Сопоставление модели карлсона с моделью сплошной среды

, (1962, 1963) . , (1) (2) .     

ОJ 287: Поляризационное и фотометрическое поведение В 1971–1976 гг

J 287 1972–1976. , . . J ( ), () . (₀=80°) . J 287 ¶ . p=42.8%, ₀=101°. (50%).     

Возможный механизм радиоизлучения пульсаров

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Оь излучении звезд типа Т Тельца в далеком ельтрафиоле те

, oqn ANS (1500–3300 Å) , I , 3–15 . , <2000 Å nepexo , 1.5 MB . ₀ , . .     

Об устойчивости лагранжевых решений пространственной эллиптической задачи трех тел

. . ,e, , . . e, . , .

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Stability of the librational triangular points of the three-dimensional elliptic restricted three-body problem is studied. The problem is solved in the non-linear statement at the small values of eccentricity.For all values ofe, , besides ones which correspond to the resonances of the third and the fourth order the librational points are stable taking into account the terms up to the fourth order in the normal form of the Hamiltonian function of the perturbed motion.At sufficiently smalle and the non-stability in sense of Liapunov has been proved. The approximate equations of the boundary of the stability area in the planee, has been obtained. The cause of the non-stability is an equality of the rotational period of the principal attracting masses in the elliptic orbit and the period of oscillation of indefinitely small mass along the direction perpendicular to the plane of their motion.

     

Индуцированное комптоновское рассеяние изотропного излучения релятивистскими электронами

, kT _b mc ² . . , , . E ^–5, - E ², mc ²(kT /mc ²)^1/7. , (>2.10⁵ cm ^–3) . , -, , .     

Структура и эволюция Сверхмассивных вращающихся магнитных политроп

. - . . , . - . - , , , -. ., , .

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The structure of rotating magnetic polytropes is considered in Roche approximation. Investigation of the influence of poloidal as well as toroidal magnetic fields on the conditions of the beginning of matter outflow due to rotational instability is carried out. The influence of the turbulent convection and twisting of magnetic force-lines on the time of smoothing of differential rotation is considered. The estimate of the magneto-turbulence energy generated by differential rotation is presented. Both maximum possible energy output and duration of the quasi-statical evolution phase up to the appearance of hydrodynamic instability due to the effects of general relativity are calculated for supermassive magnetic polytropes of index three with uniform or differential rotation. The radius-mass relation is obtained for supermassive differentially-rotating magnetic polytropes referring to the longest part of the quasi-statistical evolution stage; some consequences are pointed out, including the period-luminosity relation.The evolution of the considered models of supermassive rotating magnetic polytropes with different character of rotation and different geometry of a magnetic field is discussed.The results obtained are summarized in the last section.

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English translation will appear in the next issue ofAstrophys. Space Sci.

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Receipt delayed by postal strike in Great Britain     

Космические лучи В крупномасштаБном сильнотурБу лентном магнитном поде

. .     

Systemes hamiltoniens au voisinage d'une solution d'equilibre. II:Stabilité des solutions périodiques

Resume On étudie la stabilité des solutions périodiques d'un couplage de systèmes linéaires au voisinage de résonances. Les valeurs propres distinctes _k de la matrice du système linéaire non perturbé sont telles que _k–_j=iq pour tout couple [k, j]; i=–1, q est un nombre entier, la fréquence de la solution. Une application est faite pour un système à trois degrés de liberté au voisinage de la résonance 221.

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Hamiltonian systems in the neighbourhood of an equilibrium solution. II:The stability of periodic solutions

The stability of the periodic solutions for an Hamiltonian system is investigated. Here the distinct eigen values _k of the matrix of the unperturbated linear system are such that _k–_j=iq for any [k, j]; i=–1, q is an integer, is the frequency of the periodic solution. An application is made for a system with three degrees of freedom, near the resonance 221.

     

Some fundamental elements of universe mechanics

An essential part in the mechanics under study is taking into consideration the effect of motions of the Universe objects upon that of an individual one surrounded by them including those infinitely far from it. Only macro-objects of the Universe are meant here.

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Zusammenfassung Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Mechanik unter unserer Betrachtung ist die Berechnung des Einflusses auf die Bewegung eines individuellen Objektes von Bewegungen der Universum Objekte die es umringen einschließlich jene Objekte, die unendlich entfernt sind. Nur Makroobjekte des Weltalles sind in der Absicht dabei.

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, . .

     

εлектроны космических лучей радиогало галактики

,      

О колебаниях хвоста магнитосферы в приБлижении квазигидро динамики

-- () ., , , , , . , , . , .     

Critical inclinations in planetary problems

The general conception of the critical inclinations and eccentricities for theN-planet problem is introduced. The connection of this conception with the existence and stability of particular solutions is established. In the restricted circular problem of three bodies the existence of the critical inclinations is proved for any values of the ratio of semiaxes . The asymptotic behaviour of the critical inclinations as 1 is investigated.

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. . . 1.

     

О природе всплесков γ-излучения

- . , - . -.     

Взаимооействие Излучения Рентгеновскооо Истооника с АтмосФерой Нормальной Звезды в Тесных Двойных Системах

, . : , . , . . ( ) . . . HZ Her=Her X1, . . , . , ., hv 15–30 . , . Sco X1 .     

