九龙江河口区稀土元素地球化学特征

用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）对2007年10月航次采集的九龙江河口区溶解态、悬浮颗粒态、沉积物样品中的稀土元素（REEs）进行了测定,对REEs的地球化学特征进行研究.结果表明,REEs在各相态中的含量范围如下：溶解态的为0.1 ng/dm^3（Eu）～1.96μg/dm^3（Ce）,悬浮颗粒态的为0.28（Tm）～142.83（Ce）mg/kg,沉积物的为0.25（Tm）～99.65（Ce）mg/kg;溶解态、悬浮颗粒态及沉积物中REEs球粒陨石标准化配分曲线均表现为负斜率型,九龙江河口为LREE相对HREE富集型河口.九龙江河口溶解态、悬浮颗粒态、沉积物三相态中REEs含量受流域土壤、地表径流等源区因素影响较大.Ce异常值在各相态中表现为负异常.     

南黄海及东海北部夏季若干水文特征和环流的分析

利用“中韩黄海水循环动力学合作研究”1 997年 7月航次和“黄海综合环境调查”1 998年 8月航次观测所得的CTD资料 ,对南黄海及东海北部夏季的水文特征和特大洪水年长江冲淡水扩展特征进行探讨。同时还根据夏季所施放的卫星跟踪漂流浮标的轨迹、底层人工水母的漂移路径及等密面深度的分布对夏季环流作了阐述 ,提出夏季南黄海环流并非单一的气旋式系统 ,其内部还存在着气旋、反气旋的多个较小的环流 ;东海北部交替出现气旋、反气旋涡旋。     

Species composition and diversity of Euphausiacea in the East China Sea

[1]Cai Bingji. 1978. The taxonomy study on     

长江口上升流海区的生态环境特征

根据 1 985年 8月的调查资料 ,讨论了长江口上升流海区的生态环境特征。研究表明 ,在长江口外 ,大约在 1 2 2°2 0′— 1 2 3°1 0′E、31°0 0′— 32°0 0′N海区存在着明显的下层高盐冷水的抬升现象 ;伴随这种上升运动 ,于 5— 1 0m层 ,在上述高盐冷水区明显地存在一个低溶解氧、高营养盐区。资料表明 ,该低氧、高营养盐海水不是直接来自表层的长江冲淡水 ,而是来自深底层的变性后的台湾暖流水。分析表明 ,长江口外的浮游植物高值区的分布位置与上升流区基本一致 ,两者比较浮游植物高值区略向东南方向偏移约 1 5— 2 0km。作者认为形成这种偏离现象的原因可能与上升流中心区水温偏低有关     

长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中重金属的空间分布及沉积通量

长江每年输送大量的泥沙进入东海,其中细颗粒沉积物具有搬运距离远、扩散范围大的特点,成为示踪河口及近海沉积物源汇过程的良好载体。本文基于采自长江口及邻近海域的44个表层沉积物样品,分析了细颗粒组分中重金属的空间分布和沉积通量,探讨了重金属来源和搬运沉积过程。研究表明:长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中Cu、Cr、Ni、V和Zn含量、沉积通量的空间分布具有高度的相似性,总体表现为长江口及浙闽沿岸高,向外急剧降低;该区细颗粒沉积物中的重金属主要来自长江,入海后向两个方向扩散,其一为向西南方向扩散,沉积于内陆架泥质区;其二是向东的跨陆架输送,沉积于长江冲淡水影响的海域。从长江口向西南方向的输送和沉积是长江入海重金属最重要的汇。     

长江口及邻近海域夏季表层沉积物中重金属等的分布、来源与沉积物环境质量

通过现场调查研究报道了长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中重金属、有机碳、石油类、硫化物以及氮磷的分布、来源以及沉积物环境质量.结果显示,长江口及邻近海域表层沉积物中重金属、有机碳、石油类、硫化物以及氮磷的分布很不均匀,除硫化物外,重金属、有机碳、石油类以及氮磷基本呈现长江口和杭州湾东北近岸的上海外海出现高值,其他区域浓度较低...     

