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1.
马尼拉俯冲带是整个南海地震活动多发区,地震成因与南海的形成和构造演化关系密切.对马尼拉俯冲带地震数据和层析成像结果进行了深入分析.结果表明:马尼拉俯冲带的地震活动主要为密集的浅源地震,缺失中深源地震.进一步分析揭示:①脱水和榴辉岩的形成在南海洋壳到达软流圈前就基本停止.马尼拉俯冲带南部在较浅的深度就转变为塑性变形,并停... 相似文献
2.
菲律宾群岛受到欧亚板块、菲律宾海板块和印度-澳大利亚板块的碰撞作用,地质环境复杂,构造因素多样.尽管近几年来已经有了少数关于该区域层析成像的研究,但这些研究的区域主要集中在马尼拉海沟、吕宋岛及中菲律宾地区,而关于群岛周围其他海沟和南菲律宾地区的讨论相对较少.到目前为止,还没有同时获得过关于菲律宾群岛深部纵、横波速度结构的研究,本次研究通过反演155779条P波震相和59642条S波震相,同时获得了菲律宾群岛从地表至150 km深度的纵、横波速度结构.地震层析成像结果表明该地区的壳幔速度结构具有较强的不均一性,地壳内部存在着广泛的低速异常,而表征俯冲板块的高速异常则沿着群岛周边的海沟展布.南海块体在马尼拉海沟中段的俯冲角度和俯冲活动性比南段小;菲律宾海板块在东吕宋海槽南段微弱的俯冲作用很有可能同本哈姆海台的碰撞有关.菲律宾群岛大部分MW>6.0的强震沿着各个板块的边界发生,体现出菲律宾海板块同欧亚板块之间的强耦合作用,群岛西侧的南海块体在马尼拉海沟16°N-20°N之间呈现出的弱耦合状态可能跟北吕宋地区的拉张应力环境有关,南海块体在16°N以南的地区同上覆块体之间的耦合作用较强;群岛东侧的菲律宾海板块在14°N以北的地区没有强震发生,它与菲律宾群岛之间的耦合程度从北向南逐渐增强,在12°N以南的地区要强于12°N以北的地区;此外苏禄海盆和菲律宾构造带之间也存在着强耦合关系. 相似文献
3.
利用ISC地震资料研究了台湾南部~菲律宾群岛的地震空间分布和m_b≥5.0的机制解,讨论了俯冲带的形态和地壳及俯冲带上的应力状态,并结合地质和地球物理的研究结果,认为南海次板块的东部边界是由台湾西南俯冲带、马尼拉俯冲带、内格罗斯俯冲带、哥达巴都俯冲带组成,菲律宾海板块的西部边界由东吕宋海槽俯冲带、菲律宾海俯冲带组成。菲律宾群岛是一个形变过渡带,由于该过渡带的存在,南海次板块俯冲于菲律宾群岛之下,菲律宾海板块对南部的影响很弱 相似文献
4.
The distribution of earthquakes from 1973 to 1982 in the South China Sea, Indochina and their vicinity was studied using the
data from I. S. C. It was found that the earthquakes are mainly concentrated along the boundaries of plates. Beside, some
of shallow eartqhuakes are distributed in west part of Burma and the boundary between Burma and China, a few of earthquakes
occurred in South China Sea. The features of Benioff zone along the boundaries between India plate, Philippine Sea plate and
Eurasia plate were studied. The plate do not coupled well under the Java trench and the Philippine trench. The subducted India
plate under Burmese range, Andaman—Nicobar arc moves NNE. The fault plane solutions of earthquakes were studied using the
first motions of P wave. The stress state on subduction zones and within the area were deduced from the fault plane solutions
and the fault movement. It was found that the direction of principal compression axis of stress is in the NNE in west part
of Burma, in S—N in south and middle part of Bruma and Thailand, and in NNE or S—N in the South China Sea. It was also found
that the stress state has close relation with the interaction of plates.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition of Acta Seismologica Sinica, 13, 129–137, 1991. 相似文献
5.
