山西省非物质文化遗产资源旅游利用潜力评价

以山西省11个地级市市区和97个县级地区为评价单元,基于昂普理论,从区域非物质文化遗产资源富集程度、非物质文化遗产与空间载体综合景观、投资环境3个方面建立区域非物质文化遗产资源旅游利用潜力评价模型,以层次分析法和专家打分法确定权重,并以ArcGIS 10.0叠加分析将单项测评结果综合为总评价值.结果表明:非物质文化遗产旅游化利用必须与有形的物质景观结合;手工艺、民俗和表演类等非物质文化遗产旅游利用的重要性远高于其他类;在微观层面,山西省非物质文化遗产旅游潜力较高的地区仅有1个市区、5个县,等级列前5位的地区只占22.2%;在区域层面,中部和南部非物质文化遗产旅游潜力远高于北部地区,且上党、晋商、河东文化区和省边界附近的传统聚落集中区非物质文化遗产旅游潜力突出.     

世界遗产旅游教育功能的认知与实现

旅游教育是实现世界遗产教育功能的主要途径之一。它可以使受教育者认清世界遗产的珍贵价值和《世界遗产公约》的中心思想,提高文化素养和审美能力,自觉遵守“真实性和完整性”的世界遗产工作原则。这些功能需要教师、学校、媒体和政府的共同努力才能实现。     

Rural transformation: Cherry growing on the Guanzhong Plain,China and the Adelaide Hills,South Australia

Journal of Geographical Sciences - This paper echoes a tradition in agricultural geography by focusing on a single crop: cherries. It illustrates how developments associated with globalisation and...     

非物质文化遗产旅游开发探析

非物质文化遗产是一种重要的旅游资源,但不是所有的非物质文化遗产都适合进行旅游开发。根据非物质文化遗产的特点及在旅游开发过程中所承载的功能,可以将其分为五大类别,即民间文学类、表演艺术类、工艺美术类、传统医药类、民俗类。目前旅游开发比较理想的非物质文化遗产资源是表演艺术类、工艺美术类和民俗类的非物质文化遗产。通过对非物质文化遗产旅游开发进行适应性分析,分别对表演艺术类、工艺美术类、民俗类非物质文化遗产提出了旅游开发构想。     

世界遗产地旅游产业结构演进及其对旅游经济的贡献——以山东省曲阜市为例

在世界遗产地旅游产业发展的动态背景下,运用偏离份额分析法和向量夹角法分别从产业结构的合理化和高级化两个视角衡量山东省曲阜市2006—2015年旅游产业结构的时序变化,测度曲阜市旅游产业结构变动对旅游经济发展的贡献。研究表明:曲阜市旅游产业有一定的结构优势但竞争力相对较弱,合理化水平有待提高;旅游产业结构的高级化水平虽然有升有降,但平均水平一直较高,表现出高位震荡的特征;旅游产业结构变动对旅游经济增长贡献度的均值为0.03,周期性震荡呈现收敛趋势,反映出曲阜市旅游经济发展趋于成熟。     

三峡区域非物质文化遗产特点与旅游开发研究

非物质文化遗产是一种重要的旅游资源,有着很大开发前途。三峡区域非物质文化遗产丰富多彩,特色鲜明。对三峡区域非物质文化遗产资源的特点进行了分析概括,即多元性与丰富性,原生性与原创性,群众性和参与性,文化艺术价值高,濒危程度高。针对性地提出了旅游开发对策,即科学指导,持续发展;全面普查,筛选资源;统筹规划,合理利用;突出特色,打造精品;整合资源,创新开发。     

非物质文化遗产旅游开发风险评价——以天津市为例

在对非物质文化遗产旅游开发风险识别的基础上,通过模糊评价法建立多级模糊综合评价模型,对天津传统表演艺术、工艺美术和民俗三类主要的非物质文化遗产旅游开发风险进行评价。天津非物质文化遗产旅游开发风险整体处于较低水平,适宜旅游开发;不同类型的非物质文化遗产旅游开发风险不同,民俗类旅游开发风险最高,工艺美术类次之,传统表演艺术类最低;三类非物质文化遗产旅游开发的客体风险都很高,环境风险相对较低,主体风险最低。在开发过程中应对不同类型的非物质文化遗产的各类风险予以不同程度的关注。     

黄山翡翠谷景区旅游发展规划构想

该文分析翡翠谷景区旅游发展的条件和存在的问题,提出景区规划的原则和设计理念,并就旅游环线、景区划分及主要景观作出规划设计。将翡翠谷景区构想为集游览观光、休闲娱乐和科普考察于一体,以"博爱"和生态回归为主题的旅游区。     

