积分方程法研究均质地基中单桩的工程性状

采用积分变换方法求解弹性半空间中圆形荷载的基本解,按照虚拟桩法建立分析模型,基于圆形荷载的基本解推导出单桩分析的第二类Fredholm积分方程,对其进行数值计算求得桩身各点处的轴力、剪力和位移等,与经典的弹性解答相比,本文的理论更为严密.通过对单桩的荷载传递、沉降特性以及临界桩长等问题的参数分析,得出一些具有工程应用价值的结论.     

层状饱和地基上刚性圆板的扭转振动及参数分析

用解析的方法首次研究了层状饱和地基上刚性圆板的扭转振动特性.运用Hankel变换求解饱和介质动力问题的控制方程,按混合边值条件建立了层状饱和地基上刚性圆板扭转振动的第二类Fredholm积分方程.数值算例给出了动力柔度系数和扭转角幅值随无量纲频率的变化曲线,与单相弹性及匀质饱和介质情况进行了对比分析,并进行了参数研究.     

均质弹性地基中单桩的扭转振动特性研究

利用积分方程的方法研究了均质弹性地基中单桩的扭转振动问题。在分析过程中,首先利用积分变换的方法得出均质弹性地基内作用一埋置扭矩时的基本解。基于基本解,根据变形协调条件建立了控制单桩扭转振动特性的第2类Fredholm积分方程。对所得积分方程进行数值求解得到单桩扭转振动时的扭矩和扭转角及动力柔度系数,并对其进行了参数分析。所得结论对桩基础设计与计算以及桩基低应变扭转波动测技术有一定的指导意义。     

激光测速粒子对复杂流动的响应研究——Ⅰ颗粒非恒定运动数学模型及其数值方法

流体激光测速的精度与示踪粒子的跟随特性即流体中异质粒子的非恒定运动特性密切相关。首先对粒子非恒定运动方程进行了探讨,着重考虑了在高颗粒雷诺数时该方程的修正问题,简要分析了该方程的数学属性,并构造了这类方程的数值计算方法。分析表明,高颗粒雷诺数下的粒子非恒定运动方程为非线性奇异积分方程,而当颗粒雷诺数小于1时,则线性化为第二类渥尔特拉(Volterra)积分方程。以几种均匀流中球形小颗粒的非恒定运动为算例,计算结果与其解析解及有关实验数据的比较表明,数值方法具有良好的计算精度。     

层状地基中单桩负摩擦问题积分方程解法

利用Biot固结理论和积分方程方法研究了表面有堆载的层状地基中单桩负摩擦问题。根据层状饱和土的圆形载荷基本解得出了单桩在圆形均布载荷作用下在时间域内的第二类Fredholm积分方程组。运用Laplace变换对上述积分方程组进行简化。再结合传递和刚度矩阵传递到各个层中去,对变换域内的积分方程采用Schapery 逆变换方法得到时域内单桩的近似积分方程。求解积分方程组并进行相应的数值逆变换,就可得出层状地基中的单桩在表面圆形均布载荷作用下的位移、轴力、孔压和桩侧摩阻力随时间的变化情况。计算结果表明,桩侧剪力和孔压分层明显。     

孔边线状裂纹断裂扩展的研究

本文通过叠加原理和梅林(Mellin)变换,将无限弹性体内孔边线状裂纹的控制方程和边界条件化成对偶积分方程,又通过希尔伯特(Hilbert)有限变换,将对偶积分方程化为关于S(t~2)的第二类弗雷德霍姆(Fredholm)积分方程。通过弗雷德霍姆积分方程的解表示了孔边裂纹扩展时的动态应力强度因子,并得出了数值结果。在特殊情况下,数值结果与文献〔2〕的结果相吻合。应力强度因子随着裂纹的扩展而下降。同时,通过实验,测定了孔边线状裂纹的断裂扩展速度。     

复合地基相互作用系数解法及参数分析

采用积分方程法推导出求解桩-桩、桩-土、土-土之间的相互作用系数所需要的第2类Fredholm积分方程,利用叠加原理对复合地基进行计算分析。通过与试验结果的比较,验证了计算方法的正确性,并对复合地基的沉降、各桩以及土之间的荷载分担情况进行了参数分析。该方法能够用来分析大规模复合地基,具有一定的工程应用前景。     

同伦摄动法在一类线性积微分方程初值问题中的应用

积微分方程定解问题在数学与其他科学领域里有着重要的应用,利用积分,将一类积微分方程定解问题转为与之等价的第二类Fredholm-Volterra积分方程,然后利用同伦摄动方法求解第二类Fredholm-Volterra积分方程,可得积微分方程定解问题的解,最后利用matlab符号计算功能对实例进行计算,验证了同伦摄动法在求解积微分方程定解问题中是有效的.     

层状饱和土体中排桩对简谐荷载隔振效果分析

根据Biot理论,利用已有的传递、透射矩阵法得到层状饱和土体内部受竖向圆形分布荷载作用下的基本解,再由Muki虚拟桩法,建立了频域内层状土-桩的第二类Fredholm积分方程。通过离散方法求解积分方程,得到了评价隔振效果的振幅比。与已知文献结果比较,验证了方法的正确性。数值结果表明：对于同种类型的振源,采用相同的隔振系统,在上软下硬的多层土体中的隔振效果比在上硬下软的土层中要好。采用较长的桩或刚度较大的桩,或桩之间的距离加密都可得到好的隔振效果。     

水气二相流方程的一种离散数值解法

提出了水气二相流方程的一种数值解法.在利用有限元方法求解水气二相流方程时,引入了离散Newton迭代方法,用于非线性有限元方程组的线性化处理,将这一步计算的收敛阶由原有研究的线性收敛提高到平方收敛,并避免了直接应用Newton迭代方法给编程带来的不便.同时在求解两相的有限元方程组时,采用两相方程组并行迭代的方法,与联立计算相比节省了大量的内存空间.     