研究了南海、中印半岛及邻区的地震分布,地震主要集中在板块的边界。此外,一些浅震主要集中在缅甸西部和中缅边界。研究了Benioff带的形态。在爪哇海沟、菲律宾海沟,两板块耦合得不好;在缅甸山弧、安达曼-尼科巴岛弧下,俯冲的印度板块向NNE运动。由震源机制解及断层运动推断,主压应力方向在缅泰西部为NNE,在南海为NNW或S-N,与板块相互作用密切相关。 相似文献
6.
汕头-吕宋岛岩石圈速度结构剖面,划分出华南陆缘古生代陆壳、陆架区晚古生代-中生代陆壳、陆坡带中生代-早第三纪过渡壳、新生代南海海盆洋壳及吕宋岛中生代-新生代岛弧陆壳与东吕宋海槽洋壳等地壳构造组分,并确定了上述地壳构造之间的边界断裂构造及其性质。结合地震震源分布及机制,初步确定了华南陆架盆岭构造带北、南两侧地震构造的控震构造与发震构造性质及其震源力学特征;1)指出1994年9月16日台湾浅滩7.3级地震属于板缘壳幔地震及造成一千公里有感范围的原因;2)马尼拉海沟的海底地堑构造与南海海盆岩石圈地幔上隆是马尼拉海沟俯冲带震源显示正断层性质的原因,且为被动的或转换俯冲带;3)东吕宋海槽仍属于菲律宾海俯冲带性质;吕宋岛东西两侧俯冲带岩石圈板片震源深度的准三层分布,可能表明俯冲带岩石圈板片存在相应的低速滑移层。 相似文献
7.
南海北部区域现今地应力场的状态和分布特征是进行海洋资源开发、地质环境和工程安全评价的主要参考依据,也是地球动力学研究的主要内容之一. 由于受到测量技术水平和自然条件等因素的影响,整个南海海域的地应力研究程度还比较低,有待于对该区域的地应力场的状态和控制因素进行较深入和细致的研究. 原地地应力测量是直接获取地壳浅表层现今主应力大小和方向特征的有效途径,同时利用海上油气田测井FMI资料能够有效地提取地应力信息. 结合区域构造环境,在实测地应力约束条件下,数值模拟方法能够有效地推测区域地应力的状态和分布特征. 在海南省乐东县开展了水压致裂原地地应力测量,测量获得的最大主应力方向区间为NW-NWW向. 根据Byerlee准则判别,钻孔附近的地应力远远小于引起断层活动地应力值的下限,钻孔邻近区域的断层活动性较弱. 对南海北部边缘海盆地有限的FMI测井资料进行地应力解译,获得莺歌海的最大主应力优势方位为NW-NNW向,琼东南的最大主应力优势方位为NWW向. 在对南海海域北部区域的板块构造环境和地球动力学背景分析的基础上,以上述地应力观测数据以及震源机制解资料为约束,对该区域现今地应力场进行了数值模拟分析,模拟结果表明,由于受印度板块、菲律宾板块和欧亚板块不同程度的影响,南海北部区域的地应力分布特征呈现了不同区域分化的趋势. 在靠近台湾岛区域,主要受到菲律宾板块与欧亚板块发生碰撞的影响,最大主应力方向为近E-W向;沿着滨海海岸带向西,由于受到欧亚板块在马尼拉海沟向下俯冲形成的拉伸作用,最大主应力的方向逐渐转换为S-N向、NW向. 相似文献
8.
Based on the analysis of coseismic deformation in the macroscopic epicentral region extracted by Differential Interferometric
Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR), and combined with the seismic activity, focal mechanism solutions of the earthquake and
field investigation, the characteristic of coseismic deformation of M
S=8.1 western Kunlunshan Pass earthquake in 2001 was researched. The study shows that its epicenter lies in the northeast side
of Hoh Sai Hu; and the seismogenic fault in the macroscopic epicentral region can be divided into two central deformation
fields: the west and east segments with the lengths of 42 km and 48 km, respectively. The whole fault extends about 90 km.
