未来世界河流的重要讨论会--第8届国际河流研讨会在布里斯班召开

The 8th International Riversymposium was held in Brisbane, Australia on 6-9 September 2005. The International Riversymposium is an integral part of Brisbane's annual broadbased cultural event.The Queensland Government is a foundation partner of the International River Foundation, formed to secure the future of the International and National Thiess Riverprize. The theme of symposium in this year is "Water and Food Security- Rivers in a Global Context" ( www.riversymposium.com ).The Riversymposium provides a global forum which aims to make a difference to the declining state of rivers and waterways globally. Its strength lies in the breadth of its challenging program content of important keynote presentations and case studies of rivers in crisis, attracting a diverse range of national and international delegates. Some 450 scientists from 38 countries attended this conference, and about 100 papers were presented on the symposium in 2005.     

第36届国际溶液化学大会（英文）

正On behalf of the organizing committee,we are delighted to invite you to attend the 36~(th) International Conference on Solution Chemistry(36~(th) ICSC)in Xining,China,during Aug.4-8~(th),2019.ICSC is a continual and international-influence long history symposium,has been held in odd years for 35 times at     

中国中学生地理奥林匹克竞赛的发展和国际中学生地理奥林匹克竞赛(英文)

正The International Geography Olympiad(IGEO)is a competition for the best 16 to 19 year old students from all over the world.Four students represent each country in a series of Geography tests in(generally)a four-five day program.The aims of the IGEO are to:1.stimulate active interest in geographical and environmental studies among young people;     

The significance of lake sediments geochemistry in environmental reconstruction of south Hongshan Lake, northwestern Tibetan Plateau during the past 150 years

1 IntroductionPast Global Changes (PAGES) is one of the important IGBP (International Geo-Biosphere Program) core programs, of which the objectives are to obtain and interpret all kinds of palaeoclimate records, understand the history of environment and ecological change, and provide basic material and necessary test for the establishment and improvement of climate forecasting models. Because the research of climatic and environmental changes on short time scale is the key connection bet…     

第36届国际溶液化学大会（英文）

正Xining,China August 4-8,2019 On behalf of the organizing committee,we are delighted to invite you to attend the 36~(th) International Conference on Solution Chemistry (36~(th) ICSC) in Xining,China,during Aug.4-8~(th),2019.ICSC is a continual and international-influence long history symposium,has been held in odd years for 35 times at     

AN UNPRECEDENTED GRAND GATHERING——Welcoming the IGU Regional Conference on Asian Pacific Countries to Be Beld at Beijing

The International Geographical Union is going to convene its Regional Conference on Asian Pacific Countries on 13-20 August 1990, at Beijing.The Chinese geographical circle ex-     

基于GIS的土耳其国际保护区G(o)ksu河水质的调查与建模

Gksu Delta is an important wetland where the Gksu River reaches to sea in the eastern of the town Tasucu-Ice1. The delta is classified as a Wetland of International Impor-tance according to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance. The amount of fertilizers used in this area was 7200 tons in 2006. These pollutants affect the surface and groundwater quality negatively. The intensively used fertilizers and pesticides contain not only N- and P compounds but also some heavy metals. The contents of all pol-lutants in surface waters were determined for four different seasons between 2006 and 2008 and with these data a Geographic Information System (GIS) has been constructed by using Map Info. From the photometric heavy metal analysis, it is inferred that the excess concen-tration of Fe, Ni, Mn, Mo and Cu at some locations is the cause of undesirable quality for drinking purposes. The source of excess concentration of various heavy metals is the agri-cultural activities and fertilizers. It is determined that in all periods between 2006 and 2008 the heavy metals and other pollutants in the fertilizers and pesticides transported easily to river water with irrigation return flow. The organic pollutants, including COD, BOD, NH3 and NO3 followed the sharply increasing trends from Silifke city to Mediterranean Sea. The water quality of Gksu River is modeled and determined that the waste water discharge of 10,700 m3/day from Silifke city does not create a serious problem because of the high amount of flow rate of Gksu River.     

Priority sites and conservation gaps of wintering waterbirds in the Yangtze River floodplain

The Yangtze River floodplain is critical for migratory waterbirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway(EAAF). Greater awareness of its global importance is urgently needed to ensure waterbird populations remain in favourable conservation status, as well as the enhancement of wider wetland biodiversity within this region. The designation of protected wetland areas and building a green ecological corridor in the Yangtze floodplain is now becoming a critical issue of interest to the Chinese government. Priority sites in this area were identified based on the criteria used to identify sites that qualify as Wetlands of International Importance(Ramsar Sites) and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas(IBAs) by using multi-source data. The results show that 140 of the sites surveyed are priority sites. The Importance Index(I) for the whole floodplain decreased slightly from 2001–2005 and an unbalanced distribution pattern is evident with Jiangxi and Hunan provinces significantly higher than the other provinces in the floodplain. Although more than 60% of the priority sites are currently located outside protected areas, the average Conservation Effectiveness Index(C) of the whole floodplain is 75.6%, which suggests the coverage of protected areas for most wintering waterbird population is reasonable. Conservation of the Yangtze River floodplain needs to be further strengthened due to declining waterbird abundances and the mismatch between the distribution of protected areas and their importance for wintering waterbirds. A comprehensive system for priority site identification and protection and scientific review is needed. Multi-sourced data from regular, systematic and coordinated monitoring of waterbird distribution and abundance across the EAAF, as well as national scale citizen science programmes are also critically important.     

国际地理联合会区域会议在日本京都召开（英文）

正The 2013 Kyoto Regional Conference(KRC)of the International Geographical Union(IGU)was held on August 5-9 at Kyoto International Conference Center,Japan.The total number of participated geographers was approximately 1400 from more than 60 countries,including approximately 600 participants from Japan.The conference was co-organized by IGU,the National     

Anything But Ordinary ——hebrew.cri.cn

In the present era of accelerated technological development with its proliferation of new digital media,PC and Internet,the main questions concerning communication practices examine the patterns of interaction between these practices and the use of‘old’media,such as print,the electronic and audiovisual media,television,radio and VCR,which have all dominated the communication scene until fairly recently.Definitely we can say that the internet has become a family member that no one can live without it,especially the new types electronic products’sale in the markets and the development of the wireless(wifi),what’s more,the high click rates of facebook,youtube,twitter and so on.This great change also have happened in China that you can see the first thing for everyone in the morning is connecting the internet so as to read weibo(micro blog,its function is similar to twitter,now it is the most popular and famous micro blog in China),youku(similar to ytube),xiaonei(like facebook)and so on.Therefore a great many‘old’media in China is now experiencing the large reform.CRI(China Radio International)cannot lag behind.In this paper,I am trying to introduce one website from CRI which is called“hebrew.cri.cn”as a landscape to state her“birth”,“grow up(development)”and her“future”.     

Science, environment and resources in Antarctica

Earlier views regarding the relative insignificance of Antarctic science have been rudely shattered by recent developments. The International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–1958 represented a major turning point for research in Antarctica, even if it is a mistake to believe that no useful scientific work was performed during the pre-IGY period. The IGY provided a sound foundation for the development of Antarctic scientific activity in a wide range of disciplines, including glaciology, atmospheric sciences and medicine. The intrinsic value of research in Antarctica is reinforced by its relevance to an improved understanding of global environmental systems; stratospheric ozone depletion was first identified at Halley base station. Minerals, as yet unproven, have highlighted the conservation problems inherent in the utilization of any Antarctic resources. Marine living resources are at present under threat of over-exploitation in some areas. The 1990s hold the promise for a brighter scientific future for Antarctica, but only as long as the Antarctic Treaty system continues in operation.     

中国耕地转型与土地整理:研究进展与框架

土地利用转型研究是开展土地利用/覆被变化( LUCC) 综合研究的一条新途径。通过整合 社会和环境变化的时间尺度与历史背景, 开展中国耕地转型与土地整理方面研究, 属于IGBP 和 IHDP 联合发起的全球土地计划(GLP) 的重要研究内容。本文在综述土地变化科学( LCS) 的理论 与模型、土地利用转型、耕地变化与土地整理的研究进展基础上, 提出中国耕地转型与土地整理 的研究框架： 运用GIS 技术, 通过综合分析遥感解译的土地覆被数据及建国以来国土资源系统的 耕地面积变化数据, 探讨中国耕地变化的空间格局, 结合自然要素和社会经济要素分析耕地转型 的影响因子; 借鉴国外相关研究, 通过分析特定时期内中国耕地变化的影响因素及相应的管理政 策, 在了解中国耕地变化过程的基础上提出中国耕地转型的理论假设; 结合中国耕地的时空变化 模拟, 进而确定中国耕地变化的区域类型及其所处的转型阶段, 并以此作为指导我国耕地保护的 重要举措———土地整理的理论基础和科学依据。     

