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1.
This paper reports the results of thermal-release argon analyses of neutron-irradiated samples of the two nakhlite meteorites, Lafayette and Nakhla. The initiation of retention of radiogenic40Ar in Lafayette appears to have been a reasonably well-defined event which occurred (1.33 ± 0.03) × 109 yr ago, as determined by the40Ar-39Ar method. Nakhla also appears to have been retaining argon no longer than 1.3 × 109 yr, but its gas-retention age cannot be considered well-defined because its apparently most-retentive sites have nominal gas-retention ages shorter than those of the less-retentive sites which contain most of its potassium.  相似文献   

2.
Two small fragments, L24B, a glass-rich agglutinate (1.9 mg) and L24A, a fine-grained lithic fragment (9.4 mg), from the Luna 24 landing site have been neutron irradiated for the purpose of39Ar-40Ar dating. A fairly well-defined39Ar-40Ar plateau age of 3.65 ± 0.12 AE was found for the larger fragment. After appropriate corrections the composition of the trapped and spallogenic Ar could be deciphered. The evolution of38Arsp/37Ar showed that 660 m.y. and 500 m.y. were the most reliable exposure ages for L24A and L24B, respectively. The Ti contents of ≤0.6% determined by gamma-counting prior to the Ar analysis indicate both fragments being associated with the group of low-Ti or even very low-Ti basalts.  相似文献   

3.
40Ar/39Ar incremental heating experiments on igneous plagioclase, biotite, and pyroxene that contain known amounts of excess40Ar indicate that saddle-shaped age spectra are diagnostic of excess40Ar in igneous minerals as well as in igneous rocks. The minima in the age spectra approach but do not reach the crystallization age. Neither the age spectrum diagram nor the40Ar/36Ar versus39Ar/36Ar isochron diagram reliably reveal the crystallization age in such samples.  相似文献   

4.
40Ar/39Ar dating results on seven volcanic rocks from four areas of the Deccan Traps, India, suggest that volcanic activity more than 70 Ma ago might have occurred at least in limited areas.In the Igat Puri area, the uppermost flow shows an40Ar/39Ar age of 63 Ma, whereas a lower flow has an age of around 82–84 Ma.40Ar/39Ar ages of samples from the Bombay area also seem to favor the occurrence of volcanic activity more than 70 Ma ago. One rhyolite dyke from the Osam Hill in the Girnar Hill area shows a well-defined plateau age of 68 Ma, whereas two tholeiitic basalts from the Mahabaleshwar area indicate a total40Ar/39Ar age of around 63–64 Ma, though they show the effect of secondary disturbance in the age spectra.The volcanic activity(ies) more than 70 Ma ago may correspond to precursory one(s) for the main volcanic activity around 65 Ma ago in the Deccan Traps.  相似文献   

5.
The Kirin meteorite, a large (2800kg) H5 chondrite, fell in Kirin Province, China in 1976. A sample from each of the two largest fragments (K-1, K-2) yield40Ar/39Ar total fusion ages of 3.63 ± 0.02b.y. and 2.78 ± 0.02b.y. respectively.40Ar/39Ar age spectra show typical diffusional argon loss profiles. Maximum apparent ages of 4.36 b.y. (K-1) and ~4.0 b.y. (K-2) are interpreted as possible minimum estimates for the age of crystallization of the parent body.The40Ar/39Ar ages found for gas released at low temperature are about 2.2 b.y. for K-1 and about 0.5 b.y. for K-2, suggesting that this meteorite may have suffered two discrete collisional events that caused degassing of radiogenic argon. Modelling of possible thermal events in the parent body indicates that samples K-1 and K-2 were at a depth of less than 3 m from the base of an impact melt of a thickness less than 7 m and separated by no more than ~2 m from one another at the time of the heating event about 0.5 b.y. ago. Further, the duration of heating was probably less than a few years.Calculations from38Ar data yield exposure ages for samples K-1 and K-2 of about 5 m.y., similar to that found for many other H chondrites.  相似文献   