From the distribution of interferometry fringes, the characteristic of sinistral strike slip of seismogenic fault can be identified
clearly. The deformations on both sides of the fault are different with an obviously higher value on the south side. In the
vicinity of macroscopic epicenter, the maximum displacement in look direction is about 288.4 cm and the minimum is 224.0 cm;
the maximum sinistral horizontal dislocation of seismogenic fault near the macroscopic epicenter is 738.1 cm and the minimum
is 551.8 cm.
Foundation item: National Natural Science Foundation of China (40374013) and “Researching on the Disaster Earthquake” (2003) of Public Welfare
Research Item, Ministry of Science and Technology of China. 相似文献
9.
— The Indo-Burma (Myanmar) subduction boundary is highly oblique to the direction of relative velocity of the Indian tectonic plate with respect to the Eurasian plate. The area includes features of active subduction zones such as a Wadati-Benioff zone of earthquakes, a magmatic arc, thrust and fold belts. It also has features of oblique subduction such as: an arc-parallel strike-slip fault (Sagaing Fault) that takes up a large fraction of the northward component of motion and a buttress (the Mishmi block) that resists the motion of the fore-arc sliver. In this paper, I have examined the seismicity, slip vectors and principal axes of the focal mechanisms of the earthquakes to look for features of active subduction zones and for evidence of slip partitioning as observed in other subduction zones. The data set consists of Harvard CMT solutions of 89 earthquakes (1977–1999 with 4.8≦̸ Mw≦̸7.2 and depths between 3–140 km). Most of these events are shallow and intermediate depth events occurring within the Indian plate subducting eastward beneath the Indo-Burman ranges. Some shallow events within the fore-arc region have arc-parallel Paxes, reflecting buttressing of the fore-arc sliver at its leading edge. Some of the shallowest events have nearly E-W oriented P axes which might account for recent folding and thrusting. Examination of earthquake slip vectors in this region shows that the slip vector azimuths of earthquakes in the region between 20°–26°N are rotated towards the trench normal, which is an indication of partial partitioning of the oblique convergence. It is seen that all aspects of seismicity, including the paucity of shallow underthrusting earthquakes and the orientation of P axes, are consistent with oblique convergence. The conclusions of this paper are consistent with recent geological studies and interpretations such as the coexistence of eastward subduction, volcanic activity and transcurrent movement through mid-Miocene to Quaternary period. 相似文献
10.
本文选取辽宁海城、 盖州地区(40°~41°N, 122°~123°E)作为研究区, 利用广义极性振幅技术(GPAT)方法, 反演得到研究区2012—2017年6月共184个地震震源机制解, 并利用 Misfit角度分析震源机制一致性参数特征。 研究结果表明: ① 研究区地震震源机制解以走滑型和正断型为主。 海城地区地震震源机制解以NW—SE向节面的左旋走滑型和NWW向节面的正断型为主。 发震构造以NW向海城河断裂为主, NE向节面为主的地震可能受到NE向金州断裂带的控制。 ② 青石岭地区的发震构造为与九寨—盖县北段共轭的NW向未知断裂, 西海域的地震活动可能是NE向的雁式断裂和NW向共轭的未知断裂共同作用的结果。 ③ 震源机制一致性结果显示, 一致性增强后发生了震级相对较大的地震。 研究区的震源机制一致性较强, 表明该区域的应力较为集中。 但由于2016年以来活动趋于平静, 尚难以根据震源机制解一致性程度做出当前应力状态的判断。 相似文献
11.
The Anninghe fault is one of the significant earthquake-generating fault zones in the Southwest China. Local his-torical record shows that a M≥7 strong earthquake occurred in the year of 1536. On the basis of the detailed air-photographic interpretation and field investigation, we have acquired the following knowledge: 1 The average sinistral strike-slip rate since the Late Pleistocene is about 3~7 mm/a; 2 There is important reverse faulting along the fault zone besides the main left-lateral strike-slip motion, and the shortening rate across the Anninghe fault zone due to the reverse faulting is about 1.7~4.0 mm/a. If the Xianshuihe fault zone is simply partitioned into the Anninghe and Daliangshan faults, we can also get a slip rate of 3~7 mm/a along the Daliangshan fault zone, which is the same as that on the Anninghe fault zone. Moreover, on the basis of our field investigation and the latest knowledge concerning the active tectonics of Tibetan crust, we create a dynamic model for the Anninghe fault zone. 相似文献
12.
