东昆仑祁漫塔格西段白干湖超大型钨锡矿田地质特征及其矿化交代岩分类

白干湖钨锡矿田位于东昆仑祁漫塔格西段新疆维吾尔自治区若羌县境内.笔者通过对柯可卡尔德、白干湖、巴什尔希和阿瓦尔4处矿床实地剖析,认为这些矿床已构成一个集矽卡岩型、云英岩化花岗岩微细网脉浸染型和石英脉型交代、充填叠加复合的具超大型远景规模的钨锡矿田.矿田内矿化类型显示出一定的分布规律或分带性:即产于花岗岩边部外接触带的矽卡岩型白钨矿矿体,呈透镜状或似层状分布在金水口群浅变质岩系大理岩内;产于花岗岩小突起内侧及其顶部外接触带伸枝脉岩的云英岩化花岗岩微细网脉浸染型钨锡矿体,前者呈厚板状透镜体面型分布,后者则呈脉状线型分布于围岩地层中;产于隐伏花岗岩突起上部外接触带的石英脉充填交代型锡石黑钨矿矿体,其因受区域NE向白干湖深大断裂构造限制,多呈低缓角度的平行脉状充填于金水口群浅变质岩系的绢云石英片岩中.根据矿石矿物组合等特征,矿田内的矿化蚀变可划分为3种:即矽卡岩化、云英岩化(包括钠长石化、电气石化等)和硅化.研究表明,矿田内矽卡岩型白钨矿化、云英岩化花岗岩微细网脉浸染型钨锡矿化和石英脉充填交代型锡石黑钨矿化构成一个与加里东期中细粒(似斑状)二长花岗岩侵入活动有成因联系的矿田成矿系列,属于岩浆期后高温-气化热液交代和中低温热液充填交代形成的产物.     

中国锡矿成矿规律概要

我国锡矿资源丰富,矿床类型比较齐全。在锡矿资源储量中占有较大比重的主要是锡石—硫化物型、矽卡岩型和石英脉型;从开采和利用角度来说,最为重要的是锡石—硫化物型和石英脉型。锡石—硫化物型主要集中在桂北、滇东等地,矽卡岩型集中分布在南岭中段湘南等矿集区、石英脉型则主要集中在华南地区的闽西、赣中、粤北、湘南等地;成矿时代以中生代最为重要;成矿大地构造背景以造山运动之后的大陆环境为主,构造变动剧烈,深大断裂纵横交错,岩浆活动频繁,特别是与锡成矿作用关系密切的中生代花岗岩类非常发育,最具特色。本次在对全国873处锡矿矿产地资料进行系统梳理的基础上,深入总结了全国锡矿的成矿规律,厘定出20个以锡为主或锡较为重要的矿床成矿系列,认为锡石—硫化物型、矽卡岩(—云英岩型)、石英脉型和岩体型4类锡矿类型,应该作为重点预测类型,并划分出44个成锡带,提出了19个重要工作部署区,并编制了中国成锡带图、中国锡矿成矿规律图等系列图件,为潜力评价预测工作提供了理论依据。     

粤北大东山地区锡矿类型与找矿方向

大东山地区原生锡矿类型有矽卡岩型、硫化物型、云英岩型、花岗岩风化壳型、石英脉型、伟晶岩型、斑岩型等，砂锡矿有洪冲积型、溶洞堆积型。根据成矿地质条件、化探异常结合矿石可选性，认为大东山地区以锡石-磁铁矿矽卡岩型、锡石硫化物矽卡岩型、云英岩型、花岗岩风化壳型和斑岩型锡矿具有找矿前景，其中后三者作为找矿工作主攻方向。     

粤北地区锡矿成矿规律及找矿前景

粤北地区锡矿主要有石英脉带型锡矿、矽卡岩型锡矿、矽卡岩-破碎带复合型锡矿、脉状锡铅锌多金属矿、花岗岩风化壳型锡矿、云英岩型锡矿和砂锡矿等类型。根据区域成矿地质和物化探异常等特征,认为粤北地区石英脉型锡矿与矽卡岩-破碎带复合型锡矿具有良好的找矿前景,前者可作为今后该区域锡矿的主要找矿类型。根据区域成矿地质特征划分为5个找矿远景区,即锯板坑—瑶岭找矿远景区、杉木洞—禾尚田找矿远景区、大东山找矿远景区、岭脚找矿远景区、谢家山找矿远景区。     

云南景洪市陆拉锡矿地质特征及找矿标志

云南景洪陆拉锡矿是近年来新发现的锡矿点,锡矿体呈脉状、似层状主要赋存在印支期花岗岩与、新元古界澜沧岩群接触带之云英岩(带)中,矿体形态严格受岩体与地层的界面控制.陆拉锡矿类型为典型的云英岩型锡矿床,区内印支期花岗岩体与围岩的接触带是重要的找矿部位,云英岩化、电气石化是最直接的找矿标志.     

