复奇异值分解方法的构造及度量特征

提出并构造出研究两个移动场相互关系的新方法——复奇异值分解方法（ＣＳＶＤ），并利用两个简单的正弦波场讨论了部分度量特征     

图像分析计算水系分形维数的改进方法与应用

水系分形维数的计算与分析,有助于深入理解其与地貌发育、流域径流和侵蚀产沙等过程之间的关系。从分形维数的计算原理,提出了一种在MATLAB环境下,能够同时计算水系计盒维数和信息维数的方法,改进了现有通过图像分析计算分形维数的不足。采用已知分形维数的规则分形集进行验证,结果表明:该方法单独对图像载体上的目标图形(关注区域)进行处理,不受其与整幅图像的比例的限制能够自动确定最佳的对目标图形进行网格分割覆盖的递减等分条件,计算精度高利用元胞数组实现了网格的自动分割,程序紧凑,可读性增强。最后以泾河、北洛河水系为例,说明了该方法的应用过程。本研究为水系分形维数的科学计算提供了新的思路。     

基于改进Cao算法的奇异谱分析法及其在北斗多路径去噪中的应用

研究了基于奇异谱分析的北斗恒星日滤波算法,采用相空间重构Cao算法来确定奇异谱嵌入维度,并针对Cao算法的不足进行改进,提高奇异谱分析法的准确性和计算效率。分析北斗系统不同星座卫星的轨道重复周期特性,通过计算确定北斗系统多路径误差的周期约为86 160s。利用奇异谱分析法和传统小波分析法对北斗短基线解算结果进行恒星日滤波处理。结果表明,本文提出的奇异谱分析法多路径滤波效果优于小波滤波法,能较好地消除原始坐标序列中的多路径误差。     

基于Apriori降维的Logistic算法在中医疾病症状权重挖掘中的应用

分析中医疾病数据库,寻找有效可靠地算法挖掘疾病症状的权重,为医生临床诊断提供决策支持。以成都中医药大学附属医院的诊疗决策支持系统提供的中风数据、哮喘数据作为实验数据来源,首先对数据进行规范化预处理,再通过Apriori算法对数据降维,最后应用Logistic算法求出疾病症状权重。结果:挖掘结果与临床经验相符,算法运行时间也在可接受范围内。文章提出的方法对中医疾病症状权重进行挖掘是可行的。     

均生函数预测方法在青藏高原冬季降水预报中的应用及改进

均生函数预测方法在天气预报等领域得到了越来越广泛的应用,但预测方法没有涉及到图形处理。在对方法、原理及过程进行深入细致的研究后,重新编写了程序的头部、中部、尾部语句及子过程调用函数。经多次调试试验,实现了入口资料调用灵活、多变、计算模拟结果屏幕显示等,提高了预测方法的整体实用性和预测信息的可视化程度。检验得知:该方法对青藏高原冬季降水的预报具有较高的预报精度。     

3维动画在“地图见证辉煌——中国改革开放30年”多媒体演示系统中的应用

为了增强地理信息系统和测绘数据的艺术表现力与视听震撼力,在＂地图见证辉煌——中国改革开放30年＂多媒体演示系统中采用了3维动画表现形式,本文主要介绍篇头3维动画的制作方法和创作技巧,并强调技术和艺术的有效结合,进一步总结多种计算机技术集成应用的良好效果。     

神经网络和主元分析-神经网络软测量技术在污水处理系统中的应用

为了实现对污水处理系统参数与性能的有效预测和处理系统的在线实时控制,在介绍神经网络和主元分析神经网络软测量技术的基础上,分析了神经网络在国内外污水处理领域的研究现状和存在的问题,探讨了神经网络软测量技术在污水处理系统的发展方向.结果表明,基于神经网络的软测量技术能够很好地进行数据分析与模拟仿真,这种软测量技术在污水处理系统中的应用可以通过优化神经网络结构、结合其他数据处理方法、全面预测污水处理系统重要参数、收集与生物处理过程密切相关的参数以及加强对污水生物处理数学模型的研究等方式得到不断改进和完善.     

