西秦岭小沟里石英脉型金矿床成矿地质特征及成因

本文通过石英脉Ar_Ar法和花岗岩单颗粒锆石U_Pb法定年、氢氧同位素测定、微量元素测定及含矿岩石中斑点构造显微镜研究 ,结合矿床地质特征和区域地质环境分析 ,探讨了花岗岩与金矿床的关系以及矿床成因。含金石英脉Ar_Ar坪年龄为 197Ma,等时线年龄为 193Ma。大山花岗岩U_Pb年龄为 2 0 1Ma。石英包裹体水的δ18O为 8.15‰～ 12 .82‰ ,δD为 - 5 8‰～ - 77‰ ,热液水来源以岩浆水为主。岩石中发育斑点构造 ,斑点为黄铁矿、绿泥石、石英、黑云母等热液交代蚀变矿物。矿区内脉岩发育 ,组成矿体的上下盘 ,花岗岩体和脉岩含金可达 2 40× 10 -9。大山岩体中心相含金 1.7× 10 -9,边缘相含金 6 .3× 10 -9,从岩体到矿区脉岩含金量增加。研究表明 ,大山花岗岩与矿床有密切的时间、空间及成因关系 ,并提供了热源、水源和部分成矿物质。矿床类型为岩浆热液型     

胶东苏鲁地体范家埠金矿成矿作用与矿床成因浅析:兼与胶北地体金矿对比

范家埠金矿是胶东半岛苏鲁地体内规模最大的石英脉型金矿。含金石英脉中锆石阴极发光和LA-ICP-MS微量元素及U-Pb同位素分析结果表明,含金石英脉中的锆石均为捕获围岩(新元古代威海片麻状花岗岩)的岩浆锆石,其中15个颗粒在U-Pb图解上位于谐和线上,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(726±14)Ma(MSWD=4.6);另外7颗锆石位于不一致线上,其上交点年龄为(758±25)Ma,下交点年龄为(123±11)Ma(MSWD=0.45)。这些锆石的下交点年龄与金矿脉旁侧斜闪煌斑岩脉的角闪石40Ar/39Ar年龄分别为(118.8±1.6)Ma和(117.5±1.5)Ma,在误差范围内一致,表明范家埠金矿的成矿时代为120Ma左右。由此认为,苏鲁地体和胶北地体的金矿成矿作用均发生于早白垩世晚期120Ma前后,与目前多数人认为的华北克拉通岩石圈减薄的峰期时间一致,表明苏鲁地体的金矿成矿受岩石圈减薄的构造背景控制。范家埠金矿床成矿流体具中高温、中高盐度15.5%～23.2%(NaCleq)、低δ18OH2O(-3.84‰～-4.05‰)和低δDH2O(-82.5‰～-80.8‰)值等特点,载金矿物黄铁矿富32S(δ34S=-5.5‰～-9.1‰),与含油气盆地热卤水的组成相近,暗示范家埠金矿的成矿流体可能来源于中生代胶莱盆地。这种盆地流体沿断裂——五莲—米山深大断裂及其次级构造迁移,同时萃取基底岩石中的金形成含矿热液并在还原的环境中成矿。相反,胶北地体大量金矿床成矿流体具有低盐度、高δ18OH2O和δDH2O,δ34S(‰)为正值等特点。胶北和苏鲁地体早白垩世金成矿强度和成矿作用的差异可能反映了两者在地壳基底、流体来源和成矿环境等方面的不同。     

四川木里梭罗沟金矿床成因讨论:来自年代学和硫、铅同位素的约束

四川木里县梭罗沟金矿床是甘孜-理塘金矿带上目前已查明资源储量最大的金矿床,但是其矿床成因研究薄弱,制约了深部找矿勘探工作.本次研究对其赋矿岩石和含金矿脉的锆石U-Pb年代学、载金矿物黄铁矿和毒砂的硫、铅同位素开展了研究.结果表明,梭罗沟金矿床赋矿岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄为(252.8±2.3)Ma(MSWD=0.4,n=18),指示赋矿岩石为晚三叠世曲嘎寺组碎屑岩基质中的晚二叠世玄武岩岩块.含金矿脉碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄具有4个较明显的峰值,分别为119 Ma、255 Ma、526 Ma和962 Ma.最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为(119±1.7)Ma(MSWD=0.2,n=13),指示梭罗沟矿床深部可能有隐伏的早白垩世花岗岩,并且金成矿时代晚于119 Ma.金成矿热液期的黄铁矿和毒砂的?34S值范围为4.8‰～7.79‰(平均值为6.2‰),与造山型金矿床的硫同位素相似.黄铁矿的206Pb/204Pb平均值为18.47、207Pb/204Pb平均值为15.63和208Pb/204Pb平均值为37.74,与造山带铅同位素演化一致.结合矿床地质特征,梭罗沟金矿床受晚白垩世-古近纪的韧性剪切带和走滑断裂控制,其成矿时代为119～27 Ma之间,其矿床类型为造山型金矿床.     