马尼拉俯冲带是南海的东部边界,记录了南海形成演化的关键信息,同时也是地震和海啸多发区域.本文利用过马尼拉俯冲带北段的高分辨率多道地震剖面,分析了研究区内海盆和海沟的沉积特征,精细刻画了区内增生楔前缘的构造变形、结构以及岩浆活动特征.研究区内增生楔下陆坡部分由盲冲断层、构造楔和叠瓦逆冲断层构成,逆冲断层归并于一条位于下中新统的滑脱面上,滑脱面向海方向的展布明显受到增生楔之下埋藏海山和基底隆起的影响;上陆坡的反射特征则因变形强烈和岩浆作用而难以识别;岩浆活动开始于晚中新世末期并持续至第四纪.马尼拉俯冲带北段增生楔的形成时间早于16.5 Ma,并通过前展式逆冲向南海方向扩展;马尼拉俯冲带的初始形成时间可能在晚渐新世,而此时南海海盆扩张仍在持续.南海东北缘19°N-21°N区域为南海北部陆坡向海盆的延伸,高度减薄的陆壳的俯冲造成马尼拉海沟北段几何形态明显地向东凹进. 相似文献
13.
琉球海沟是欧亚板块与菲律宾海板块之间的边界,海沟西坡是大陆性质的琉球岛弧,东坡是大洋性质的菲律宾海地壳.海底地震反射探测和地震震源定位表明,菲律宾海板块沿海沟向琉球岛弧下俯冲,俯冲角度与深度沿海沟走向变化.有证据显示,由于俯冲板前缘的横向移动,海沟和岛弧正朝大洋方向后退,弧后盆地-冲绳海槽发生拉张变形.最近一次的海沟后退与冲绳海槽扩张可能是从上新世末(2Ma前)开始的,岛弧的后退移动和弧后拉张在南部与海沟走向垂直,在中部和北部与海沟走向斜交,总体上向南的运动分量占优势、与海沟后退相关的弧后拉张集中在冲绳海槽,没有证据表明对其西侧的中国东海陆架盆地产生影响、海沟后退的原因可能与俯冲板的动力不平衡以及它与周围地幔的相互作用有关. 相似文献
14.
本文基于南迦巴瓦构造结周边16个宽频带地震台的观测波形数据,对地震事件进行相关分析,使用MSDP软件进行多台定位,编制了研究区内的地震目录,并利用CAP方法获得了研究区内主要断裂带两侧10km范围内M 3.0以上地震的震源机制解,用于分析主要断裂带的现今运动特征。研究结果表明:研究区内的地震活动受主要断裂带的控制;墨脱断裂带现今运动主要为左旋逆冲运动;米林断裂带以左旋正断运动为主;嘉黎断裂带以右旋逆冲为主,兼有左旋和正断运动;阿帕龙断裂带以右旋逆冲运动为主;边坝-达木新生断裂带运动以右旋逆冲运动为主,兼有正断和左旋运动;各主要断裂带的现今运动特征与地质和GPS观测结果相同,表明南迦巴瓦构造结周边地区主要断裂带的现今运动主要受阿萨姆构造结俯冲作用的控制。 相似文献
15.
We use the recorded seismicity, confined to the Dead Sea basin and its boundaries, by the Dead Sea Integrated Research (DESIRE) portable seismic network and the Israel and Jordan permanent seismic networks for studying the mechanisms of earthquakes in the Dead Sea basin. The observed seismicity in the Dead Sea basin is divided into nine regions according to the spatial distribution of the earthquakes and the known tectonic features. The large number of recording stations and the adequate station distribution allowed the reliable determinations of 494 earthquake focal mechanisms. For each region, based on the inversion of the observed polarities of the earthquakes, we determine the focal mechanisms and the associated stress tensor. For 159 earthquakes, out of the 494 focal mechanisms, we could determine compatible fault planes. On the eastern side, the focal mechanisms are mainly strike-slip mechanism with nodal planes in the N-S and E-W directions. The azimuths of the stress axes are well constrained presenting minimal variability in the inversion of the data, which is in agreement with the Eastern Boundary fault on the east side of the Dead Sea basin and what we had expected from the regional geodynamics. However, larger variabilities of the azimuthal and dip angles are observed on the western side of the basin. Due to the wider range of azimuths of the fault planes, we observe the switching of σ 1 and σ 2 or the switching of σ 2 and σ 3 as major horizontal stress directions. This observed switching of stress axes allows having dip-slip and normal mechanisms in a region that is dominated by strike-slip motion. 相似文献
16.
Summary Data from focal mechanism solutions obtained by different authors and those of 8 fault-plane solutions found in this study have been used to search for the distribution of the main stress axes in Iran. For this purpose, the area has been divided into three regions as southern, central and northern Iran. The results indicate that the characteristics of the motion at the foci are different in each of the three regions. — By examining the B axes in south Iranian earthquakes, direction of tectonic motion has been obtained as N 66°E. Since the maximum and intermediate stress axes are nearly horizontal, it is concluded that focal movements in this region are of reverse fault type. Thus, there is a similarity between recent crustal movements and those occurring during Alpine orogeny which is in the form of an overthrusting to the southwest. — In central Iran earthquakes however, tension is predominant, and, therefore, in this region faultings are dip-slip normal or strike-slip, and the horizontal components of displacements are dextral. The mean direction of maximum tension axes is nearly perpendicular to the central Iranian complexes. — It is deduced from north Iranian shocks that, in this region, the earthquakes studied are of nearly almost pressural type, and horizontal components of the oblique displacements in foci are sinistral. 相似文献
17.
Abstract The Philippines preserves evidence of the superimposition of tectonic processes in ancient and present‐day collision and subduction zone complexes. The Baguio District in northern Luzon, the Palawan–Central Philippine region and the Mati–Pujada area in southeastern Mindanao resulted from events related to subduction polarity reversal leading to trench initiation, continent‐arc collision and autochthonous oceanic lithosphere emplacement, respectively. Geological data on the Baguio District in Northern Luzon reveal an Early Miocene trench initiation for the east‐dipping Manila Trench. This followed the Late Oligocene cessation of subduction along the west‐dipping proto‐East Luzon Trough. The Manila Trench initiation, which is modeled as a consequence of the counter‐clockwise rotation of Luzon, is attributed to the collision of the Palawan microcontinental block with the Philippine Mobile Belt. In the course of rotation, Luzon onramped the South China Sea crust, effectively converting the shear zone that bounded them into a subduction zone. Several collision‐related accretionary complexes (e.g. Romblon, Mindoro) are present in the Palawan–Central Philippine region. The easternmost collision zone boundary is located east of the Romblon group of islands. The Early Miocene southwestward shift of the collision boundary from Romblon to Mindoro started to end by the Pliocene. Continuous interaction between the Palawan microcontinental block and the Philippine Mobile Belt is presently taken up again along the collisional boundary east of the Romblon group of islands. The Mati–Pujada Peninsula area, on the other hand, is underlain by the Upper Cretaceous Pujada Ophiolite. This supra‐subduction zone ophiolite is capped by chert and pelagic limestones which suggests its derivation from a relatively deep marginal basin. The Pujada Ophiolite could be a part of a proto‐Molucca Sea plate. The re‐interpretation of the geology and tectonic settings of the three areas reaffirm the complex geodynamic evolution of the Philippine archipelago and addresses some of its perceived geological enigmas. 相似文献
18.
