国际地震学与工程地震学手册

为纪念国际地震学会(现国际地震学与地球内部物理学协会, IASPEI)成立100周年, 美国学术出版社于2002年和2003年出版了<国际地震学与工程地震学手册>上、下卷.     

法律地震学与库尔斯克号核潜艇沉没

2000年8月10日,俄罗斯北方舰队开始了10多年来最大的海军演习。参加演习的舰艇中有带有重型武器的“库尔斯克”号潜艇,她装备着最现代化的巡航导弹,属于奥斯卡级。从8月14日开始,一系列报道表明库尔斯克号遭受了重创,船员似乎已遇难身亡。到8月17日为止,新闻报道波罗的海     

第24章：监测执行《全面禁止核试验条约》的地震学方法

1996年9月，经过近40年期间遭遇许多次失败的协商谈判之后，对《全面禁止核试验条约》（CTBT）的文本最终达成了一致并在联合国开放供各国签署，随即由5个声称拥有核武器的国家（美、俄、中、英、法）进行了签署。在签字仪式上，克林顿总统称该条约为“最长久的追求、最艰苦的战斗、核武器控制的收获”。     

第23章：地震台阵在地震与禁核试地震学中的用途

在远程检测地下核爆炸的唯一途径是依据其产生的地震信号。正因为这个原因，为验证“全面禁止核试验”情况提供数据而建立的国际监测系统（IMS）还得包含地震台站网。然而，即使监测到了地下核爆信号，也不可能准确无误地辨别出来。该监测系统旨在提供可鉴别出明显是天然扰动的数据和可识别出极有可能是地下核试验的数据。如果检测到可疑扰动，禁止核试验条约的缔约国就可要求这个被怀疑进行核试验的国家允许国际调查组织进入震中区进行现场视察，来核实其是否确实进行了核试验。     

图象识别方法在工程地震学中的应用

本文讨论图象识别方法在工程地震学中应用的现状及前景。首先简略介绍算法的基本原理及对算法的改进,然后作为新研究成果的介绍论述了图象识别方法在确定潜在震源区、砂土液化势方面的应用以及用C-拓扑模糊决策分类系统——一种新的动态分类系统去估计潜在震源区随时间变化发震能力——地震势的方法     

"数字地球"与实时地震学

“数字地球”是对真实地球及其相关现象的统一性的数字化重现和认识，是信息化的地球，是地球的虚拟对照体。“数字地球”的科学体系由基础研究、技术支撑和科学工程三部分组成。现代地震学同样需要基础研究、支撑技术和科学工程，其中，最后一个体系即相当于实时地震学。实时地震学调基础研究和现代技术的结合，强调地震学研究成果的转化和对社会与公众的服务，是地震学发展的“最高境界”。实时地震学需要基础研究和现代技术，更需要建立地震速报系统、地震趋势分析系统、灾害评估系统和地震救灾系统这样的系统工程。     

全面禁止核试验条约组织(CTBTO)筹备委员会核查工作组(B组)会议相关的技术名词解释

参与全面禁止核试验条约组织（CTBTO）筹备委员会核查工作组（B组）会议,以及相关的技术交流活动、核查系统建设等工作,涉及到较为复杂的技术系统和专业技术。为便于从事相关管理和技术工作的专家参考,本文系统地编译了相关技术名词,以供参考。     

台阵地震学、地震台阵与禁核试条约监测系统

本文介绍了台阵地震学的发展,国内外地震台阵的建设和工作进展以及地震台阵与全面禁止核试验条约(CTBT)国际监测系统(IMS)的关系。另外比较系统地论述了台阵地震学在地震精确定位和地球内部构造反演中的应用。     

Modeling Noble Gas Transport and Detection for The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

Detonation gases released by an underground nuclear test include trace amounts of ¹³³Xe and ³⁷Ar. In the context of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, On Site Inspection Protocol, such gases released from or sampled at the soil surface could be used to indicate the occurrence of an explosion in violation of the treaty. To better estimate the levels of detectability from an underground nuclear test (UNE), we developed mathematical models to evaluate the processes of ¹³³Xe and ³⁷Ar transport in fractured rock. Two models are developed respectively for representing thermal and isothermal transport. When the thermal process becomes minor under the condition of low temperature and low liquid saturation, the subsurface system is described using an isothermal and single-gas-phase transport model and barometric pumping becomes the major driving force to deliver ¹³³Xe and ³⁷Ar to the ground surface. A thermal test is simulated using a nonisothermal and two-phase transport model. In the model, steam production and bubble expansion are the major processes driving noble gas components to ground surface. After the temperature in the chimney drops below boiling, barometric pumping takes over the role as the major transport process.     

Potential of Spectrum Categorisation Concepts using Radionuclide Ratios for Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verification

In order to develop further existing categorisation concepts for CTBT verification, xenon ratios have been used to help identify nuclear explosions. 25,726 noble gas spectra have been analysed and an additional state-of-health criterion has been introduced.     

A Surface Wave Dispersion Study of the Middle East and North Africa for Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

—?We present results from a large-scale study of surface-wave group velocity dispersion across the Middle East, North Africa, southern Eurasia and the Mediterranean. Our database for the region is populated with seismic data from regional events recorded at permanent and portable broadband, three-component digital stations. We have measured the group velocity using a multiple narrow-band filter on deconvolved displacement data. Overall, we have examined more than 13,500 seismograms and made good quality dispersion measurements for 6817 Rayleigh- and 3806 Love-wave paths. We use a conjugate gradient method to perform a group-velocity tomography. Our current results include both Love- and Rayleigh-wave inversions across the region for periods from 10 to 60 seconds. Our findings indicate that short-period structure is sensitive to slow velocities associated with large sedimentary features such as the Mediterranean Sea and Persian Gulf. We find our long-period Rayleigh-wave inversion is sensitive to crustal thickness, such as fast velocities under the oceans and slow along the relatively thick Zagros Mts. and Turkish-Iranian Plateau. We also find slow upper mantle velocities along known rift systems. Accurate group velocity maps can be used to construct phase-matched filters along any given path. The filters can improve weak surface wave signals by compressing the dispersed signal. The signals can then be used to calculate regionally determined M _S measurements, which we hope can be used to extend the threshold of m _b :M _S discriminants down to lower magnitude levels. Other applications include using the group velocities in the creation of a suitable background model for forming station calibration maps, and using the group velocities to model the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle.