Uranium Mineralization Type and Its Recognition Remark in Liaodong Peninsula

Liaodong peninsula is located in the northeastern part of North China Platform. The basement of platform in this district is composed of Archean - Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks and granitic complex with sedimentary rocks covering.Mesozoic and Cenozoic rocks sporadically occur in some subsidence basins. Multiple tectonic movements and metamorphism and magmatism with multi - mineralization following formed various U deposits. Based on knowledge obtained from long standing working, this paper presents an overview of crust evolution and different U mineralization at last proposes the forming conditions and recognition for U ore.     

Activity of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano Since Late Pleistocene--The Constrain From Geochronology of High Precision U- Series Tims Method

11 samples of lava and pumice from the cone of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano, Jiling, China, were dated by using high precision U - series TIMS method. We conclude that the bottom of the cone formed before 350 ka, the middle part in 70～80 ka, the upper during 20～ 1ka, and the top less than 1ka, and the age based periods of the volcano eruption since Late Pleistocene is given as follows: ＞ 350ka, 70ka, 18 ～ 25ka, 10ka, 4C5ka, 1～0.75ka, which may offer the basis for the study of volcanic disaster in future. In addition, the principle of dating young volcanic rocks by using U - series TIMS method is introduced briefly. Differentiation characteristics of U and Th in different minerals of the volcanic rocks are discussed, and the ability producing isochrons, based on U and Th differentiation, are discussed. In the last part of the paper,the closure of samples to the elements U and Th, which is important for age results, is discussed by using (234U/238U)radioactivity ratio which can be used to monitor if the samples have been weathered or eroded or leached since the time they formed. In this study, all samples have (234U/238U) activity ratios within 1% of secular equilibrium ((234U/238U) radioactivity ratios are unity), indicating no disturbance of the 234U- 238U system. All of these discussions show that the TIMS method is good to date Tianchi volcanics and the results are reliable.     

Planation surfaces on the Tibet Plateau, China

A planation hypothesis is proposed to explain landform evolution of the Tibet Plateau. A denudation threshold （T）, the maximum potential denudation rate for a certain type of rock, is introduced to explain the combined effects of lithology and tectonics on landform evolution. If the tectonic uplifting rate （U） is equal to or less than the threshold rate （U ≤ T）, the tectonic uplifting and terrain denudation are in dynamic equilibrium, and landforms are in a steady state. The end product should be planation surfaces whether the original landforms are flat plains or deeply dissected mountains. If U 〉 T, uplift and denudation are not able to reach a dynamic equilibrium state. The plateau surface is mostly underlain by soft rocks, such as the Mesozoic epimetamorphic argillites and Tertiary sedimentary rocks, while the mountain ranges comprise hard rocks, such as granite, gneiss and limestone. In soft rock regions, hills are low with a relative relief of mostly less than 100 m and the slopes are gentle at a gradient of 〈200. In contrast, hills can maintain steep slopes in hard rock regions. The Tibet Plateau has been under an equilibrium condition between tectonic uplifting and denudation except for the mountain ranges. The plateau might have reached the present altitudes before the Quaternary.     

Methane-rich fluid inclusions and their hosting volcanic reservoir rocks of the Songliao Basin, NE China

Methane-rich fluids were recognized to be hosted in the reservoir volcanic rocks as primary inclusions.Samples were collected from core-drillings of volcanic gas reservoirs with reversed δ12C of alkane in the Xujiaweizi depression of the Songliao Basin. The volcanic rocks are rhyolite dominant being enriched in the more incompatible elements like Cs, Rb, Ba, Th, U and Th with relative high LREE, depleted HREE and negative anomalies of Ti and Nb,suggesting a melt involving both in mantle source and crustal assimilation. Primary fluids hosted in the volcanic rocks should have the same provenance with the magma. The authors concluded that the enclosed CH4 in the volcanics are mantle/magma-derived alkane and the reversed δ13C of alkane in the corresponding gas reservoirs is partly resulted from mixture between biogenic and abiogenic gases.     