地理科学的中国进展与国际趋势

中国地理学取得了骄人的进展,表现在科研方向的突破、对国家建设的贡献、研究手段的革新、对科学和教育的贡献、对社会的贡献等方面。但当前中国也存在基础研究薄弱、学科整合不足、学术走向迷茫、竞争能力堪忧、全球视野欠缺、地理教育错位等问题。国际地理学对科学界所确定的关键研究问题表示出更大的关注,科学界也将更加了解地理学及其视角能对科学知识做出的贡献。地理学所关切的科学问题直指今天决策者的紧迫需求。地理学家以多种方式对解决实际问题做出贡献。国际地理学的发展聚焦在：揭示复杂系统中的不平衡和动态,认识全球化 (包括环境、经济、人口、政府和文化等)的潮流及其影响,建立从地方到全球的空间连续系列研究,利用包括时间系列数据在内的纵向数据进行过程比较研究,加强地理学理论、技术和研究成果对决策的影响,加强地理教育,包括努力提高公众的地理学能力,改进高等院校地理学家的训练,提高地理理解力,加强地理组织机构。     

区域经济一体化的国际国内经验及其对长株潭经济一体化的启示

区域经济一体化是二战后世界经济发展的重要特征，长株潭经济一体化既符合世界经济发展的潮流，又有利于尽快构筑一个带动湖南经济迅速成长的核心增长极，国际国内的经验表明，长株潭经济一体化需要制订科学的近、中、远期发展战略与发展规划，需要把技术创新放在重中之重，需要重视跨地区、跨行业、跨所有制企业集团的组建与发展，需要实行外向开放型的一体化战略，需要尽快建立权威性的综合协调机构。     

丝绸之路经济带资源、环境和经济格局与可持续发展模式（英文）

本文分析了丝绸之路经济带的资源、环境和经济格局,认为该格局有利于丝绸之路经济带沿线国家之间开展多领域、多层次的经济合作;在此基础上,论文提出了丝绸之路经济带主要经济合作模式和可持续发展道路,包括生态文明模式,区域经济一体化模式,交通经济带模式,国际旅游带合作模式;最后,论文总结了丝绸之路经济带实现可持续发展需要解决的关键科学问题,并提出了几个优先行动计划:建立丝绸之路经济带国际科学家联盟和思想库,建立丝绸之路经济带生态环境与可持续发展国际信息共享中心和科学决策支持系统,启动丝绸之路跨国科技交流合作与人才计划,建立丝绸之路经济带可持续发展国际合作委员会,建立应对气候变化和生态环境跨国共建、合作共赢机制。     

On aurora australis research

This paper consists of two parts. The first part gives an account of reviewing the work already done for the aurora borealis, dealing with arctic explorers and observing station. since International Geophysical Year (IGY) in Antarctic,together with aurora height, brightness, forms and structures, colors and spectroscopy. The second part enumerates six modern problems of aurora australis to be undertaken for Chinese scientific workers during forthcoming years; these are aurora conjugacy, aurora ovals, aurora substorms, methods of treating large amount of data.study of shock-aurora and comparative planetology.     

The role of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization–International Hydrological Programme in sustainable water resources management in East Asian countries

For over 30 years, IHP (International Hydrological Programme) has been actively operating as a UNESCO’s (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) international scientific cooperative programme in water research, water resources management, education and capacity-building, and the only broadly-based science programme of the UN (United Nations) system in this region. By a number of initiatives and networks, the IHP has progressively carried out activities on the quantity and quality of global/regional water resources, transboundary water resources management, mitigation of water related hazards, and water education. While addressing comprehensive areas over water challenges, greater emphasis has been placed on the role of water resources management for sustainable development and with respect to the expected changes in climate and environmental conditions. WWAP (World Water Assessment Programme) and its major product WWDR (World Water Development Report) in East Asia are under the framework of IHP which supports field oriented activities on monitoring freshwater, developing case studies, enhancing national assessment capacity, and facilitating decision making processes. In light of transboundary waters in IHP, RSC (Regional Steering Committee) plays a focal role for facilitating regional cooperation in the Southeast and East Asia and Pacific States. Furthermore, ISI (International Sediment Initiative) and IFI (International Flood Initiative) have significant roles, respectively, for the management of erosion and sedimentation in line with river system or reservoir management, and for the flood management focusing on capacity building of each country in East Asia. There are other major areas of concern under UNESCO’s IHP programme in East Asia, specifically in aspects including, mitigating water conflicts on transboundary aquifers through ISARM (International Shared Aquifer Resources Management), water management of arid areas through Water and Development Information for Arid Lands- A Global Network (Asian G-WADI), and sustainable management of groundwater by UNESCO Water Chair, as well as water education through the programme of Sustainable Water Integrated Management- Educational Component.     