6.
40Ar/39Ar age spectrum analyses of samples from Broken Hill, New South Wales, indicate that the region has experienced a complex thermal history following high-grade metamorphism, 1660 Ma ago. The terrain cooled slowly (~3°C Ma?1) until about 1570 Ma ago, when the temperature fell below about 500°C. Following granitoid emplacement ~1500 Ma ago, the region remained relatively cold until affected by a thermal pulse 520±40Ma ago, causing temperatures to rise to~350°C in some places. During this event, accumulated40Ar was released from minerals causing a significant Ar partial pressure to develop. Laboratory Ar solubility data combined with the40Ar/39Ar age spectra gives a local estimate of this partial pressure of ~10?4atm. The region finally cooled below 100°C about 280 Ma ago.40Ar/39Ar age spectrum analyses of hornblende, plagioclase and clinopyroxene containing excess40Ar are characterized by saddle-shaped age spectra. Detailed analysis of plagioclase samples reveals a complex diffusion behaviour, which is controlled by exsolution structures. This effect, in conjunction with the presumed different lattice occupancy of excess40Ar with respect to radiogenic40Ar, appears to be responsible for the saddle-shaped age spectra.  相似文献   

7.
In several xenolithic ultramafic rocks from the Kola Peninsula, including a magnetic separate, abnormally high40Ar/39Ar ratios persisted at low and high temperatures. The lowest40Ar/39Ar ratio was consistently observed at intermediate temperatures (900–1100°C), indicating an apparent age of 2.8–3.1 b.y.; however, this may not indicate the formation age.The quantity of excess40Ar was estimated at each temperature fraction, adopting ages inferred from published Rb-Sr ages or the minimum40Ar/39Ar age. Excess40Ar is abundantly trapped both in mineral lattices and nonretentive trapping sites, but the trapping sites are different from those of in-situ radiogenic40Ar. The high temperature component of excess40Ar is considered to represent Ar dissolved during mineral formation in the upper mantle or the lower crust.A correlation between the amount of high temperature excess40Ar and36Ar exists for some samples. The40Arexcess/36Ar ratios of the rocks of probable upper mantle or lower crust origin vary from about 10 000 to 35 000, which may suggest large fluctuations of this ratio in the deep interior of the earth. The high value implies that most36Ar was already degassed from the earth's interior at least 2 or 3 b.y. ago.  相似文献   

8.
40Ar-39Ar and Rb-Sr ages have been measured on separated minerals from the potassic volcanics of the Roman Comagmatic Region to test the ability of these methods to accurately data Quaternary geological events. The very high K and Rb contents of the Roman magmas present particularly favorable situations in which the very high concentrations of the radioactive nuclides40K and87Rb result in well resolved in situ enrichments of the daughter isotopes despite the very young ages. Six leucite separates contained Ar with very high bulk40/36 ratios (above 1000) and in which the40Ar and the39Ar were very well correlated, yielding well-defined ages averaging3.38±0.08×105 years. Two leucites contained Ar with lower bulk40/36 ratios (~400), and in at least two release steps from these leucites the40Ar/36Ar ratio was significantly lower than atmospheric. Despite the uncertainty in the composition of the trapped component, these two leucites have ages that do not differ significantly from the ages of the other leucites. For the biotites, it was not possible to obtain through stepwise degassing a good separation of in situ radiogenic40Ar from trapped40Ar and therefore the calculated ages are not as precise as those of the leucites. In three cases the biotite age agrees with the age of the cogenetic leucite, but in the remaining two cases discordant ages are obtained, suggesting caution when using biotites as Quaternary age indicators.Rb-Sr measurements on leucite, biotite, and pyroxene separates hand-picked from each of three tuff samples yielded a dispersion in87Sr/86Sr as large as 16 parts in 104 and87Rb/86Sr as high as 218 for leucites, and permitted the determination of internal isochron ages. The ages obtained range from3.8±0.2×105to3.3±0.2×105 years and are in good agreement with the40Ar-39Ar ages on the leucites. The data for each tuff sample yield a well-defined uniform initial87Sr/86Sr. However, different tuffs show small differences in initial87Sr/86Sr pointing to distinct sources or to assimilation of different materials during the extrusion of the tuffs. These measurements demonstrate the possibility of dating Quaternary materials by both the40Ar-39Ar method and the Rb-Sr method. The observation of concordant ages with a precision of a few percent represents a powerful tool in Quaternary stratigraphy.  相似文献   