乡村旅游开发初探

乡村旅游作为一种新兴的旅游消费方式,是农业产生与旅游活动的有机结合。文章首先对乡村旅游的涵义进行了探讨,并总结出乡村旅游的特点,阐述了发展乡村旅游业对于发展农村经济和旅游业的意义。在此基础上,分析了乡村的５种构成,认为乡村旅游景区应加强规划设计,并提出规划设计的初步建议。     

国外非物质文化遗产旅游研究综述与启示——基于近20年ATR、TM文献的考察

本文通过对近二十年来国际著名旅游学术期刊《Annals of Tourism Research》、《Tourism Management》所刊载的有关非物质文化遗产旅游文献的学术梳理发现,国外研究主题主要集中在非物质文化遗产旅游的真实性与商品化、政治性质、旅游影响、立法保护、动力机制等方面。研究方法多采用民族志田野调查法、参与观察法、问卷调查法、深度访谈法等,理论探索多基于文化人类学和社会学等相关理论。其学术取向明显不同于国内非物质文化遗产保护与旅游开发的应用对策研究视角,具有一定的启发意义。     

城市居民乡村旅游消费行为特征研究——以长沙市为例

采用问卷调查的方法收集基础数据,运用EXCEL软件进行系统分析,得出了城市居民乡村旅游消费行为特征:出游方式以家庭、亲友结伴与单位组织为主;交通工具以汽车为主,体现为自家车与单位车;信息来源以亲友介绍与旅游宣传册为主;消费水平集中在200～599元之间;出游距离集中在2 h车程以内,以1～2 h车程为主;停留时间集中在2 d之内,以1 d为主;出游频次高,季节性明显;住宿选择两极分化,农家与宾馆并重;“乡村”特色产品普遍受到青睐。     

Globalisation and the pattern of inbound tourism in Australia

International tourist flows to Australia are examined from the perspective of globalisation. The factors influencing such flows are identified and their geographical impact outlined. Inbound tourism is shown to be growing quickly in both absolute and relative terms and to have a metropolitan emphasis that contrasts with the non‐metropolitan focus of domestic tourism. Tourism illustrates many of the social and cultural changes occurring in contemporary society; the nature of tourism is changing as society changes with a result that new forms of tourism are emerging. Particularly noteworthy is the shift from mass to ‘new tourism’. The nature and likely impact of these changes in Australia is assessed. The paper concludes that growth rates comparable with those achieved in the past might not be sustainable.     

The first rural women's network in New South Wales: seventy years of the country women's association

The Country Women's Association of NSW (CWA) is the main voice of rural women in the state. It has been the biggest women's organisation in NSW until very recently. Its significant contribution to rural community development has been overlooked. After its foundation in 1922, the CWA established a widespread women's network, as well as many facilities for women and children. The necessary fund‐raising activities required the organisation of regular social activities in country towns. The CWA has always affirmed women's traditional gender roles, and it has never challenged the male hegemony typical of rural Australia. By contributing to the improvement of rural conditions, to the stability of family life and to local social activities, the CWA has helped to develop the rural economy as well as local and national identity. It has helped women put down roots in country areas. Its future role needs to be defined in the context of the difficult economic situation, and of the changes in gender roles, in rural NSW.     

山西省非物质文化遗产时空分布特征及旅游响应

研究山西省非物质文化遗产,分析其类型结构、空间分布类型与聚集区域、市域空间分布特征与旅游响应、时序分布特征等,得出结论：① 山西省非物质文化遗产类型分布差异化特征明显,国家级、省级非物质文化遗产项目中传统技艺类数量最多。② 山西省国家级非物质文化遗产项目在省域分布层面集聚型分布特征以极核区、高度密集区、次级密集区和带状区域为主要分布现状。③ 山西省11个地市均有非物质文化遗产项目,但类型、数量分布不均衡,呈现出空间不均衡的集聚特征格局。④ 山西省非物质文化遗产项目在时序空间格局分布上呈现不同特征。山西省非物质文化遗产资源与旅游业的发展存在显著正相关关系。     

强化社区参与在我国遗产旅游地中的有效作用

社区参与资源保护和旅游发展是遗产旅游地可持续发展的重要因素.忽视社区参与,将带来一系列不可调和的矛盾和冲突;重视社区参与,更能有效保护遗产资源并有利于目的地旅游业的协调发展.立足我国遗产旅游地忽视社区参与所导致的问题,从社区参与在遗产旅游地发展中的作用角度,提出了遗产地社区参与的模式和思路,探讨了社区参与的有效性问题.     