渤海海域中生界火成岩岩性测井识别技术及应用

渤海海域中生界火成岩具有岩石类型多样,岩石结构复杂的特点,识别难度较大。钻井统计表明,研究区中生界以中基性喷出岩和酸性侵入岩为主,综合地质学分类以及测井响应特征,建立了研究区火成岩“成分-结构-构造”三端元分类方案,并提出了岩石成分、结构、构造单因素并行识别,综合命名的识别思路:成分上,由基性岩到酸性岩,元素测井上表现为由高铁低硅向高硅低铁变化,伽马能谱上铀、钍、钾以及总的自然伽马均不断升高,常规测井上酸性岩具有高伽马低密度的特点,基性岩与之相反;结构上,常规测井资料可初步判别岩石结构,成像测井可对熔岩结构、角砾结构、凝灰结构以及岩石蚀变结构进行精细识别;成像测井上可识别出块状构造、似流动构造以及气孔、杏仁构造,对有效判别侵入岩与喷出岩具有重要指示意义。利用该方法对重点井进行了分析,识别结果与壁心薄片鉴定结果一致,说明效果可靠。      

安徽南陵—宣城地区岩浆岩锆石U-Pb年龄及元素地球化学特征

安徽南陵-宣城地区是一个中-新生代火山-沉积盆地,位于长江中下游构造-岩浆-成矿带东北段的东南翼。对该区发育的岩浆岩开展了较为系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及岩石主量、微量和稀土元素分析,并与长江中下游构造-岩浆-成矿带其他地区岩浆岩进行对比,旨在确定岩浆岩的成岩时代、探讨岩浆岩成因及其与成矿的关系。南陵-宣城地区岩浆岩一部分侵入于盆地基底中,另一部分喷发形成盆地盖层,还有一部分产于盆地之上的推覆构造(体)中。侵入岩的岩性主要为花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩、辉石闪长岩等,火山岩主要为英安质火山碎屑岩和熔岩。获得的侵入岩锆石U-Pb年龄主要为138~135 Ma,火山岩年龄均小于134 Ma,表明岩浆作用发生于晚中生代(燕山晚期)早白垩世。岩浆岩主量元素显示高Si、K的特征,为亚碱性高钾钙碱性系列岩石;微量元素组成显示岩浆岩富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,火山岩比侵入岩较为亏损Sr和P;球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式均表现为富集轻稀土元素的右倾模式和较弱的Eu负异常。元素地球化学特征指示区内岩浆岩具有壳幔混源且以幔源为主的特征。南陵-宣城地区既发育与长江中下游构造-岩浆-成矿带隆起区(如铜陵地区)同位素地质年龄和地球化学特征基本一致的侵入岩,又发育与凹陷区(如庐枞、宁芜等盆地)同位素地质年龄和地球化学特征基本一致的火山-次火山岩,显示该区晚中生代岩浆作用具有长江中下游构造-岩浆-成矿带隆起区和凹陷区的双重特征。岩浆作用的双重特征暗示与其有关的成矿作用也可能具有双重性,即既可能发育与隆起区侵入岩浆作用有关的斑岩型、矽卡岩型和脉型铜金等多金属矿床,也可能发育与凹陷区火山-次火山岩有关的玢岩型铁(硫)矿床。     

鲁村煤矿井底车场钢管混凝土支架支护应用

沂源县鲁村煤矿-270m井底车场围岩为泥质粉砂岩,强度低,含粘土矿物,吸水膨胀,传统的支护方式难以保证巷道稳定,采用钢管混凝土支架进行支护试验。分析了-270m井底车场围岩地质特征,提出基于钢管混凝土支架的综合支护方案,最后通过理论验算证实钢管混凝土支架承载能力为U29型钢支架4倍,满足巷道支护要求。     

Characteristics and tectonic setting of volcanic rocks in Early Cretaceous Baiyingaolao Formation of Keyouzhongqi area，Inner Mongolia