Progressive modelling of the gravity-induced landslide using the local dynamic strength reduction method

The failure of slope is a progressive process, and the whole sliding surface is caused by the gradual softening of soil strength of the potential sliding surface. From this viewpoint, a local dynamic strength reduction method is proposed to capture the progressive failure of slope. This method can calculate the warning deformation of landslide in this study. Only strength parameters of the yielded zone of landslide will be reduced by using the method. Through continuous local reduction of the strength parameters of the yielded zone, the potential sliding surface developed gradually and evolved to breakthrough finally. The result shows that the proposed method can simulate the progressive failure of slope truly. The yielded zone and deformation of landslide obtained by the method are smaller than those of overall strength reduction method. The warning deformation of landslide can be obtained by using the local dynamic strength reduction method which is based on the softening characteristics of the sliding surface.     

Evaluation of the possible slip surface of a highly heterogeneous rock slope using dynamic reduction method

A new method, the dynamic reduction method (DRM) combined with the strain-softening method, was applied to evaluate the possible slip surface of a highly heterogeneous rock slope of the Dagangshan hydropower station in Southwest China. In DRM, only the strength of the failure elements is reduced and the softening reduction factor K is adopted to calculate the strength parameters. The simulation results calculated by DRM show that the further slip surface on the right slope of the Dagangshan hydropower station is limited in the middle part of the slope, while both SRM (strength reduction method) and LEM (limit equilibrium method) predict a failure surface which extends upper and longer. The observations and analysis from the three recorded sliding events indicate that the failure mode predicted by DRM is more likely the scenario. The results in this study illustrate that for highly heterogeneous slopes with geological discontinuities in different length scales, the proposed DRM can provide a reliable prediction of the location of the slip surface.     

An improved siphon drainage method for slope stabilization

The siphon drainage is an effective measure for the slope groundwater control. However,for the traditional siphon drainage, limitations such as siphon lift restriction and poor reliability in longterm service prevent it from being widely used. In this study, an improved siphon drainage method with inclined borehole penetrating the deep part of the slope is proposed to overcome the limitations suffered by the traditional method. Through experimental research, theoretical analysis and engineering practice,the reliability and capability of the proposed method are investigated. The results demonstrate that with the inclined pipe the height difference between the control point of the groundwater level and the orifice can be controlled to be less than the height of the water column corresponding to the local atmospheric pressure. As a result, deep drainage can be achieved.In addition, by controlling the diameter of siphon drainage pipe not larger than 4 mm, a plug flow can be formed in the siphon pipe, which can prevent air accumulation in the siphon process and a continuous and effective siphon drainage is achieved. Through a practical project running smoothly since September 2013, it is found that the proposed method can effectively drain the groundwater deep in the slope and the maximum drawdown of groundwater level in boreholes can reach 8.5 m with an average drainage flow of 5.5 m3/d. The practical results also illustrate that 4 mm siphon pipe can be used to realize deep slope drainage and restart siphon automatically.     

An improved method for karyotype analyses of marine algae

Modified carbol fuchsin staining method was successfully introduced into the karyotype analyses of marine algae, in-cluding Porphyra, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria japonica. Haploid chromosomes were numbered clearly in the vegetative, spermatangial and conchosporangial cells of P. haitanensis and P. yezoensis. Diploid chromosomes were observed and numbered in immature conchosporangial cells of P. haitanensis and P. yezoensis. Pit-connections of Porphyra were also clearly demonstrated. Prophase chromosomes of conchocelis cells were also clearly stained with modified carbol fuchsin. One molar per liter hydrochloric hydrolysis at 60℃ for 7-8min is necessary for getting transparent cytoplasm for conchosporangial karyotype analysis of Porphyra. Staining effects of the three methods using iron alum acetocarmine, aceto-iron-haematoxylin-chloral hydrate and modified carbol fuchsin were compared on the vegetative, sperrnatangial and conchosporangial cells of Porphyra and the gametophytes of U. pinnati-fida and L. japonica. Among the three methods, the modified carbol fuchsin method gave the best result of deep staining and good contrast between nucleus and cytoplasm.     

