中发挥着重要的技术作用。这里以河南省某地滑坡勘探为例,利用高密度电阻率法和地质雷达法等综合物探方法,分析两种物探方法的技术原理、联合解释,并结合地质钻探、地质调查等资料,查明该场地滑坡体的分布情况。结果表明,综合物探方法能有效地减少物探的多解性,提高成果解释精度,其综合物探解释成果与地质情况较为吻合,显示出综合物探方法在滑坡等地质灾害勘探中的重要作用。最后,对综合物探方法及综合解释进行了简要的总结和展望。      

综合地球物理在灵渠工程地质调查中的应用

应用高密度电法、地质雷达及面波测试等综合地球物理方法,解决广西兴安灵渠渗水治理工程中地质调查的实际问题.采用高密度电法探测场区地层情况及秦堤渗水病害情况;地质雷达方法探测探明了场区表层土体密实度及空洞情况;面波测试进行了场区覆盖层速度分层及不良地质现象判定.最后,综合分析三种物探方法的探测结果并将其与后期钻探成果进行了对比验证.结果表明:综合物探探测成果与后期钻探验证结果一致.工程实践表明,采用多种物探方法相互印证,对比解译分析在工程地质调查中是必要的也是十分有意义的.     

辞海条目选(四) 物探

[地球物理勘深]简称“物探”.用物理学方法和原来来研究地质构造情况和解决找矿及勘探中问题的学科.地下各种岩石或矿体都具有不同的物理性质,以这些差别作为研究基础,对利用各种不同的物理方法测出的数据加以分析,可以推断出地下的地质构造和矿体分布情况.主要有五种方法:磁法勘探、重力勘探、电法勘探、地震勘探和放射性勘探等.物探工作不仅可以在地面上进行,也可在地面下(井中、坑道中)、海洋和空中进行.它也用来解决建筑工程的地质问题以及水文地质问题.     

隧道勘察中的综合物探方法

隧道勘察中复杂的地质条件给解决工程问题造成了很大的困难,本文概括了隧道勘察中广泛应用的物探方法,阐述了单独物探方法的条件性和局限性,并引用实例论证了综合物探技术的优势及其应用的必要性.实例中,多种物探方法的有机结合,准确地查明了隧道穿越场区的不良地质情况,各岩层风化层深度、形态及分布范围,并提供了纵波速度,达到预期的勘...     

综合物探方法在山北地区花岗岩型铀矿勘查中的应用研究

广德县山北地区位于下扬子地块皖南褶断带绩溪穹褶断束北缘,属于典型的花岗岩型铀矿(化)分布区.为研究该地区的铀矿(化)分布特征,寻找隐伏铀矿体,本文通过开展地面伽玛能谱、可控源音频大地电磁测深(CSAMT)、土壤氡气等综合物探方法,有效地发现与成矿有关的地球物理异常,结合地质资料,推断了与矿化体有关的岩体接触带和构造发育情况,圈定找矿靶区,并于后期开展的钻探验证工程中辅以伽玛测井定量确定异常铀矿化分布情况.研究结果表明,地面伽玛能谱测量能有效圈定与铀成矿有关的异常靶区;可控源音频大地电磁测深垂向分辨力高,能较准确探测花岗岩体厚度,推断断裂构造发育情况;土壤氡气测量能准确指示深部铀矿化信息.因此合理选用多种物探方法有助于提高地质找矿效果.     

兰坪铅锌矿北厂、架崖山矿段矿体地质特征及赋存规律

本文论述了兰坪铅锌矿北厂、架崖山矿区内地层、矿体的分布、形态、产状、厚度及含矿岩性、主要矿种品位等特征,结合矿体分布特征总结矿体赋存规律,为日常生产地质工作开展提供依据。     

综合找矿模型在内蒙古龙头山Ag-Pb-Zn多金属矿找矿中的应用

随着找矿难度的不断加大,全方位、多元的综合找矿模型日益受到重视.本文根据在龙头山银铅锌多金属矿床的找矿实践,总结了其地质、物探、化探等多方面的找矿标志,建立了综合找矿模型,并进行了矿区范围和区域上的成矿预测.     