The authors studied zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating,the zircon Hf isotope and geochemistry of acidic volcanic rocks in Baiyingaolao Formation of Keyouzhongqi area,Inner Mongolia,and discussed the chronology, source region and tectonic setting of the volcanic rocks in the studied area． The clear oscillatory zoning of zir- cons indicates a typical magmatic origin,and the results of dating show that the volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation were formed in Early Cretaceous (121.5 ±1.0 Ma)． The features of major and trace elements show that the rocks are alkali-rich,poor in calcium and magnesium with enrichment in LILEs like Th,U,K and Gd and depletion in HFSEs,e.g. Nb,Ta,Sr and Ti． The fact implies that they were the products of partial melting of the crust． εHf(t) = ( +6.30--+9.06) and TDM2=600--835 Ma,suggest the magma originated from par- tial melting of the young crust． Combined with the evolution of regional tectonic structure,the authors conclude that the acidic volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation may be formed under the extensional environment relat- ed to the subduction of Paleo-Pacific Plate．     

内蒙古乌兰敖包地区流纹质凝灰熔岩锆石U——Pb年龄及其地质意义

运用LAICPMS技术，对内蒙古乌兰敖包地区原“阿木山组”之上所采集的流纹质凝灰熔岩样品进行锆石UPb测年，获得19个有效数据，年龄范围分布为（248±5）~（277±5）Ma，主要峰值263~248Ma(17个数据)，另有2个数据为273Ma、277Ma与其他17个数据不协调，这可能是岩浆从外部带入的早期结晶锆石。根据样品岩石学特征及UPb年代学特征，结合区域构造演化等，分析认为研究区在晚二叠世早期(255.2±2.4）Ma有一定规模的熔岩喷发，该套海相火山碎屑岩层位与银额盆地北部地区哈尔苏海组地层相当，可归入哈尔苏海组。     

Geochemistry and tectonic significance of Early Cretaceous granites in Highland 1248 of Daxing'anling

The Early Cretaceous granitic complex in Highland 1248 of Daxing''anling successively consists of in- truded granodiorite,monzonite granite and syenite granite． Through test analysis on the major,trace and rare earth elements of the intrusive complex,this study focuses on the source characteristics and tectonic environ- ment of the original magma of intrusive complex． The results show that the intrusive rocks in Highland 1248 are meta-aluminous-peraluminous rocks in calc-alkaline series with homologous characteristics in δEu negative anomalies; the complex is enriched in LILE (Ｒb,Cs and K) and depleted in HFSE (lanthanide,Sc,Y,U, Nb and Ta),displaying the geochemical characteristics of I-type granites in active continental-margin subduc- tion zones． The complex also has the characteristics of granites after the collision of plate with rich aluminum and high potassium,but significantly depleted Nb,Ta,Ti,P and other elements,i． e． in the orogenic evolu- tionary stage． The zircon U-Pb SHＲIMP isotopic apparent age of the complex in Highland 1248 is 140． 0--141. 0 Ma,and the formation time is in Early Cretaceous．     

内蒙古崇根山地区超基性岩岩石地球化学特征及构造环境分析

针对出露在二连浩特-贺根山缝合带东段的崇根山超基性岩进行了野外地质调查、岩石学和岩石地球化学方面的分析研究,结果显示:崇根山超基性岩已发生了强烈蛇纹石化,基本已经蚀变成蛇纹岩;主量元素表现出高Mg(w(MgO)=36.00%~38.25%)、高Cr(w(Cr2O3)=0.17%~0.46%)、高Ni(w(NiO)=0.21%~0.24%)、低Si(w(SiO2)=39.79%~42.35%)、贫Al(w(Al2O3)=1.04%~1.96%)、低Fe(w(FeOT)=6.79%~9.47%)的特征,其Mg#值为90.05~93.04,m/f值为8.72~11.60,属典型的镁质超基性岩,原岩可能为方辉橄榄岩;稀土元素总量很低,w(∑REE)为1.28×10^-6~2.94×10^-6,稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素微弱富集的近平坦型,其(La/Yb)N为2.25~5.95,具一定程度的负Eu异常(δEu=0.35~1.16)和负Ce异常(δCe=0.48~0.68);微量元素富集Ba,U,Ta,亏损Nb,Ti。崇根山超基性岩属变质橄榄岩,是SSZ型蛇绿岩的底部组成单元,为原始地幔经5%~15%部分熔融形成的亏损地幔岩,形成于俯冲带环境中的洋内弧后盆地环境。     