9.
Determinations of40Ar/39Ar and U-Th-Pb are reported for three clasts from the Abee (E4) enstatite chondrite, which has been the object of extensive consortium investigations. The clasts give40Ar/39Ar plateau ages and/or maximum ages of 4.5 Gy, whereas two of the clasts give average ages of 4.4 Gy. Within the range of 4.4–4.5 Gy these data do not resolve any possible age differences among the three clasts.206Pb measured in these clasts is only ~1.5–2.5% radiogenic, which leads to relatively large uncertainties in the Pb isochron age and in the207Pb/206Pb model ages. The Pb data indicate that the initial207Pb/206Pb was no more than 0.08±0.07% higher than this ratio in Can?on Diablo troilite. The U-Th-Pb data are consistent with the interpretation that initial formation of these clasts occurred 4.58 Gy ago and that the clasts have since remained closed systems, but are contaminated with terrestrial Pb. The40Ar/39Ar ages could be gas retention ages after clast formation or impact degassing ages. The thermal history of Abee deduced from Ar data appears consistent with that deduced from magnetic data, and suggests that various Abee components experienced separate histories until brecciation no later than 4.4 Gy ago, and experienced no appreciable subsequent heating.  相似文献   

10.
40Ar/39Ar analyses have been made on phlogopite-bearing peridotite nodules from Bultfontein and phlogopite nodules from Du Toitspan, Kimberley area, South Africa. Neither definite plateau nor isochron age could be obtained due to the occurrence of an excess40Ar in phlogopite. However, the extrusion age of a phlogopite nodule from Du Toitspan has been estimated to be about 86 m.y. from the combination of the youngest40Ar/39Ar age in the intermediate temperature fraction with Rb/Sr age data reported for this area.Excess40Ar correlates with K-derived39Ar in some phlogopites suggesting that it is trapped in K- or K-similar sites and has been incorporated during phlogopite formation.The occurrence of large amounts of excess40Ar in phlogopite suggests that it was not formed at a shallow depth.  相似文献   

11.
Samples of mylonite, ultramylonite and phyllonite were collected from 5 localities in the Anhui part of the Tan-Lu fault zone for40Ar/39Ar chronological studies. Among them 4 samples from 3 localities on the eastern margin of the Dabie orogenic belt yielded40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 128 —132 Ma; and 2 samples from the western margin of the Zhangbalin uplift and eastern margin of the Bengbu uplift gave the same40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 120 Ma. Isochron analyses and other lines of evidence suggest that the data are reliable. The data are interpreted as cooling ages of sinistral strike-slip deformation of the Tan-Lu fault zone. The younger ages from the north might be related to slower strike-slip rising. These results indicate that the large-scale left-lateral displacement in the Tan-Lu fault zone took place in the Early Cretaceous, rather than in Late Triassic (Indosinian) as proposed by some geologists. Therefore, this fault zone is an intracontinental wrench fault rather than a transform fault or suture line developed during formation of the Dabie orogenic belt.  相似文献   

12.
K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dates are presented for locations in the Izu–Bonin – Mariana (IBM) forearc (Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites 786 & 782, Chichijima, Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) sites 458 & 459, Saipan), and Palau on the remnant arc of the Kyushu–Palau Ridge. For a number of these locations, the 40Ar/39Ar plateau and 36Ar/40Ar versus 39Ar/40Ar isochrons give older ages than the K–Ar results. The most important results are: (i) at site 786, initial construction of the proto-IBM (now forearc) basement occurred at least by ca 47–45 Ma, consistent with the age of the immediately overlying sediments (middle Eocene nannofossil Zone CP13c); the younger pulse of construction dated at ca 35 Ma by K–Ar could not be confirmed by 40Ar/39Ar analysis; (ii) 40Ar/39Ar ages for the initial construction of the Mariana portion of the IBM system are as old as those of the Izu–Bonin portion, for example at site 458, initial construction commenced at least by ca 49 Ma and at ca 47 Ma at Saipan (Sankakayuma Formation); and (iii) a combination of K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar ages indicate continued boninite magmatism in the Izu–Bonin forearc (and remnant arc at Palau) until ca 35 Ma. Subduction inception including boninite series rocks along most of the exposed length of the IBM system, clearly preceded by some 5 million years the Middle Eocene (ca 43.5 Ma) change in Pacific plate motion. Boninitic series magmatism persisted at locations now exposed in the forearc for ~ 15 million years after arc inception concurrently with low-K tholeiitic series eruptions from a subaerial arc system, established at ≥ 40 Ma, on the Kyushu–Palau Ridge. For the Mariana portion of the IBM system, reconstruction of the proto-arc places this activity adjacent to the concurrent but orthogonally spreading Central Basin Ridge of the West Philippine Basin. It is possible that a combination of subduction of a young North New Guinea Plate beneath newly created back-arc basin crust may account for some of the features of the Mariana system. It is clear, however, that the understanding of the processes of subduction initiation and early IBM arc development is incomplete.  相似文献   

