数字与模拟地震台网记录的震相特征与地震参数对比分析

本文对辽宁数字与模拟地震台网从1998年12月至1999年5月记录到震波特征、地震参数进行初步的比较与分析。     

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFER FUNCTION CALCULATED FROM DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS FOR DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING

Recently, several attempts have been made to relate the hydrological response of a catchment to its morphological and topographical features using different hypotheses to model the effect of the drainage network. Several transfer functions were developed and some of these are based on the theory of a linear model, the geomorphological unit hydrograph. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology to automatically identify the transfer function, using digital elevation models for applications in distributed hydrological modelling. The transfer function proposed herein is based on the Hayami approximation solution of the diffusive wave equation especially adapted for the routing hydrograph through a channel network. The Gardon d’Anduze basin, southern France, was retained for applications. Digital elevation models were used to extract the channel network and divide the basin into subcatchments. Each subcatchment produces, at its own outlet, an impulse response which is routed to the outlet of the whole catchment using the diffusive wave model described by two parameters: celerity and diffusivity functions of geometrical characteristics of the channel network. Firstly, a geomorphological unit hydrograph obtained by routing a homogeneous effective rainfall was compared with the unit hydrograph identified by a lumped model scheme, then the distributed model was applied to take into account the spatial variability of effective rainfall in the catchment. Results show that this new method seems to be adapted for distributed hydrological modelling; it enables identification of a transfer function response for each hydrological unit, here subcatchments, and then simulation of the contribution of each unit to the hydrograph at the outlet. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

甘肃省2个区域数字地震台网及其监测情况和资料处理

介绍了近期建设和运行的张掖台网和天祝－古浪台网的情况,包括台站分布、仪器情况、资料处理方法和监测区域的壳速度结构,列出了张掖台网监测到的微震１５７次以及天祝－古浪网记录的３２９次微震的震中分布图。     

我国首座卫星信道数字化地震台网落成

文章较为详细地介绍了我国第一座卫星信道数字化地震观测台网各配套仪器的性能,使用环境及整套系统的运行情况和目前在地震观测中所起的作用。作者展望了该系统的发展前景及其对我国地震观测事业的影响。     

陕西省数字地震台网与模拟地震台网震级比较

对1998年1月至2001年12月之间,陕西省数字地震台网与模拟地震台网测定的地震震级作了比较,结果表明：数字台网与模拟台网的地震震级差别不大,省内地震的震级不存在系统偏差。     

河南数字测震台网仿真前后震级对比分析

对河南数字测震台网2012年1月—2013年4月记录到的80个地震事件,在震级方面分别做了仿真前和仿真后的对比分析,给出其偏差。结果表明：仿真后的震级多数大于仿真前的震级,但震级差均在0.3级以内。对于速报时可不采用仿真震级。但对于编目和研究人员可采用仿真震级。     

DISTRIBUTED RAINFALL–RUNOFF MODEL INCORPORATING CHANNEL EXTENSION AND GRIDDED DIGITAL MAPS

Models based on gridded maps provide a simple and flexible way of modelling hydrological processes at the catchment scale. Such a model is described for humid temperate regions where no regional aquifer is present. The catchment is represented by a grid of 50 × 50 m interconnected cells. These are characterized by the depth and porosity of the soil layer, the slope and direction of drainage, the possible presence of a stretch of river and the presence or absence of forest canopy. Three types of hydrological processes are modelled: throughflow (described by a modified version of Darcy's law); channel flow (described by Manning's equation); and the interception–evaporation process as dependent on the presence or absence of forest canopy. The model predicts the hydrograph at the catchment outlet and the location of rivers in the catchment. These are compared with the observed river network, thus providing an additional means of assessing the model. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLOOD DETENTION OPERATION IN MULTIPLY CONNECTED RIVER CHANNEL NETWORK

IINTRODUCTIONAccuratepredictionoftheconsequencesofaflooddetelltion-diversionoperationincomplexriverchannelnetworkisofgreatimportancetothedecisionmakingprocess.InthisregardtWotypesofmodelavailableforsimulatingsuchoperationsarefarfromsatisfactory,duetotheintricatenatUreofprocessesinvolvedintheseoperations.Thefirstmodeltype,i.e.,thewidelyusedhydrologicalmodels,dependsonsystematicwaterstageanddischargemeasurementsatgaugestations,andtheirpredictionsarelimitedtovariationsimwaterstageanddischar…     

浅析山洞数字形变观测手段的干扰途径及解决方法

本文分析了影响丹东地震台洞室形变仪器观测精度的各种外界干扰因素,提出了解决干扰的措施办法,希望能为同行提供参考。     

“中国数字地震观测网络”项目档案管理与建设

综合概述了中国数字地震观测网络项目档案的管理以及建设情况,为“十一五”地震系统重点项目档案的管理和服务奠定了基础。     

吉林省数字化地震前兆台网建设

“十五”期间吉林省地震局依托成熟的地震前兆数字化观测技术,采用现代化、网络化、智能化的信息共享平台,建成地震前兆观测系统,使吉林省前兆观测在环境条件、观测设备、测项结构、台网布局等方面有了极大的提高。观测技术和数据通信手段实现了数字化、自动化,提高了观测方法的综合性、数据应用的及时性和共享性。     

利用数字地震记录资料识别地震与爆破

利用西安数字地震遥测台网记录资料,通过对波形、P波与S波振幅比等方面进行对比分析,找出陕西及邻区地震与爆破的区别。     

中国地震台网数字化改造的进展

介绍了九五期间（1996~2000年）中国地震台网数字化改造的进展和首都圈数字地震台网（1999~2001年）的建设情况，重点介绍了国家数字地震台网、区域数字地震台网和流动数字地震台网的台站分布、仪器配备和主要任务．      

库尔勒数字地震台台基噪声分析

选取库尔勒地震台FBS—3数字地震仪不同时段的无震记录资料，运用傅里叶变换对其台基噪声进行频谱分析，并计算台基的平均噪声水平及仪器的实际动态范围。库尔勒地震台数字地震仪台基噪声主要来自随机干扰，噪声频段相对稳定，噪声幅度随时段有所变化。观测系统实际动态范围符合数字地震仪架设的要求。     

木垒地震台遥测数字地震仪观测系统及故障分析

对木垒遥测数字地震台遥测数字地震仪观测系统的一次典型故障排除维修过程进行了分析总结。在基本理论知识指导下,使用软件、元器件、计算机做为检查故障的工具,以及采用替换法等,对处理复合型系统故障可以取得迅速判定故障、迅速恢复观测系统的良好效果。     

宁夏数字强震动台网记录的汶川8.O级地震加速度资料分析

通过收集整理宁夏强震动监测台网记录的汶川8.0级地震资料,统计分析了各个强震台的地震动峰值加速度记录结果,进一步探讨了宁夏境内地震动加速度衰减规律,并确定了衰减关系,为宁夏的工程抗震设防工作提供可靠依据.     

吉林省数字化测震台网建设

“十五”期间吉林省地震局建成了由1个区域台网中心,36个数字化地震台站组成的测震观测台网和火山观测台网。应用SDH光纤实现数据实时传输,有效提高了吉林省区域地震监测、应急速报能力,填补了吉林省数字化测震台网的空白。     

河南省数字地震台网自动量算的震级与人工量算的震级的偏差分析

对2007年12月-2008年9月河南省数字地震台网资料自动量算的震级与人工量算的震级进行了比较和分析。结果表明：由MSDP软件自动量算的震级与人工量算的震级偏差较小,且自动量算的震级可以满足地震定位精度的要求,在地震速报时可采用自动量算的震级。