Mycobiota of the disused ore mine of Marcinków in?nie?nik Masiff(western Poland)

Marcinków(Lower Silesia, ?nie?nik Masiff,south-western Poland) has been a well-known mining centre since the mid-15 th century. Mineral extraction ended in 1949 with the ores of Pb, Ag, Cu and occasionally Au, U or graphite mined there. The mine is surrounded by metamorphic graphite and mica schist. It is not open to the public and no bats have been recorded living in. The aim of this study was the mycological analysis of the air, the rock surface and the water of the disused ore mine of Marcinków.Additionally, the chemical composition of rocks and water, and microclimate conditions of the adit were determined. Fungi were identified using a combination of phenotypic and molecular methods.Six taxa of fungi were cultured from the indoor air samples of the adit, whereas the outdoor air samples contained only five taxa. On the other hand, nine taxa were isolated from both the rocky walls and the water.The Aspergillus group was present only on the rocks and in the water, whereas Cladosporium herbarum,Dumontinia tuberosa, Epicoccum nigrum, Hirsutella sp., were found exclusively in the air. The mycobiota found in the ore mine were mostly similar to those recorded in other mines and natural caves. However,it should be noted that the internal microclimate and chemical compounds of the rocks.     

山东费县大井头地区金刚石原生矿找矿前景探讨

山东费县大井头地区第四系中金刚石及其指示矿物分布异常丰富 ,并且具有较高的集中度 ;该区的加里东期超基性火山碎屑岩、沉火山碎屑岩及其他一些岩石中均有金刚石和 (或 )指示矿物存在 ;该地区的铬铁矿异常属于矿致异常。研究证明该区第四系中金刚石指示矿物与当地的相关岩体关系密切 ;加里东期超基性火山碎屑岩某些特征与火山口相金伯利岩十分相似。大井头地区所处的构造位置有利于金刚石成矿 ,具有良好的找矿前景 ,值得进一步研究探索。     

陕西潼关地区太华群变质岩原岩性质的恢复

潼关地区太华群地层是一套以角闪岩相为主(局部达麻粒岩相)的中深变质岩系。本区太华群变质岩的主要岩石类型:斜长片麻岩类的原岩为中酸性火山岩(二长安山质、英安质凝灰岩);浅(变)粒岩类的原岩为中酸性火山岩(英安岩,流纹岩)一中酸性火山碎屑岩(二长安山质、英安质凝灰岩),并以后者为主,还有少量粘土质沉积岩或长石质杂砂岩;斜长角闪岩的原岩为基性火山岩—拉斑玄武岩。     

胶东崮庄闪长岩锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究

对胶东崮庄岩体黑云母闪长岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学和年代学研究。研究表明:崮庄岩体黑云母闪长岩为钙碱性系列岩石,岩石富集大离子亲石元素(如K,Ba,Rb)、LREE和活泼的不相容元素(如Th,U),相对亏损高场强元素(如Nb,Ta,Ti,P),崮庄闪长岩属壳幔混合成因,即由交代地幔部分熔融形成的基性岩浆与地壳物质熔融形成的酸性岩浆混合形成的。构造环境判别显示崮庄闪长岩属火山弧花岗岩,暗示伟德山序列花岗岩与古太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲密切相关。崮庄闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄值为(111.7±0.6)Ma,属燕山期早白垩世。     

