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《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2018,(5)
微区原位同位素分析是近年来同位素地球化学研究的前沿领域。其中,激光剥蚀系统与多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术(LA-MC-ICP-MS)被广泛应用于不同同位素体系和不同天然矿物的微区原位同位素测定。铅同位素作为有效的地球化学示踪手段被广泛用于岩石成因和演化、成矿时代、成矿物质来源、环境污染物源示踪和考古学等研究。目前多利用LA-MC-ICP-MS测定硅酸盐矿物、硫化物矿物和包裹体Pb同位素组成。该方法省略了冗长的化学处理流程,提高了工作效率,并且通过对不同矿物或同一矿物中不同结构部位进行微区原位Pb同位素分析,可揭示微米尺度上的Pb同位素组成变化,为解决地质问题提供了重要的证据。本文评述了近年来地质样品中LA-MC-ICP-MS测定Pb同位素的方法改进及其在部分地球科学研究中的应用。 相似文献
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准确测定各种矿物中的微量元素含量,对岩石成因、矿床成因、成矿规律等的研究都具有重要的意义。测定矿物中微量元素含量的方法很多,如化学分析、光谱分析、X射线萤光分析、中子活化分析等。其中中子活化分析具有样品用量少、灵敏度高、快速,基本不破坏样品和能同时测定多种元素等优点,因此在矿物的微量元素分析中得到了较广泛地应用。 本文以美国地质调查所标准岩石粉末样品G-1作为直接多元素标准,采用热中子仪器活化分析,用相对比较法,对某铀矿床中的浅绿色萤石、浅紫色萤石、紫黑色萤石、白色方解石、粉红色方解石和花岗岩中的石英、黑云母、长石等矿物中的微量元素进行了测定。 相似文献
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岩石中碳同位素比值的EA—MS测定及其地球化学应用 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
将元素分析仪与气体质谱仪连接起来,能够进行硅酸盐岩石微量碳的含量和同位素比值测定。本文介绍了笔者建立这-EA-MS连续技术对天然岩石样品方法中全碳的含量和同位素组成,结果发现这些岩石普遍含有较高的轻碳。 相似文献
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高Rb/Sr岩石样品中Sr同位素多接收等离子体质谱分析校正方法研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在利用多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(MC-ICPMS)进行Sr同位素研究中,87Rb对于87Sr干扰严重。岩石样品经化学分离后,若Rb/Sr≤0.0005,可以采用传统的Rb干扰扣除方法对87Sr/86Sr测定值进行准确校正;但如果样品经化学分离后仍含有较高的Rb/Sr比,同量异位素的干扰不能完全消除,则无法准确校正87Sr/86Sr测定值,直接影响测试结果的准确度。本文针对Rb含量较高的地质样品设计两组实验,确定了87Sr/86Sr同位素比值与Rb/Sr元素含量比值的关系曲线,并在理论分析的基础上,提出包含同位素分馏校正在内的重叠干扰校正方法。通过实际地质样品验证,该校正方法在较高含量Rb元素共存(Rb/Sr<0.2)的Sr纯化液中,能够较为准确地测量87Sr/86Sr同位素比值,降低了MC-ICPMS分析地质样品中Sr同位素时对化学分离步骤的要求。而对于Rb/Sr>0.2的地质样品,因仪器分馏效应和记忆效应影响,测试精确度大大降低,无论采用何种校正方法均无法得到准确的Sr同位素组成。 相似文献
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磷灰石Sr-Nd同位素的激光剥蚀-多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱微区分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