While most aspects of subduction have been extensively studied, the process of subduction initiation lacks an observational foundation. The Macquarie Ridge complex (MRC) forms the Pacific-Australia plate boundary between New Zealand to the north and the Pacific-Australia-Antarctica triple junction to the south. The MRC consists of alternating troughs and rises and is characterized by a transitional tectonic environment in which subduction initiation presently occurs. There is a high seismicity level with 15 large earthquakes ( M>7) in this century. Our seismological investigation is centered on the largest event since 1943: the 25 MAY 1981 earthquake. Love, Rayleigh, and P waves are inverted to find: a faulting geometry of right-lateral strike-slip along the local trend of the Macquarie Ridge (N30°E); a seismic moment of 5×10 27 dyn cm ( M
w=7.7) a double event rupture process with a fault length of less than 100km to the southwest of the epicenter and a fault depth of less than 20km. Three smaller thrust earthquakes occurred previous to the 1981 event along the 1981 rupture zone; their shallow-dipping thrust planes are virtually adjacent to the 1981 vertical fault plane. Oblique convergence in this region is thus accommodated by a dual rupture mode of several small thrust events and a large strike-slip event. Our study of other large MRC earthquakes, plus those of other investigators, produces focal mechanisms for 15 earthquakes distributed along the entire MRC; thrust and right-lateral strike-slip events are scattered throughout the MRC. Thus, all of the MRC is characterized by oblique convergence and the dual rupture mode. The true best-fit rotation pole for the Pacific-Australia motion is close to the Minster & Jordan RM2 pole for the Pacific-India motion. Southward migration of the rotation pole has caused the recent transition to oblique convergence in the northern MRC. We propose a subduction initiation process that is akin to crack propagation; the 1981 earthquake rupture area is identified as the crack-tip region that separates a disconnected mosaic of small thrust faults to the south from a horizontally continuous thrust interface to the north along the Puysegur trench. A different mechanism of subduction initiation occurs in the southernmost Hjort trench region at the triple junction. newly created oceanic lithosphere has been subducted just to the north of the triple junction. The entire MRC is a soft plate boundary that must accommodate the plate motion mismatch between two major spreading centers (Antarctica-Australia and Pacific-Antarctica). The persistence of spreading motion at the two major spreading centers and the consequent evolution of the three-plate system cause the present-day oblique convergence and subduction initiation in the Macquarie Ridge complex. 相似文献
19.
Lijiang-Daju fault, the seismogenic fault of the 1996 Lijiang M=7.0 earthquake, can be divided into Lijiang-Yuhu segment in the south and Yuhu-Daju segment in the north. The two segments show clear difference in geological tectonics, but have the similar dynamic features. Both normal dip-slip and sinistral strike-slip coexist on the fault plane. This kind of movement started at the beginning of the Quaternary (2.4~2.5 Ma B.P.). As to the tectonic types, the detachment fault with low angle was developed in the Early Pleistocene and the normal fault with high angle only after the Mid-Pleistocene (0.8 Ma B.P.). Based on the horizontal displacements of gullies and the vertical variance of planation surfaces cross the Lijiang-Daju fault at east piedmont of Yulong-Haba range, the average horizontal and vertical slip rates are calculated. They are 0.84 mm/a and 0.70 mm/a since the Quaternary and 1.56 mm/a and 1.69 mm/a since the Mid-Pleistocene. The movements of the nearly N-S-trending Lijiang-Daju fault are controlled not only by the regional stress field, but also by the variant movement between the Yulong-Haba range and Lijiang basin. The two kinds of dynamic processes form the characteristics of seismotectonic environment of occurring the 1996 Lijiang earthquake. 相似文献
20.
2015年3月30日至5月15日,巴布亚新几内亚-新不列颠地区发生了一系列地震.为研究该地区的构造应力环境及孕震背景,本文基于Global CMT目录,对新不列颠区域浅部进行构造应力场反演,拟得到高精度的应力图像.反演结果显示:(1)沿着南、北俾斯麦块体边界的区域构造应力场呈走滑体系,最大主压应力轴方位呈SWW-NEE向.(2)所罗门海的NW和NE走向的海沟处于压缩状态,所罗门海块体向新不列颠和所罗门群岛俯冲的板块弯曲部分是局部拉张.(3)受俯冲带的北向推挤,南俾斯麦板块顺时针旋转的挤压,太平洋板块向西部运动汇聚作用,新不列颠岛东北部与新爱尔兰岛南部交汇区域呈现明显非均匀应力状态.(4)此次地震序列的大多数走滑型和逆冲型地震,可能是所罗门海块体俯冲运动,和南俾斯麦块体与太平洋板块的近EW向挤压作用共同引发. 相似文献
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