生态系统观测研究网络在地球系统科学 中的作用

地球系统科学是以地球系统为研究对象, 重点研究各圈层、各要素以及自然和人为现象 之间相互作用关系的科学, 是在科学技术自身发展和社会需求共同推动下发展起来的新兴学科。 地球系统科学概念的提出是为了解决全球性的资源和环境问题的需要, 是地球科学向综合集成 方向转变的重要阶段。目前在地球系统科学思想的指导下, 在全球规模上已经组织了一系列重要 国际联合研究计划, 企图组织全球的科学家协作推动地球科学的发展。地球系统科学发展离不开 对地球系统要素和圈层的物理、化学和生物过程的综合观测工作的支持。自20 世纪80 年代以 来, 一些国家、国际组织和国际合作项目都纷纷建立了国家、区域甚至全球尺度的观测、监测和信 息共享网络。国际长期生态研究网络(ILTER) 自20 世纪80 年代开始建设, 其目的是对生态过程 进行长期的监测, 研究各种生态因子的相互作用及生态过程, 从而揭示出生态系统和环境的长期 变化, 为生态系统评价及管理提供科学依据。 中国生态系统研究网络(CERN) 始建于1988 年, 在中国生态系统动态观测、科学研究和试验 示范方面发挥了重要作用, 2005 年在CERN 的基础上, 由国家科技部组织开始建立中国国家生 态系统观测研究网络(CNEN) , 目前已经遴选出了53 个台站, 开始对农田、森林、草地( 含荒漠) 和 水体( 湖泊和海湾) 的动态进行观测研究, 该网络必将成为全球地球观测系统(GEOSS) 的重要组 成部分, 在我国地球系统科学发展的历程中发挥重要作用。本文主要从发展地球系统科学角度, 讨论生态系统观测研究网络在地球系统科学中的作用。     

南极磷虾渔业科学观察覆盖率管理策略和中国履约

回顾了南极海洋生物资源养护委员会(CCAMLR)管理体系中科学观察覆盖的主要要素,以及在过去的6年中中国南极磷虾渔业执行科学观察计划的主要成果,旨在帮助中国磷虾渔船更好地理解和执行相关的政策、规定。国际科学观察制度是CCAMLR管理体系中最为重要的监管组成部分。它是由观察员指派、职责和方法标准、执行效果评估等组成的相对独立管理机制。科学观察员覆盖率是其实施策略的核心评价指标,它在渔船、网次以及具体观察任务3个层次都有不同的管理规定。南极磷虾渔业必须接受CCAMLR严格监管并实施科学观察。2009—2015年6个渔季,中国渔船在贯穿所有渔业活动中,按照CCAMLR要求执行最大可能全面、系统的观察覆盖。已有的23船次中,19船次执行科学观察,聘用科学观察员近30人。各渔季的观察天数覆盖率介于81%—100%(平均覆盖率为94%);渔船覆盖率介于66%—100%,6个渔季平均覆盖率为82%,超过CCAMLR的50%的要求。为应对南极磷虾渔业科学观察管理可能的调整,建议我国建立开放的科学观察培训机制,积极储备极地渔业国家科学观察员人力资源,开拓灵活简便的多重委派途径。     

联合国教科文组织国际水文计划项目在东亚可持续水资源管理中的作用

For over 30 years, IHP (International Hydrological Programme) has been actively operating as a UNESCO’s (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) international scientific cooperative programme in water research, water resources management, education and capacity-building, and the only broadly-based science programme of the UN (United Nations) system in this region. By a number of initiatives and networks, the IHP has progressively carried out activities on the quantity and quality of global/regional water resources, transboundary water resources management, mitigation of water related hazards, and water education. While addressing comprehensive areas over water challenges, greater emphasis has been placed on the role of water resources management for sustainable development and with respect to the expected changes in climate and environmental conditions. WWAP (World Water Assessment Programme) and its major product WWDR (World Water Development Report) in East Asia are under the framework of IHP which supports field oriented activities on monitoring freshwater, developing case studies, enhancing national assessment capacity, and facilitating decision making processes. In light of transboundary waters in IHP, RSC (Regional Steering Committee) plays a focal role for facilitating regional cooperation in the Southeast and East Asia and Pacific States. Furthermore, ISI (International Sediment Initiative) and IFI (International Flood Initiative) have significant roles, respectively, for the management of erosion and sedimentation in line with river system or reservoir management, and for the flood management focusing on capacity building of each country in East Asia. There are other major areas of concern under UNESCO’s IHP programme in East Asia, specifically in aspects including, mitigating water conflicts on transboundary aquifers through ISARM (International Shared Aquifer Resources Management), water management of arid areas through Water and Development Information for Arid Lands- A Global Network (Asian G-WADI), and sustainable management of groundwater by UNESCO Water Chair, as well as water education through the programme of Sustainable Water Integrated Management-Educational Component. Author: Ramasamy Jayakumar, native of India, Ph.D, specialized in application of remote sensing, GIS, geo-statistical methods in hydrogeological modelling and irrigation water management.