冬、夏季渤黄海表层沉积物粒度特征差异及其成因分析

对渤海、黄海海域冬、夏两季表层沉积物取样,通过激光粒度仪得出粒度参数,进而分析讨论冬季强的沿岸流的作用、黄海暖流、夏季冷水团的影响以及地形、海底地貌特征、物源特征等对表层沉积物分布造成的影响。结果表明,冬、夏两季渤黄海表层沉积物粒度特征总体上相差不大,但部分海域如渤海中北部、渤海中南部、北黄海西北部近渤海海峡北部海域、山东半岛东北部海域、南黄海中部沉积物粒度特征存在明显季节性差异。表层沉积物粒度特征季节性差异与地形地貌、沿岸流、黄海暖流、黄海冷水团及物源密切相关。本研究对于探讨渤黄海不同季节表层沉积物沉积特征的影响机制、了解渤黄海区海洋动力过程的季节差异有积极意义。     

南海东北部末次冰期以来沉积环境演变

利用南海东北部上陆坡处所取的D孔(21°23′02″N,116°47′13″E,水深405m)进行硅藻分析,结合粒度分析与碎屑矿物分析结果,探讨该海域末次冰期以来沉积环境演变过程。结果表明:粒度与硅藻分析结果较为吻合,共同显示D孔可分为上下两层,上层(0-2cm)的砂质沉积层为经冰后期海进过程改造的晚更新世残留沉积层;下层(2-130cm)主要是末次冰期形成的浅海沉积。整个柱样可反映出海洋同位素MIS4期海退至MIS3期海进与MIS2期海退至冰后期海进的沉积韵律。     

南海东沙海域冷泉渗漏区沉积物稀土元素地球化学特征

东沙海域是我国典型的冷泉活动区,该区域表层沉积物的稀土元素地球化学特征不仅受其源区控制,同时也可能会受到冷泉渗漏活动的影响。本文选取位于南海北部陆坡973-4站位的柱状样为研究对象,该站位位于21°54.3247’N、118°49.0818’E,水深为1666m,柱状样总长1375cm,采用电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)等分析测试方法,测得样品的稀土元素以及部分微量和主量元素数据,并结合总碳(TC)、总有机碳(TOC)以及有孔虫质量分数等数据,探讨了冷泉泄漏对周围成岩环境及沉积物稀土元素地球化学特征的影响。结果发现,973-4站位柱状样在海底以下459~619cm深度范围内稀土元素含量整体异常减少,但所有样品稀土元素分布模式及相关稀土元素参数均十分一致。结合冷泉活动研究,表明该区域沉积物元素地球化学特征的异常与物源无关,是受自生碳酸盐岩的增加所影响。此外,通过分析δCe值随深度的变化以及自生碳酸盐岩和硫酸盐-甲烷转换带(SMTZ)的分布情况发现三者相关度很高,表明自生碳酸盐岩的增加很可能是该区域发生的冷泉渗漏导致的甲烷厌氧氧化作用(AOM)所产生的。     

Distribution characteristics of zooplankton biomass in the East China Sea

On the basis of the data of oceanographic survey in the East China Sea in four seasons during 1997-2000 (23°30'~33°00'N, 118°30'-128°E), the variation of total biomass and diet biomass of zooplankton and their spatial-temporal distribution and relationship with the fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus are approached and analyzed. The results show that the average biomass is 65.32 mg/m3 in four seasons, autumn (86.18 mg/m3) being greater than summer (69.18 mg/m3) greater than spring (55.67 mg/m3) greater than winter (50.33 mg/m3). The average value of diet zooplankton biomass is 40.9 mg/m3. The trends of horizontal distribution both in the total biomass and the diet biomass of zooplankton are similar. The high biomass region (250-500 mg/m3) is very limited, only accounting for 1% of the investigation area. Seasonal variation of the biomass is very remarkable in the west and north parts of East China Sea coastal waters ( 29°30'N,125°E). The horizontal distribution of diet zooplankton depends on the     

Matrix bound phosphine in sediments of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent shelf areas

Matrix bound phosphine (MBP) is commonly considered an important phosphorus form in the natural environment. This paper presents an investigation of the spatial distribution of MBP and its relationship with the environmental factors in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent shelf areas (29.5–32°N, 122–124°E). A total of 32 surface sediment samples were collected from April 24 to 30, 2008. MBP was detected in all samples from the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent shelf surface sediments (0.1–29.7 ng kg⁻¹). The concentration of MBP decreased from the Changjiang Estuary to the East China Sea shelf. Environmental factors such as organic matter, type of sediments, and redox conditions were found to affect the concentration and distribution of MBP in the marine sediments. Although the MBP levels were low in the marine sediments, the marine biogeochemical cycles of MBP in sediments were established and the information presented here will contribute to the understanding of the biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus.     