13.
Alpine biotites containing excess40Ar have been analysed by step-heating argon analysis of both neutron irradiated and unirradiated samples. In addition to age spectra the data are discussed in terms of the thermal release of40Ar,39Ar,37Ar and36Ar and also displayed on a correlation plot of36Ar/40Ar vs.39Ar/40Ar which is used to interpret the data and present a model of isotopic evolution during metamorphic cooling. This diagram overcomes misleading complications of isochron plots. The samples exhibit the following argon systematics: (1) flat age spectra for 80–90%39Ar release with anomalously old ages but early gas fractions that approximate the accepted cooling ages; (2) each sample shows decreasing36Ar/40Ar with increasing temperature of heating step with three samples having a negative correlation of36Ar/40Ar vs.39Ar/40Ar and one a positive correlation; (3) there appear to be two36Ar components, one released at high temperatures and correlated with radiogenic40Ar and one released at low temperatures which is not correlated with radiogenic40Ar; and (4) there is no significant effect of neutron irradiation on the release of40Ar and36Ar.Interpretation suggests that these biotites contain a record of the evolution and isotopic composition of ambient argon retained within the metamorphic host rocks during cooling. After incorporation of argon of high40Ar/36Ar another argon component, of atmospheric composition, was retained at lower temperature and argon partial pressures.  相似文献   

14.
The presence of a non-radiogenic argon component within rocks and minerals at the time of their crystallization (termed initial argon) is now widely recognized. Present data indicate that the36Ar concentration of this initial argon is in the order of 10?9 cm3/g STP in a wide range of geological materials. In40Ar-39Ar analyses the preference for small samples and division of the gas evolved into a number of temperature steps means that the amount of initial36Ar analyzed is often less than the argon extraction line blank. Thus if blank corrections are not made an isochron plot will represent mixing lines between atmospheric argon and the argon derived from the sample. In this case the isochron parameters will probably be in error. Secondary alteration of samples adds atmospheric argon not related to the initial argon present in a rock at the time of its formation and must be eliminated or avoided if the isochron technique is to be used. The inability to obtain isochrons for samples with excess radiogenic argon may be related to significant extraction system contamination. At present the application of the two-error regression technique is being misapplied in determining the quality of fit and in some cases underestimating the error limits assigned to the isochron parameters.  相似文献   

15.
Gneisses within an Archean basement terrane adjacent to the southwestern portion of the Labrador Trough were variably retrograded during a regional metamorphism of Grenville age (ca. 1000 Ma). Biotites from non-retrograded segments of the gneiss terrane record40Ar/39Ar plateau and isochron ages which date times of cooling following an episode of the Kenoran orogeny (2376–2391 Ma). A suite of gneiss samples displaying varying degrees of retrograde alteration was collected across the Grenville metamorphic gradient. Biotites in these samples show no petrographic evidence of retrograde alteration, however they do record internally discordant40Ar/39Ar age spectra. Although the extent of internal discordance is variable, the overall character of the release patterns is similar with younger apparent ages recorded in intermediate-temperature gas fractions. The total-gas dates range from 2257±27 Ma (northwest) to 1751±23 Ma (southeast), suggesting that variable quantities of radiogenic argon were lost from the Archean biotites during Grenville metamorphism. The “saddle-shaped” nature of the discordant spectra indicates that argon loss was not accomplished through single-stage, volume diffusion processes.Biotites in portions of the gneiss terrane which were completely recrystallized during Grenville metamorphism are petrographically and texturally distinct. A representative of this phase records a40Ar/39Ar plateau age of 2674±28 Ma. This date is markedly inconsistent with regional constraints on the timing of Grenville metamorphism, and indicates the presence of extraneous argon components. Both the extraneous and radiogenic argon components must have been liberated in constant proportions during experimental heating because the argon isotopic data yield a well-defined40Ar/36Ar vs.39Ar/36Ar isochron corresponding to an age (2658±23 Ma) similar to that defined by the plateau portion of the spectrum.The40Ar/39Ar biotite dates suggest that the effects of Grenville metamorphism extent 15–20 km northward into the Superior Province. The limit of this overprint is approximately coincident with the northernmost development of Grenville age thrust faults in the Archean terrane. Therefore, it is proposed that the northern margin of the Grenville Province in southwestern Labrador should be located along the northernmost Grenville thrust fault because this represents both a structural and a thermal discontinuity.  相似文献   