综合物探在柳林铀矿勘查中的应用效果

为进一步认识柳林铀矿区地质构造、地下矿体赋存位置及发育情况,对该矿区先后进行了以放射性勘探为主,辅以常规电法勘探等综合物探工作,对测得数据解释推理和成果验证,重点分析了物探异常和铀矿体空间分布的关系,取得了良好效果。结果表明高辐射、高极化和有一定规律的铀、钍、钾放射性核素次生晕异常是本区铀矿的主要找矿标志。     

云南东川区播卡金矿地球化学分带模式及深部隐伏矿体预测

为了探索播卡深部的找矿空间及找矿方向,本文在播卡矿区钻孔样品分析数据的基础上,研究了播卡金矿床的元素富集规律、元素组合、元素异常在地表及空间的分布特征,建立了播卡金矿的原生晕分带模型、地球化学勘查模式,提出了不同深度的原生晕判别指标,在此基础上对播卡金矿的深部隐伏矿体进行了预测。结果显示播卡金矿的深部及邻区具有寻找隐伏矿体的良好前景。     

日龙沟锡—多金属成矿区综合物探找矿方法应用研究

通过对日龙沟锡—多金属矿区物探工作的研究分析,结合地质物探工作,提出了在日龙沟寻找磁黄铁矿化热液改造型锡—多金属矿床的找矿标志和工作方法.利用该方法对矿区外围进行验证,认为矿区外围成矿条件优越,已有多个钻孔见矿.因此,可以总结出该区域寻找此类型矿体的地球物理预测模型,为该区今后的找矿工作提供经验.     

广东省揭西金坑铜锡铅锌矿区矿床地质特征与远景预测

广东省揭西金坑矿区目前已初步查明的（333＋334）级矿石量为2245464.8吨,其中金属量Cu：17596.7吨、Sn：5945.3吨、Pb：31536.9吨、Zn：58095.2吨。矿区主要矿体为脉状,均受滑动破碎构造带控制,总体上可分为两种类型：一类分布于灰白色花岗闪长斑岩中,在空间分布上受滑动破碎构造带控制,矿体顶底板为片理化带,蚀变强,呈脉状、透镜状产于花岗闪长斑岩体内的片理化带所产生的滑动破碎带中。另一类则产于石英片岩、粉砂岩、炭质泥岩层间滑动破碎构造带中,主要由多个连续的或间断的扁豆状、透镜体状的矿脉组成。矿体赋存严格受岩层控制,矿脉与围岩界线清楚。本文旨在通过对矿体特征、成矿机理的深入分析,为矿区为进一步扩大资源量提供理论上的启示。     

河南范疙瘩金矿床矿体定位的构造控制

范疙瘩金矿位于熊耳山断隆的东南部,马超营断裂带的北侧,金矿体产于北西向M14断裂带内。本文通过研究断裂构造的方向、规模、分布特征,分析断裂活动历史及矿体产出特征,总结成矿规律。金矿体严格受M14断裂控制,离断裂越远金矿化越弱,M14断裂带倾向上引张部位及断裂分支复合部位是金元素的富集地段,是成矿有利部位。     

鄂东南富水金矿带成矿地质特征及找矿标志

本文介绍了富水金矿带区域地质、金矿带地层、构造及典型矿床地质特征,矿床属中、低温渗滤热卤水型金矿-卡林型金矿,金为微细粒浸染型金,肉眼甚至一般光学显微镜中均不可见。作者根据本区金矿体的分布及赋存情况,结合区域成矿地质条件和化探异常分布,对金矿带找矿标志进行了总结。     

3D electrical structure of porphyry copper deposit: A case study of Shaxi copper deposit

Located in Lu-Zong ore concentration area, middle-lower Yangtze metallogenic belt, ShaXi porphyry copper deposit is a typical hydrothermal deposit. To investigate the distribution of deep ore bodies and spatial characteristics of host structures, an AMT survey was conducted in mining area. Eighteen pseudo-2D resistivity sections were constructed through careful processing and inversion. These sections clearly show resistivity difference between the Silurian sandstones formation and quartz diorite porphyry and this porphyry copper formation was controlled by the highly resistive anticlines. Using 3D block Kriging interpolation method and 3D visualization techniques, we constructed a detailed 3D resistivity model of quartz diorite porphyry which shows the shape and spatial distribution of deep ore bodies. This case study can serve as a good example for future ore prospecting in and around this mining area.     

Natural and technogenic changes in the mode of rock deformation in the uranium deposit in granites

The Antey deposit in the southeastern Transbaikal region is one of the main objects of uranium ore mining. It is localized in the Late Paleozoic granite basement of the Strel’tsovo Caldera formed during the Late Mesozoic tectono-magmatic activation of geological structures in the region. Vein ore bodies of the deposit are controlled by steep near-meridional faults being developed in zones of intense hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations, cataclasis, brecciation, and elevated rock fracturing. The upper parts of the ore bodies are located at a depth of 400 m and their lower parts are traceable up to depths of 1300 m below the surface. The mining activity involves progressively deeper levels of the section, which determines the necessity for the complex assessment of the deposit potential. The mode of rock deformation at the four lower horizons of mines occurring at depths of 500 to 700 m is discussed. It is shown that variations in the mode of deformation are determined by a combination of natural and technogenic factors, which should be taken into consideration in predicting the geomechanic behavior of the rocks for safe mining works.     

西藏日土县材玛铁矿地质特征及找矿方向

通过对西藏日土县材玛铁矿床的调查研究表明,南羌塘拗陷带的材玛铁矿床成矿地质条件较好.经地表槽探揭露和深部钻探工程控制,发现其矿体为似层状;矿体品位和厚度沿走向和倾向变化较小;容矿岩石主要为矽卡岩、矽卡岩化灰岩;矿石类型简单,主要为磁铁矿矿石.矿化富集与侵入于上三叠统地层的燕山晚期花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、花岗斑岩密切相关;矿体产出部位严格受碳酸盐岩层位及其层间破碎带的控制,属接触交代型矿床.其形成与燕山晚期岩浆活动关系密切,空间分布严格受岩浆岩和断裂的控制.花岗岩类岩体与上三叠统地层的接触带和层间破碎带是寻找铁矿的有利部位,外围地区具有寻找相同类型铁矿床的远景.     

Summary of technology for a comprehensive geophysical exploration of gold mine in North China Craton

The North China Craton is the oldest continental block, and has suffered from large-scale lithospheric thinning and destruction, which in turn led to gold deposits in northern China. The decratonic gold deposits in the North China Craton became the most important gold deposits in China, and geophysical methods are key means to detect and discover gold deposits there. In this paper, based on the geological and petrophysical characteristics of the North China Craton, the geological model of the decratonic gold deposits is transformed into a geophysical model. At present, two methods of geophysical exploration of decratonic gold deposits are in use: rapid and efficient exploration on the scale of the ore concentration area, and large depth exploration on the scale of the deposit area. In detail, the airborne electromagnetic,magnetic and gravity methods are used to detect the shallow(1,500 m) anomaly area on the scale of the ore concentration area.Through the ground-controlled source electromagnetic and ground magnetotelluric methods, explorations for targets at significant depth(5,000 m) are carried out in the mining area. Then, taking the Liaodong ore concentration area as an example,geophysical methods are used to discover two prospecting areas around the Jianshanzi Fault in the Qingchengzi ore concentration area, Baiyun-Xiaotongjiapuzi deep prospecting area, and Qingchengzi deep prospecting area. Next, three prospecting areas are delineated around the Jixingou Fault in the Wulong mining area, Wulong deep prospecting area, Weishagou deep prospecting area, and Chang'an deep prospecting area. The anomalies in the ore concentration area and mining area are revealed by means of three-dimensional exploration methods, thereby providing technical support for the exploration of metal minerals such as decratonic gold deposits.     

Geophysical investigation of the Sandalp rock avalanche deposits

In the study of rock avalanche phenomena, numerical modelling makes use of back analyses of the rock avalanche propagation for calibration of the modelling assumptions and parameters. The back analyses require knowledge of the run-out area boundaries and the thickness distribution of the deposit. Geophysical methods can be applied to retrieve the thickness distribution, but, due to strong heterogeneities and logistic problems they are seldom applied. The aim of this work is to assess the potential of integrated geophysical methods to recognise and characterise a deposit created by two rock avalanches which occurred in the Sandalp valley (Switzerland) in 1996. The topography of the site before and after the rock avalanche is known and can be used as a benchmark. Resistivity tomography, seismic P-wave tomography, and active and passive surface wave analysis have been applied on several profiles deployed both on the rock avalanche deposit and in the surrounding area. Innovative approaches for surface wave analysis based on laterally constrained inversion and multimodal inversion have been applied to the data. A comparison of the results of the geophysical investigations with the topographic benchmark has shown the capability of the geophysical methods to locate the bottom of the deposit in the areas where the contrast with the host sediments properties is significant. In these areas, the deposit has higher resistivities and lower seismic velocities than the underlying materials. In the areas where the deposit is thicker and richer in fine-grained materials the geophysical parameters are not able to discriminate between the rock avalanche deposit and the underlying sediments. As a secondary task, the geophysical methods also allowed the bedrock pattern to be outlined.