长江口及邻近海域沉积物再悬浮对水体磷酸盐的影响的模拟研究

以长江口及邻近海域为研究区域,采用改进后的SEDEX法对沉积物中各形态磷的含量进行了分析,并通过模拟实验探讨了沉积物再悬浮对上覆水体磷酸盐浓度的影响。结果表明:碎屑磷（De-P）是沉积物磷的主要赋存形态,占总磷（TP）的50%以上;其次是可提取态有机磷（Or-P）和非活性有机磷（Re-P）;生物可利用磷（BAP）占总磷的比例约为21%,可提取态有机磷（Or-P）是生物可利用磷（BAP）的主要存在形态。沉积物再悬浮时,水体磷酸盐的浓度显著升高,说明沉积物再悬浮会引起沉积物中磷的释放;水体磷酸盐浓度升高主要源于沉积物中磷的释放,而间隙水的贡献较低。沉积物发生再悬浮时,厌氧条件相对于好氧条件,更有利于沉积物磷的释放。     

Distribution characteristics of zooplankton biomass in the East China Sea

On the basis of the data of oceanographic survey in the East China Sea in four seasons during 1997～2000 (23°30′～33°00′N,118°30′～ 128°E), the variation of total biomass and diet biomass of zooplankton and their spatial-temporal distribution and relationship with the fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus are approached and analyzed. The results show that the average biomass is 65.32 mg/m3 in four seasons, autumn (86.18 mg/m3) being greater than summer (69.18 mg/m3) greater than spring (55.67 mg/m3) greater than winter (50.33 mg/m3). The average value of diet zooplankton hiomass is 40.9 mg/m3.The trends of horizontal distribution both in the total biomass and the diet biomass of zooplankton are similar. The high biomass region (250～500 mg/m3) is very limited, only accounting for 1% of the investigation area. Seasonal variation of the biomass is very remarkable in the west and north parts of East China Sea coastal waters (29°30'N,125°E). The horizontal distribution of diet zooplankton depends on the abundance distribution of crustacean. The distribution of diet zooplankton is related to the fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus and the high-density area of young fish and larval. In spring, the central fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus (>100 kg/h) and the high-density area of young fish and larval (>100 individuals per net) are located at the same place of high-density (100～250 mg/m3)area of diet zooplankton in the middle-southern part of East China Sea or the edge of its waters.     

Morphology and distribution of the marine diatom Azpeitia africana(Janisch ex A. Schmidt) G. Fryxell & T. P. Watkins in the South China Sea

The purpose of the present paper is to study the morphological structure and variability of Azpeitia africana and to determine its geographical distribution in the surface sediments of the South China Sea(SCS). Sediment samples were collected with grabs or box corers in one cruise in 2001 and two cruises in 2007. The sampling stations were located between 3°56.61′–20°59.37′N and 108°30.68′–116°46.70′E,where the water depth ranged from 72 m to 4 238 m. The diatom was observed by phase contrast microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Microscopical observation showed that A. africana had circular valves with the areolar lines radiating from the eccentric ring. The central rimoportula had an external tube recessed on the edge of a central ring. The marginal rimoportulae were not evenly spaced, and they were positioned more closely together in one quadrant than in the others. Azpeitia africana is the most abundant diatom species in the southern region of the SCS, and accounted for 0.9%–5.6% of all diatom species in the Xisha Islands area. Average cell density of A. africana was 1.1×10~5 valves/g. The percentage abundance of A.africana was low(0%–2.5%) in the northern regions of the SCS and the Sunda Shelf, and it was not detected in the northwestern continental shelf(shallow water area) and northern Kalimantan Island shelf. Our results suggested that A. africana is a typical warm water species and that it could be used as an indicator of the warm Paci?c Ocean water, including the Kuroshio Current, ?owing into the SCS.     