晚泥盆世大陆风化作用增强及其海洋环境效应:来自华南碳酸盐岩锶同位素的制约

上泥盆统弗拉斯阶和法门阶界线附近发生了大规模的生物灭绝, 其起因被认为是植物登陆导致的陆地化学风化作用加强及其引起的海洋水体缺氧所致, 但其直接证据还比较缺乏。运用广西地区广泛发育的浅海碳酸盐岩中锶元素(Sr)和同位素(87Sr/86Sr)、铀钍比值(U/Th)记录, 探究了从中泥盆统到下石炭统的陆地化学风化速率及海水氧化还原条件的变化。研究结果表明, 在晚泥盆世(法门阶早期)陆地化学风化作用加强, 导致海水中Sr浓度升高, 及更富集重的Sr同位素组分; 低的U/Th比值也显示该时期水体缺氧严重, 海水中U元素被还原到沉积物中, 导致海水中的U浓度降低。陆地表面化学风化的加强对晚泥盆世海洋水体氧化还原条件的波动以及海洋生物的灭绝有重要影响。      

胶东地区晚侏罗世玲珑期花岗岩

玲珑期花岗岩是胶北地区出露规模最大的中生代岩体,与胶东金矿在空间上关系密切,主要岩性有细粒混合岩化花岗岩、细粒二长花岗岩、中细粒二长花岗岩、中粒二长花岗岩、中粗粒二长花岗岩、含斑粗中粒二长花岗岩及花岗伟晶岩,含特征矿物石榴石,暗色矿物黑云母以铁质黑云母为主,少量镁质黑云母,为一套弱过铝质高钾钙碱性岩系的铁质花岗岩,具有...     

浙江早白垩世晚期火山活动与火山—沉积岩系地层划分

系统研究浙江下白垩统“永康群”、“横山组”火山—沉积岩系地层层序，岩石组合，古生物，火山岩同位素年龄和岩石化学、地球化学资料表明：浙江永康群中火山岩成岩时间在距今115～100Ma之间，属早白垩世晚期。火山岩具双峰式特征。大致以江山—上虞和景宁—宁海一线为界，分成衢州—诸暨、永康—宁波、文成—临海3个火山活动带，自西向东火山活动渐次增强，火山活动起始时间稍有后移。根据火山—沉积岩系岩石组合，古生物群特征，火山岩同位素年龄及古地磁资料，提出横山组、中截组、永康群和文成群是早白垩世晚期同一构造发展阶段的产物。     

云和盆地早白垩世双峰式火山岩特征

本文从岩石学、岩石化学、微量元素及稀土元素等方面，对云和盆地早白垩世馆头组火山岩特征进行了论述，并对其形成环境及成因作了探讨．认为该套火山岩由基性岩及酸性岩构成，缺少SiO2含量在53．17％～68．57％的中性岩，是一套典型的双峰式火山岩组合。指出盆地内火山岩为拉张构造背景下形成，其基性岩和酸性岩具有不同源区，前者源于部分上地幔融熔物质（受陆壳物质混染）；后者来自部分地壳融熔的产物。     

甘蒙地区北山盆地群中口子盆地侏罗系烃源岩特征及评价

北山盆地群侏罗系是我国西北地区潜在的油气勘探新领域,为深化其石油地质认识,进一步明确资源潜力,优选北山盆地群中勘探程度相对较高的中口子盆地侏罗系为研究对象,以有机质丰度、类型及成熟度等有机地球化学分析数据为基础,分析了侏罗系烃源岩基础特征,并基于生物标志化合物资料,探讨了该区侏罗系烃源岩的有机质来源及沉积环境。结果表明,中口子盆地侏罗系烃源岩有机质丰度较高,生烃潜力较好,主要为中等-好烃源岩,干酪根类型以Ⅱ2型为主,生烃母质主要是陆源高等植物,主要形成于氧气量适中的弱氧化-弱还原古环境,靠近或位于凹陷中心的烃源岩形成环境还原性稍强,较有利于有机质保存。区内黑帐房凹陷烃源岩已经成熟,而南泉凹陷烃源岩主要为低熟。因此建议黑帐房凹陷中心或者临近中心区域,寻找保存条件好的油藏是取得下步油气勘探突破的重点。这些认识可供西北地区侏罗系沉积古环境和资源潜力研究时对比参考。