Application of artificial slope stability evaluation of improved response surface method in Donggang Power Plant

The study of artificial slope stability has been a key item of geological engineering projects. Though more evaluation methods are available, result of stability evaluation simulation does not explain the actual problem owing to the diversified geological engineering factors and complexity. The author made a detailed study based on surveys of large amount of geological engineering research on Donggang Power Plant slope project, discussed the comprehensive factors influencing the project, and gave analytical calculation and evaluation to the improved response surface of the slope project. The study result shows that the slope is stable, which can provide scientific basis for designing the slope.     

Application of artificial slope stability evaluation of improved response surface method in Donggang Power Plant

The study of artificial slope stability has been a key item of geological engineering projects． Though more evaluation methods are available,result of stability evaluation simulation does not explain the actual prob- lem owing to the diversified geological engineering factors and complexity． The author made a detailed study based on surveys of large amount of geological engineering research on Donggang Power Plant slope project,dis- cussed the comprehensive factors influencing the project,and gave analytical calculation and evaluation to the improved response surface of the slope project． The study result shows that the slope is stable,which can pro- vide scientific basis for designing the slope．     

一种CINRAD雷达基数据读取丢失的改进方法

多普勒天气雷达是目前世界上最先进的气象雷达,已成为对灾害性天气监测、预警的重要手段之一.雷达基数据的读取是做雷达应用软件的基础,针对目前常规方法对雷达基数据的读取遇到的数据丢失的问题,提出一种改进方法.通过对大量数据的分析和读取,发现新的方法能够有效地提取出丢失数据,并且能够根据丢失数据的重要性对图像进行修正,对小尺度龙卷天气的分析有重要意义.     

物质点强度折减法边坡失稳判据选择方法

用物质点强度折减法求解边坡安全系数时, 需要选择一定的失稳判据, 而采用不同的失稳判据获得的安全系数通常存在一定差异。为此, 采用物质点强度折减法对两个边坡算例进行了稳定性分析, 对比研究了文献中常用的4种边坡失稳判据(计算不收敛、特征点位移突变、塑性应变贯通及界限值判据)在计算边坡安全系数时的合理性及适用性。同时, 将Spencer极限平衡法获得的安全系数作为参考, 进一步验证了结果的合理性与准确性。结果表明: ①数值计算的收敛性不能作为边坡失稳判据; ②将特征点位移突变视为边坡失稳判据时, 获得的安全系数与极限平衡法获得的结果基本一致, 故特征点位移突变可以作为边坡失稳判据; ③塑性应变贯通和边坡最大位移随迭代时间步趋于稳定的界限值不宜单独作为边坡失稳判据。      

An improved Mahalanobis distance-based colour segmentation method for rural building recognition

Aiming at the rapid identification of rural buildings in complex environments from high-spatialresolution images, an improved Mahalanobis distance colour segmentation method (IMDCSM) is proposed and realised in Red, Green and Blue (RGB) space. Vector sets of a lower discrete degree are obtained by filtering the colour vector sets of the building samples, and a standard ellipsoid equation can be constructed based on these vector sets. The threshold of interested colour range can be flexibly and intuitively selected by changing the shape and size of this ellipsoid. Then, according to the relationship between the location of the image pixel colour vector and the ellipsoid, all building information can be extracted quickly. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images of two areas in the suburbs of Chengdu city and Deyang city were utilised as experimental data for image segmentation, and the existing colour segmentation method based on the Mahalanobis distance was selected as an indicator to assess the effectiveness of this method. The experimental results demonstrate that the completeness and correctness of this method reached 95% and 83.0%, respectively, values that are higher than those of the Mahalanobis distance colour segmentation method (MDCSM). In general, this method is suitable for the rapid extraction of rural building information, and provides a new threshold selection method for classification.