The Life Cycle of Caravan Parks in Australia: the case of northern New South Wales

The caravan park sub-sector of the Australian tourism accommodation industry provides at least half of the national tourism bed capacity, and in 2009 generated over A$1.1 billion in annual takings. However, the number of parks and park capacity is in decline nationally while both international and domestic demand for the drive-tourism experience is growing. This sets a trend towards an accommodation facilities shortage for the caravanning sector and exposes its vulnerability. This paper uses a case study of caravan parks in the Tweed Shire, New South Wales, Australia, to examine the life-cycle pattern of these parks as a discrete unit of tourist area development and to consider the sector's future. The sector's history is framed within Butler's (Canadian Geographer 24(1): 5–12 (1980)) concept of the tourist area life cycle (TALC). The historical data demonstrate the urban and market change that has occurred around and within caravan parks of this coastal region over almost two centuries. The pattern of caravan park development and evolution conformed to the involvement, exploration, development, consolidation and stagnation stages of the TALC. In 2011, caravan parks in the Tweed region were at a critical tipping point with potential for either decline or rejuvenation.     

上海与长江流域各省区间的旅游互动

采用转移-份额分析法对1999-2005 年上海及长江干流区域内各省区入境旅游者统计 数据和抽样调查数据进行分析研究发现, 在长江流域各省区出、入沪旅游流总量增长中, 结 构性转移分量的贡献影响发挥着主导影响; 份额分量的贡献影响发挥着基础性影响作用; 而 竞争性转移分量的贡献影响虽然有表现, 但其作用绩效明显低于其他分量的影响绩效; 总体 上, 结构性转移分量与份额分量高度集聚于上海毗邻的江浙地区, 表现出长三角地区旅游流 的高度内聚性; 但出、入沪旅游流增量中的各分量贡献影响, 在长江流域各省区间出现显著 的不均衡现象, 上海出沪旅游辐射强度在长江流域自东向西呈现出“U”型格局的空间变化。 其中, 距离尺度虽然是影响旅游流空间差异变化的重要因子, 但省区间的资源禀赋、旅游区 位交通的便捷性、旅游产品特色与供给结构变动、区域间旅游一体化程度等因子所构成的区 域性差异, 则是影响大都市与区域间旅游互动程度和空间格局的深层次原因。促进大都市与 不同尺度规模区域之间的旅游互动, 实现大都市与区域间旅游和谐发展, 全面提升中国旅游 的空间效益, 是中国区域旅游深度发展需要进一步关注的战略性命题。     

The Economic Contributions of Agricultural Tourism in Michigan

Family farms have long generated income from agricultural tourism including U‐picks, wagon rides, corn mazes and petting zoos, but contemporary agricultural tourism reflects much greater sophistication in terms of product variety, services, activities, and marketing. In Michigan, farm operators have moved beyond classic products and activities and the traditional consumer base. New sources of revenue derive from classes on beer, cider, mead and wine making, yarn spinning, perfume/soap‐making, farm markets, fishing, educational classes, school tours and hospitality including weddings and on‐farm restaurants. This case study of Michigan agricultural tourism reports results from a systematic survey of 154 agritourism operations conducted throughout the state during summer and fall of 2013 with a focus on the economic benefits of the fast‐changing sector. This study summarizes tax revenues, sales and employment trends for the farm operations participating in the survey but also quantitatively assesses the contribution of agricultural tourism to Michigan's economy through an extrapolation of the sample to estimate state‐wide totals. Results from OLS multivariate regression analysis intended to identify relationships between employment, advertising and scale to gross sales per day are also reported. These analyses show the importance of agricultural tourism to rural and peri‐urban places in Michigan and throughout the nation, while raising concerns about a growing division between large and small operators and what this growing gap may mean for the future of the sector.     

“新型旅游”视角下的乡村旅游发展策略探讨——以福州市周边乡村为例

基于对Poon的“新型旅游”概念及其形成背景和特征的归纳和总结,认为“新型旅游”具有体验性强、组织灵活、信息化程度高、形式新颖等特点.以此为基础,结合福州市周边乡村旅游发展的实际,提出了产品设计特色化、灵活化、环保化、体验化等产品开发原则,文章认为福州市乡村旅游发展可采取蓝色之旅、绿色之旅、农桑之旅和人文之旅等四大策略.     

论中国乡村旅游发展的新趋势

从中国乡村旅游发展的实践和理论研究来看,中国乡村旅游在空间特种上存在城郊、景郊和村寨型三种类型,从开发模式上以农业观光和农家乐为主体,乡村旅游不仅仍处在低水平开发阶段,而且存在经营理念低俗化、品牌定位趋同化、乡土文化城市化、管理模式混乱化和产业组织自发化的五大问题。立足于中国乡村旅游发展实践,结合西方发达国家经验,从加强特色,挖掘文化,强化基地的新理念出发,文章提出了主题农园、主题博物馆、主题文化村落、企业庄园和产业庄园5种乡村旅游发展的新形态和新模式。