Pitch angle scattering of solar particles: Comparison of ‘particle’ and ‘field’ approach

In the quasi-linear theory of pitch angle scattering the power spectrum of magnetic field fluctuations is related to the shape of the pitch angle diffusion coefficient D(), the absolute value of the mean free path , and the rigidity dependence of the mean free path (R). We discuss these relations in detail during the solar particle event of 11 April, 1978 which was observed on HELIOS-2 at a distance of 0.49 AU from the Sun. Magnetic field measurements obtained during the time of the event are used as a basis for the layer model in which the method of particle trajectories in an actually measured field is used to simulate pitch angle diffusion. The values of D() and based on the trajectory simulation for 100 MeV protons (field approach) are compared with results obtained from solar proton data (particle approach) and with predictions from quasi-linear theory based on the additional assumption of the slab model for magnetic field fluctuations (QLT approach). The time of the event is characterized by a high level of field fluctuations, the observed mean free path of about 0.03 AU for 100 MeV protons is smaller than the average value near 1 AU. Results from the field and particle approaches agree surprisingly well. The remaining difference in the mean free path of about a factor of 2 could be due to tangential discontinuities which are measured by the magnetometer, but not seen by the real particles traveling along the average field. The results from the field and QLT approaches based on the same set of magnetic field measurements differ by about a factor of 4. One of the reasons for this discrepancy is that the conditions for resonance scattering are only marginally valid. In addition, the wave vectors representing Alfvén-type fluctuations may not be totally field aligned. This deviation from the slab model would cause an increase of the theoretically predicted mean free path and lead to better agreement with the other two approaches.     

Имп␣льсное γ-излучение нейтронных, коллапсирующих qiх qi qsверхновых qzвезд

qp qz : (1) -, qi , (2) - (R=0.01–0.1R ) (3) - . qs. (1) - 0.1 10^–4 cm ^–2, . - . (2) 10⁸ . . 10^42–43 , (25 ). 10% - (0.1 ). , , , , , . . (3) , , - . . (2×10⁴¹ ) (10²¹ ). - 10³⁸–10³⁹ , 0.25 . , , qq . - , , .

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The following three mechanisms of generation of gamma-ray bursts at advanced phases of stellar evolution are considered; (1) gamma-ray bursts as a result of absorption of neutrino propagating through the envelope of a collapsing star, (2) gamma-ray burst due to thermal radiation of external layers of a compact star (R=0.01–0.1R ) heated by powerful shock wave, and (3) gamma-ray burst as a consequence of possible ejection of matter from neutron star at some active phases of its evolution. In the case (1) the gamma-ray flux at the top of the Earth's atmosphere is about 10^–4 (0.1 MeV photons) cm^–2, if a collapsing star is at Galactic distance (10 kpc). It is considerably less than observed one. The observations of such gamma-bursts however would be an important supplement to the direct detection of neutrino radiation from collapsing stars. In the case (2) external layers of a star are heated up to 10⁸ K. As a result we have a short pulse of thermal radiation with total energy of the order of 10^42–43 erg. The main fraction of the radiation is in the X-ray ( 25 keV), about 10% of total energy being radiated in gamma-ray ( 0.1 MeV). The energy of such a burst is sufficient for explaining observed gamma-bursts provided the supernova outburst probably takes place in our Galaxy and as a result we have some trouble with explanation of observed frequency and spectra of gammabursts. In the case (3) ejection from neutron star of chemically nonequilibrium matter results in the intensive gamma-radiation in consequence of superheavy nuclei fission followed by beta-decays and radiative captures of free neutrons. The ejection of matter from neutron stars may be connected with observed jumps of pulsar's periods. The total ejected mass ( 10²¹ g) can be evaluated from increase of kinetic energy ( 2×10⁴¹ erg.) of Crab nebula filaments. The resulting theoretical energy of gammabursts is of the order of 10^38–39 erg. It is in accordance with observations provided the mean distance of gamma-ray sources is about 0.25 kpc. Contrary to the supernova-outburst mechanism in this case we have probably no troubles with frequency and spectra of gamma-bursts. Among the three mechanisms considered above ejection of matter from neutron stars seems to be a more suitable one for explanation of observations.

     

Радиоизлучение Быстрых космических ионов

, . () . , , , . ( ), , , . . (2.7). ( ₁ k ₁ ,V — , — .) (k ₁) (k) §2 ( (2.14)). , (3.6) (3.4), (3.8) . (3.9)–(3.13) ( (3.9), (3.10) (3.11) , (3.12)–(3.13) ). (3.14), (3.16)–(3.19). - . (3.15). ( (4.14)–(4.15)). (4.23)–(4.25). (4.26)–(4.28). §5. , . ((5.5)–(5.6)). , . (5.10) .     

Некоторые асимптотические решения в ограниченной задаче трех тел

, . . . .

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Some asymptotic solutions in the restricted problem of three bodies by L. G. Lukjanov.

Some particular solutions of the plane restricted problem of three bodies in the form of Liapunov's series are obtained. These solutions asymptotically approach the Lagrange solutions. Convergence is proved.

     

Спектр и поляризация источника синхротронного излучения при релятивистском разлете его компонент

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