Study on abundance variation of pteropods in the East China Sea

1 Introduction Pteropoda, an order of marine pelagic mollusks, belongstoClassGastropoda,SubclassOpisthobranchia. The speciesofthisorder can be found all over the world buttheyareusuallyabundantinthecontinentalshelfand continental slope area. As fish diets…     

东海陆架北部表层细粒级沉积物的级配及意义

本文依据东海陆架北部 2 3个表层沉积物样品的粒度分析资料 ,就东海陆架北部表层细粒级沉积物的级配及意义进行了研究。结果表明 ,研究区表层沉积物中细粒级部分以 <0 .0 16 mm为优势粒级 ,可占到总细粒级沉积物的 75 %以上。济州岛西南泥质区以细于 0 .0 0 8mm粒级的沉积物占据优势 ,长江口泥质区则以 <0 .0 16 mm粒级的沉积物为主 ,两泥质区细粒级沉积物的级配很不相同     

Species composition,diversity and density of plagic Ostracoda in the East China Sea

On the basis of seasonal investigations at 23°30'~33°00'N,118°30'~128°00'E of the East China Sea during 1997~2000,dynamics on the density and diversity of Ostracoda was discussed.Results showed that totally 26 species were identified.The Ostracoda diversity was opposite to the change of its density in most seasons which reflected an uneven assignment of Ostracoda density among its different species.The Ostracoda density was 0.70 ind./m3 in spring,1.72 ind./m3 in summer,2.57 ind./m3 in autumn and 0.90 ind./m3 in winter.Euconchoecia chierchiae in spring and winter,Euconchoecia maimai in summer and Cypridina dentata in autumn were main dominant species in each season.The Ostracoda density did not show an obvious linear relationship with the hydrologic factors in summer and autumn,but was related to the surface salinity in spring and the surface temperature in winter.Its high density areas mainly distributed in the north offshore in all the seasons while in the south offshore in winter and in spring,and the south nearshore in summer and autumn,implied the zooplankton was a typical warm water animal,whose high density distribution in autumn were located in a similar position to Todarodes pacificus,Navodon Septentrionalis,Scomber japonicus and other fishes in the sea,so as to be an important indicator for fishing ground.The main species dominating in Ostracoda now are different from the species twenty years ago probably attributes to global warming.     

Laboratory Simulation on Phosphorus Releasing near the Water／Sediment Interface in the East China Sea off the Changjiang Estuary

Surface sediment samples taken from the East China Sea off the Changjiang estuary are used as raw materials for phosphorus releasing experiment. It is found that after being thoroughly mixed with seawater for about 10 minutes, phosphorus released from the sediments reaches its maximum value. Adsorption kinetics can be fitted with both Elovich equation and two-constant rate equation. The releasing amount is closely related to the composition of the sediments. Phosphorus release from silty and muddy sediment is higher than from that dominated by sandy composition. For the desorption reaction, iron-phosphorus(Fe-P) is the most active one, with a releasing ratio higher than other phosphorus forms,followed by absorbed-phosphorus (Ad-P) and organic bound phosphorus (OP). All of them can be referred to as bio-available phosphorus. The results demonstrate that phosphorus in sediments can be released into seawater under suitable hydrodynamic conditions, and have a great impact on the nutrition state and primary productivity of marine biosphere.     

长江、黄河沉积物物源研究综述

众多学者用不同方法对已知的长江和黄河沉积物进行了分析比较，以期获得区分两者的有效指标。由于两河物源区物质成分的差异和所处气候带不同造成的后期风化的不同，其沉积物在化学元素和矿物组成等方面存在较大的差别。但是运用这些差别来判识陆架海区物质来源的问题则复杂得多，目前仍处在不断探索之中。通过对这些资料的归纳总结，提出应尽量运用多个指标进行物源判识。     

东海混浊海域悬沙浓度的三维数值模拟及与观测的比较

借助ECOMSED模式进行了东海混浊水海域三维悬浮泥沙输运的数值模拟,其中水动力模拟中考虑了潮汐,海流（包括黑潮,长江径流等）及风场的作用,输运模型中考虑了粘性泥沙的絮凝、粘性和非粘性泥沙的再悬浮等过程。另外,在沉积输运模式中,增加了波浪的作用,使沉积输运模拟更完善,并与2006年8月份在长江口外海域获得的走航断面及定...