磷灰石是常见的副矿物,具有较高的Sr-Nd含量和较低的Rb含量,对其微区Sr-Nd同位素组成的准确测定可以为精细地质作用过程的探讨提供重要的地球化学信息.激光剥蚀-多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-MC-ICPMS)具有分析速度快、分析精度高和空间分辨率高的特点,特别适合大量细颗粒磷灰石样品的Sr-Nd同位素分析,而同位素干扰的精确扣除和仪器质量歧视校正是原位微区分析准确获得Sr-Nd同位素比值的关键.本文利用LA-MC-ICPMS技术,综合最新发表的Kr、Rb、稀土二价离子及钙聚合物对Sr同位素的干扰扣除方法和Sm对Nd同位素的干扰扣除方法,对仪器的质量歧视进行了校正,建立了磷灰石原位Sr-Nd同位素分析方法.用此方法对一个磷灰石国际标准样品Durango和两个实验室标准Apatite 1和PE进行了详细的Sr-Nd同位素测定,结果表明,对Sr-Nd含量足够高的磷灰石样品可以准确地获得其Sr-Nd同位素组成,测试结果与文献报道值或热电离质谱(TIMS)测试值在误差范围内一致,Sr同位素的测试精度<0.015% (2SD),Nd同位素的测试精度<0.005% (2SD),达到了国际同类实验室水平;且三个磷灰石标准样品同位素组成较为均一,都是理想的原位Sr-Nd同位素分析参考物质. 相似文献
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多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(MC-ICPMS)与激光剥蚀系统(laser ablation)的联用,为通过单矿物微米尺度的信息示踪地质过程提供了有利工具。作为非传统稳定同位素之一,硼同位素的应用受到地学界日益广泛的关注。本文利用LA-MC-ICPMS的分析优势建立了原位高精度分析高硼矿物电气石和低硼矿物白云母硼同位素的方法,分别使用电气石标准样品和玻璃标准样品对未知样品的测试结果进行了质量歧视校正,并对2个西南天山的实际地质样品进行了微区硼同位素测试应用。测试结果表明,仪器状态可以保持长期稳定,可以采用最小10μm的束斑对实际地质样品中电气石的硼同位素组成进行准确测定,也可对硼含量高于20×10-6的白云母进行原位硼同位素的准确测定;标定的实验室内部电气石标准样品T-PKU的推荐值为-13. 07‰±0. 42‰(2SD,n=66)。天山泥质片岩及脉体中的电气石和白云母的原位硼同位素特征为示踪与矿物平衡共生的流体来源提供了有效信息。 相似文献
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CCSD HP-UHP变质岩中石英脉和东海水晶流体包裹体惰性气体同位素组成及其成因指示意义 总被引:4,自引:5,他引:4
中国大陆科学钻探(CCSD)岩心中存在大量石英脉和长英质脉体,关于其成因目前存在板块折返过程中的减压和流体释放以及后期流体穿插等不同成因观点。本文利用高真空气相质谱系统分析了CCSD石英脉和东海水晶流体包裹体中惰性气体同位素组成,其He-Ar、Xe和Ne同位素体系均清楚显示它们主要由地壳变质流体和大气饱和水组成,而基本不含深源地幔流体。在CCSD900~1500m深度的石英脉流体包裹体出现^40Ar/^36Ar和δ^18O同步下降,且与前人对CCSD中HP-UHP岩石的矿物原位δ^18O测定结果变化趋势相似,说明该段原岩在板块俯冲前曾与大气降水发生较为充分的水/岩反应,石英脉继承了围岩的同位素组成特征。流体包裹体惰性气体同位素组成显示CCSD中石英脉和东海水晶可能具有相似的成因,它们均主要形成于HP-UHP岩石在板块折返到地壳中的压力降低和流体释放过程。CCSD HP-UHP岩石及其石英脉中基本不合地幔流体的原因在于本区印支期快速的俯冲和折返过程,被俯冲地壳物质无法与地幔进行充分的同位素交换。此外,退变质作用及其伴生的地壳流体也进一步减弱了HP-UHP岩石中的地幔流体信息。 相似文献
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矿物稳定同位素地球化学研究 总被引:36,自引:2,他引:34
通过测定矿物中元素H ,C ,O和S的同位素比值 ,认识矿物体系中的同位素效应 ,不仅能够确定矿物之间和矿物与流体之间的同位素平衡关系 ,而且能够了解影响矿物平衡和动力学同位素性质的因素。文中评述了稳定同位素分馏系数校准的理论计算、实验测定和经验估计方法 ,讨论温度、压力、化学成分和晶体结构等对矿物同位素性质的影响。由于同位素效应取决于矿物的物理和化学性质 ,因此应用稳定同位素来作为示踪剂不仅能够追索各种矿物学反应的路径 ,而且能够提供证据来阐明矿物晶体结构的某些细节。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozach Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献