湘东地区金矿床矿化年龄的测定及含矿流体来源的示踪——兼论矿床成因类型

文章对江南造山带中段湖南东部地区主要金矿床开展了成矿年龄测定和硫同位素分析。获得该区黄金洞和大洞金矿床矿脉石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄分别为152±13Ma和70±1.3Ma;同时获得黄金洞矿床矿脉硫化物δ34S均值为-6.3‰(主要集中在-4.8‰到-8.6‰之间)、大洞δ34S均值为-9.2‰(主要在-8‰到-10‰之间)、雁林寺δ34S均值为-1.2‰(主要在-2.6‰和6.1‰之间)。结合华南区域大地构造演化特征、江南造山带主要金矿床成矿地质条件,认为440～400Ma、160～110Ma和～70Ma是该区的三个主要金矿化期;含矿流体主要来源于深部,与变质水和/或岩浆水有关,但成矿晚期有大量再循环的大气降水和/或海水加入。江南造山带湖南段金矿床具有与造山作用有关的浅成型金矿的某些成矿特点。     

甘肃礼县杜沟金矿床地质地球化学特征及成因分析

杜沟金矿床位于秦岭华力西褶皱带北亚带西段,赋存于中川岩体外接触带的李坝群中,受岩体和断裂双重控制。矿床自然类型为构造蚀变岩型金矿,矿床规模已达大型。笔者从赋矿地层,控矿构造,脉岩与成矿关系、矿石特征、围岩蚀变等方面阐述了矿床地质特征。并通过对成矿流体、稳定同位素、稀土元素的研究,阐明了杜沟金矿床的地球化学特征。以及对同位素地球化学的研究表明,硫同位素δ34S变化范围小,均一性强,显示与中川花岗岩体侵入活动有关。氢氧同位素在δD-δ18O图上投落在岩浆水和大气水之间,说明成矿热流体为混合热液。铅同位素研究属铀铅混染形成的异常铅,中川花岗杂岩体为一富铀岩体,说明成矿与中川岩体有一定的成因联系。根据铅同位素、锶同位素测定结果,杜沟金矿的主要成矿期为燕山早期(171.6~173.4Ma)与中川岩体的成矿年龄接近(181.5~219Ma)。中泥盆李坝群在其沉积成岩过程中形成金的初始富集。断裂构造控制着金矿的分布与定位,岩浆岩是成矿的重要热动力源,是金矿形成的主导因素,也是成矿的必要条件。沿断裂形成的富含成矿物质的热卤水,最终富集成矿。矿床成因类型为岩浆期后热液和地下热卤水溶滤复合型金矿床。岩体周围1~5km构造热动力叠加改造的矿源层是最佳的成矿找矿地区。对矿床地质地球化学特征及成因进行探讨,对甘肃境内礼(县)—岷(县)成矿带上寻找同类型矿床有一定的指导意义。     

新疆红十井金矿床特征及成因

文章通过K_Ar同位素年龄 ,氢、氧、硫、铅等同位素测试和流体包裹研究 ,结合红十井金矿床的地质、矿区岩石化学、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征 ,探讨了红十井金矿床含金建造与金矿关系及矿床成因。研究表明红十井金矿床为晚古生代裂谷带火山岩区受韧性剪切带控制的中_低温热液矿床 ,矿体赋存于中石炭统玄武 (玢 )岩及凝灰质砂岩组成的含金建造内 ,成矿物质主要来源于含金建造 ,矿化以蚀变岩型和石英脉型为主。成矿年龄为2 0 9～ 2 6 7Ma。成矿流体为岩浆水、玄武 (玢 )岩和凝灰质砂岩的变质水、建造水和大气降水的混合溶液 ,δD为 - 114.6‰～ - 6 8.8‰ ,δ18OH2 O变化为 - 2 .47‰～ 5 .91‰。成矿温度为 115～ 381℃ ,成矿压力为 471.8× 10 5～ 6 75 .9× 10 5Pa ;流体盐度w(NaCleq)为 2 .18%～ 16 .77% ,平均 7.79% ,流体属中_低盐度、H2 O_CO2 体系。     