大东山锡矿田矿床地质特征及矿床成因

大东山锡矿田矿化类型复杂,其中矽卡岩型锡矿规模大,可分含锡矽卡岩型和硫化物矽卡岩型。岩体区有脉状和面状云英岩产出,前者多具锡矿化,后者具钨矿化。燕山第四期花岗岩是锡(钨)成矿母岩,含SiO274.96%~75.28%,K2O+Na2O7.37%~8.54%,K2O>Na2O,与南岭地区钨锡成矿岩体具有相似的岩石化学特征。锡矿成因类型可划分为接触交代型、侵入岩浆热液型和风化矿床。根据成矿地质条件,认为在接触带寻找硫化物矽卡岩、硫化物型锡矿有较大前景,而在岩体区具有寻找云英岩型钨矿的潜力。     

柿竹园超大型钨-锡-钼-铋-铍矿床形成的条件

柿竹园已探明的钨、锡、钼、铋金属储量已超过百万吨,是罕见的超大型矿床。 1.矿床地质概况矿床产于燕山早期壳源重熔型花岗岩株与中晚泥盆世碳酸盐地层的接触带上。自花岗岩体向外,可分为5个矿石带:内接触带面型云英岩钨锡钼铋矿石带,网脉状云英岩—矽卡岩复合型钨锡钼铋矿石带,矽卡岩钨铋矿石带,大理岩网脉状锡铍矿石带,     

广东信宜―贵子地区锡矿类型及找矿标志

广东信宜―贵子地区锡矿床主要分为花岗斑岩型、云英岩型、石英脉型、锡石―硫化物(绿泥石)型、磁铁矿矽卡岩型五种。花岗斑岩型锡矿主要锡矿体产于燕山晚期花岗斑岩体的深部内外接触带上。云英岩型锡矿产于钾长花岗岩岩体隆起部位内接触带上,与岩体接触的围岩为震旦系云开群兰坑组。磁铁矿矽卡岩型锡矿产于钾长花岗岩体的外接触带的层间裂隙中,含矿层位主要为震旦系云开群罗罅组内透辉石榴石矽卡岩。石英脉型锡矿主要产于钾长花岗岩体的外接触带旁侧的次级断裂和裂隙中。锡石―硫化物(绿泥石)型锡矿主要产于钾长花岗岩、花岗斑岩体的顶部和外接触带变粒岩和片岩中,且受各种方向的构造裂隙或断裂控制。研究各类锡矿床主要特点及其控矿条件,分析该地区锡矿分布规律与找矿标志,对锡矿勘查工作具有指导意义。     

广西越城岭地区钨锡矿成矿条件分析

越城岭地区属于桂东北钨锡矿集区,共有30多处钨锡矿床点分布。钨锡矿化类型主要有矽卡岩-角岩型、矽卡岩型及石英脉型三类,矽卡岩-角岩型白钨矿为本区最重要的矿化类型。矿化主要赋存于寒武系清溪组中,钙质碎屑岩主要形成矽卡岩-角岩型似层状矿,碳酸盐岩中主要形成矽卡岩型矿,碎屑岩和花岗岩主要形成石英脉型钨锡矿。钨锡矿化主要分布于岩体与地层的接触带、岩体内和近岩体的地层中,加里东期花岗岩(越城岭岩基)W成矿元素初步富集,燕山早期岩株富W、Sn,为本区主要成矿物质来源处。矿床点主要沿越城岭东侧龙水—会龙铺弧形构造分布,矿脉多赋存于NNE向破碎裂隙带,NWW向及EW向张性、张扭性裂隙、层间破碎带。     

锡石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年在稀有金属矿床研究中的应用

<正>原生锡矿床具多种类型,如矽卡岩型、云英岩型、石英脉型、斑岩型、花岗岩型、伟晶岩型和喷流沉积型。如何厘定与锡矿有关的花岗岩的结晶时间,目前已经有了较成熟的原位单矿物U-Pb同位素定年方法,用于定年的副矿物通常包括锆石、独居石、榍石、铌钽矿、磷钇矿等。然而,用来厘定锡矿成矿年龄的测     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861