A global approach to reactive transport: application to the MoMas benchmark

Water resource management involves numerical simulations in order to study contamination of groundwater by chemical species. Not only do the aqueous components move due to physical advection and dispersion processes, but they also react together and with fixed components. Therefore, the mass balance couples transport and chemistry, and reactive transport models are partial differential equations coupled with nonlinear algebraic equations. In this paper, we present a global method based on the method of lines and differential algebraic system (DAE) solvers. At each time step, nonlinear systems are solved by a Newton-LU method. We use this method to carry out numerical simulations for the reactive transport benchmark proposed by the MoMas research group. Although we study only 1D computations with a specific geochemical system, several difficulties arise. Numerical experiments show that our method can solve quite difficult problems, get accurate results and capture sharp fronts.     

Identification of diffusion parameters in a nonlinear convection–diffusion equation using the augmented Lagrangian method

Numerical identification of diffusion parameters in a nonlinear convection–diffusion equation is studied. This partial differential equation arises as the saturation equation in the fractional flow formulation of the two-phase porous media flow equations. The forward problem is discretized with the finite difference method, and the identification problem is formulated as a constrained minimization problem. We utilize the augmented Lagrangian method and transform the minimization problem into a coupled system of nonlinear algebraic equations, which is solved efficiently with the nonlinear conjugate gradient method. Numerical experiments are presented and discussed. This work was partially supported by the Research Council of Norway (NFR), under grant 128224/431.     

A new model for the vibration isolation via pile rows consisting of infinite number of piles

In this study, on the basis of the Floquet transform method, a numerical model for the simulation of the vibration isolation via multiple periodic pile rows with infinite number of piles is established. By means of the fictitious pile method due to Muki and Sternberg, the second kind of Fredholm integral equations for the pile rows are developed by using the fundamental solutions for the half‐space and the compatibility conditions between the piles and half‐space. Employing the Floquet transform method, integral equations for the pile rows in the wavenumber domain are then derived. Solution of the integral equations yields the wavenumber domain solution for the pile rows. The space domain solution can then be retrieved by inversion of the Floquet transform. Numerical results show that the proposed model with the Floquet transform method is in a good agreement with those of the conventional direct superposition method. On the basis of the new model, influences of the spacing between neighboring piles, the Young's modulus of the piles, and the pile length on the vibration isolation effect of the pile rows are investigated. Numerical simulations conducted in this study show that compared with the direct superposition method, the efficiency of the proposed model for simulation of the vibration isolation via pile rows is very high. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

解非光滑方程组的Newton-GMRES算法

给出了求解非光滑方程组的Newton—GMRES迭代法。该方法在求解半光滑方程组时，不需要计算广义Jacobi矩阵，同时使求解相应广义Newton方程组也变得容易。尤其对于大型问题，该方法特别适用。数值例子显示了这种方法的有效性。     

A study of ground‐structure interaction in dynamic plate load testing

A mathematical treatment is presented for the forced vertical vibration of a padded annular footing on a layered viscoelastic half‐space. On assuming a depth‐independent stress distribution for the interfacial buffer, the set of triple integral equations stemming from the problem is reduced to a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The solution method, which is tailored to capture the stress concentrations beneath footing edges, is highlighted. To cater to small‐scale geophysical applications, the model is used to investigate the near‐field effects of ground‐loading system interaction in dynamic geotechnical and pavement testing. Numerical results indicate that the uniform‐pressure assumption for the contact load between the composite disc and the ground which is customary in dynamic plate load testing may lead to significant errors in the diagnosis of subsurface soil and pavement conditions. Beyond its direct application to non‐intrusive site characterization, the proposed solution can be used in the seismic analysis of a variety of structures involving annular foundation geometries. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

广义Gibson饱和地基中刚性圆板的扭转柔度系数

考虑到地基在竖直方向上的非均匀性,结合扭转振动的特点,建立了简谐扭转动荷载作用时剪切模量随深度增大的广义Gibson饱和地基的动力方程,通过积分变换求解了动力方程。考虑到半空间地基表面处应力自由、埋置圆板所在平面为混合边界和无穷深度处为波的辐射边界等条件,得到了广义Gibson饱和地基中刚性圆板扭转振动时的对偶积分方程,通过合适的变换转化成了一个第2类Fredholm积分方程,求解了相应的动力响应问题。对比静扭距作用时的荷载-位移关系,给出了动力柔度系数和扭转角位移幅值的表达式,并把所研究的问题进行退化且与前人成果进行了对比。数值研究表明：当基础的埋置深度小于5倍基础半径时,广义Gibson饱和地基中埋置基础的扭转振动存在明显的边界层现象,且埋置深度越小,边界层现象越明显。     

标量拟解析近似方法模拟立方体的异常电场

拟解析近似方法是一种求解积分方程的一种近似方法,它可以处理强散射或者大扰动的电磁散射问题,在计算过程中避免了传统微分数值方法解决问题时所遇到的大型矩阵或大型代数方程组的求解。孙建国[5]将其引入直流电场的积分方程中,并给出了求解异常电场积分方程的标量拟解析近似公式。在以前的研究中,已经验证了均匀场中异常球体的拟解析近似解的精度,这里对均匀场中的立方体异常体进行数值模拟,得到了直流电场中异常立方体模型的标量拟解析近似解。由于复杂地电模型可以用立方体的组合进行模拟,因此对立方体异常电场拟解析近似解的研究,为三维直流电场中复杂地电模型的快速正反演模拟打下了基础。