白秧坪铅锌多金属矿集区东矿带成矿地球化学作用与成矿年龄

通过成矿期方解石的C、O、Sr和含硫矿物的S、Pb同位素,成矿期方解石Sm-Nd测年研究,探讨白秧坪矿集区东矿带矿床成因。测试结果表明,白秧坪矿集区东矿带方解石δ13C_PDB值变化范围-4.0‰~2.3‰,平均值-0.2‰,δ18O_PDB值范围-27.2‰~20.4‰,平均值-14.1‰,δ18O_SMOW值范围2.9‰~24.4‰,平均值16.4‰;方解石Sr同位素值变化范围0.707669~0.710115,平均值0.709320;硫化物δ34S_V-CDT值分布范围-20.2‰~1.3‰,平均值约-8.8‰,天青石δ34S_V-CDT值分布范围为17.1‰~19.4‰,平均值约18.0‰;Pb同位素测试结果中,206Pb/204Pb的变化范围为18.553~18.857,207Pb/204Pb变化范围为15.501~15.826,208Pb/204Pb变化范围为38.54~39.456;成矿阶段方解石Sm-Nd等时线年龄为29.5±1.7 Ma。对测试结果的研究表明,白秧坪矿集区东矿带碳质的来源较为均一,矿石中热液方解石碳质源自地层中碳酸盐岩溶解,成矿流体来自地层水和大气降水,属于盆地卤水流体系统;成矿物质硫来自海水硫酸盐的还原作用,成矿早期以有机质还原硫为主,成矿后期以生物还原硫为主;金属成矿物质来自沉积地层和盆地基底;测定白秧坪矿集区东矿带铅锌成矿年龄为29.5±1.7 Ma,与地质年龄限定的较为吻合。      

新疆东准噶尔贝勒库都克锡矿床成矿时代及成矿作用

贝勒库都克锡矿床赋存于正长花岗岩中,矿化类型主要为蚀变花岗岩型、云英岩型和石英脉型。对云英岩型锡矿石中的白云母进行了40Ar39Ar年龄测定,获得坪年龄为306.8 ± 2.4 Ma～309.7 ± 2.4 Ma,与正长花岗岩306 ±5 Ma在误差范围内一致。这组坪年龄不仅精确地反应出成矿的时间限制,而且表明了正长花岗岩与锡成矿的密切关系。锡矿石中石英流体包裹体划分为NaCl—H2O型和NaCl—H2O—CO2—CH4型。成矿温度主要集中在160～250℃和280～390℃,峰值在210℃和330℃,流体盐度为1.22%～7.86% NaCleq,流体密度为0.55～0.96g/cm3。锡矿石中石英的δDSMOW介于-128‰～-95‰,δ18OSMOW值介于9.6‰～14.‰,δ18OH2O值为1.56～8.09‰,表明成矿流体主要为岩浆水,混合少量大气降水。物理化学条件改变、水—岩交换作用及CO2—CH4和NaCl—H2O 的不混溶作用在锡成矿过程中起着重要作用。     

胶东金矿集中区金矿成矿年代学研究

对不同研究者采用蚀变矿物Rb Sr、K Ar和Ar Ar法 ,流体包裹体Rb Sr等时线法 ,石英Ar Ar法和矿石矿物 (黄铁矿 )Rb Sr等时线法等多种同位素定年方法获得的胶东金矿集中区金矿成矿年龄数据进行了方法适用性研究和应用选择 ,筛选后的成矿年龄集中于 15 3 8～ 80 6Ma。综合考虑与金矿床有密切时空关系的花岗岩类侵入体及脉岩的K Ar、Ar Ar及U Pb (SHRIMP)年龄 ,确认胶东金矿集中区金矿主成矿期年龄为 (115± 10 )Ma ,金 银 多金属矿成矿期年龄为 (85± 5 )Ma ,分别为中生代早白垩世晚期 (K21)和晚白垩世早期 (K12 )。     

大渡河金矿田喜马拉雅期成矿的^40Ar／^39Ar年龄依据及其意义

大渡河金矿田是扬子地台西南缘一个重要的金成矿集中区.对其中自金台子和三雕两个金矿床含金石英脉的石英进行了40Ar/39Ar快中子活化法同位素年龄测试,获得坪年龄分别为25.4土0.2 Ma和24.7±0.3Ma,相应的等时线年龄分别为24.1±0.1 Ma和22.9士0.1 Ma,反等时线年龄分别为23.8士0.1 Ma和23.0±0.1Ma.这些年龄数据不仅有力地证明了大渡河金矿形成于喜马拉雅构造期,也为更好地认识扬子地台西南缘金矿形成的地质构造背景、矿床成因及成矿规律,进而指导区域找矿提供了依据.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861