16.
Results of40Ar/39Ar stepwise outgassing experiments are reported for six slates, one hornfels and one metasilt-stone from the Lower Paleozoic Meguma Group of Nova Scotia, Canada. The age spectrum of the hornfels and of one slate collected from the vicinity of a granite contact have both been completely reset by the thermal effects of the intrusion. The latter, however, has not produced any recognizable mineralogical modification of the slate. Two samples in the collection contain potassium feldspar, possibly of detrital origin, and both have yielded discordant age spectra which cannot be unambiguously interpreted.Three apparently “clean” slates collected from localities well removed from the effects of the granite batholith have yielded quite well-defined age plateaus at ?415 Ma (revised decay and isotopic constants). The mean total gas40Ar/39Ar age or, equivalently, the mean K-Ar age is ?400 Ma. From these data we suggest a minimum value ?400–415 Ma for the time of initiation of the Acadian Orogeny in Nova Scotia which culminated with post-deformational “granitic” intrusion ?370–380 Ma ago.  相似文献   

17.
Gorringe Bank is situated on the Europe-Africa plate boundary at the eastern end of the Azores-Gibraltar fracture zone. It has two summits, Gettysburg Bank to the Southwest and Ormonde Bank to the northeast.We applied the40Ar/39Ar stepwise heating method to date six samples of the alkaline volcanic rocks, two gabbros from the Ormonde Bank and a dolerite from the Gettysburg Bank. The results that the alkaline volcanism lasted probably for less than 6 Ma(66-60 Ma).Although the nature of this volcanism precludes any subduction feature during its setting, the alkaline volcanism of Ormonde is probably linked to Upper Cretaceous/Eocene compressive tectonic events.The basement rocks of Gorringe Bank reveal distrubed40Ar/39Ar age spectra. One plagioclase and one biotite from a gabbro give evidence for a thermic event whose age is tentatively estimated at about 75 Ma, and related to a variation in the direction of the relative movement between Europe and Africa. The more probable age given by a plagioclase of another gabbro and by a dolerite (110 Ma) corresponds to tilting northeastward of the Gorringe massif.  相似文献   

18.
40Ar/39Ar step-heating analyses have been performed on 11 samples of basalt from sites near Owyhee Reservoir of southeastern Oregon, U.S.A. These rocks were extruded during the great flood basalt episode of the Pacific Northwest. The whole-rock points are highly correlated on a plot of40Ar/36Ar versus39Ar/36Ar, corresponding to a common age of the samples of 14.3 ± 0.3 m.y. Inspite of this, individual “plateau” plots of the age versus fraction of39Ar released do not give good plateaux. These age spectra exhibit to varying degrees a common structure in which lower age values are found at higher temperatures. This pattern may result from a closed-system redistribution of the argon isotopes. The usefulness of grinding the basalts in removing a loosely held atmospheric argon component is confirmed.  相似文献   

19.
We report the results of thermal-release argon analyses of neutron-irradiated green glass spherules separated from lunar sample 15426. The gas-retention age, as determined by the40Ar39Ar method, is (3.38 ± 0.06) X 109yr. This age is similar to those of local mare basalts and distinct from the ages of Appenine Front samples recovered from the same region as 15426. Trapped argon is present in near-surface regions of the spherules, and can be resolved into at least two components requiring separate origins, a shallow (0.1 μ) component with40Ar/39Ar > 30, and a deeper (2 μ) component with 40Ar/36Ar= 2.9. The ratio of trapped40Ar to36Ar is higher than found in any lunar soil and suggests that the trapped gas was implanted early in the spherules' history. The cosmic-ray exposure age is 300 my.  相似文献   

20.
Ar analyses are reported for five coarse-grained, Ca-Al-rich inclusions from the Allende meteorite. The samples were neutron-irradiated in individual evacuated ampoules, and the Ar gas in the ampoules as well as the samples was analyzed. A large fraction (up to 60%) of the39Ar from39K (n, p) reactions was lost out of the inclusions into the ampoules. The39Ar losses resulted in substantial increases in the apparent40Ar-39Ar ages of the samples.39Ar recoil loss during neutron-irradiation is a major effect and must be accounted for in40Ar-39Ar dating. All of the Allende inclusions studied contained substantial trapped36Ar. The origin of the trapped36Ar is unknown, and the possible presence of trapped40Ar cannot be excluded. Ar measurements on Allende inclusions which have yielded anomalously old ages must be re-examined in the context of39Ar recoil loss and possible contributions of trapped40Ar. Allende inclusions appear on both accounts to be poor candidates to search for relicts of presolar materials with well-defined K/Ar ages.  相似文献   

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