庭院小经济推进节约集约用地

一边是蒜苗、菠菜、生菜等各种时令蔬菜,一边的猪圈内有五头将要出栏的肥猪.猪圈旁边是沼气池,沼气池为水泥结构,圆锥形,上边留一个直径有半米的圆孔以便向内填充植物垃圾和秸秆,其余的地方用土填好以后还可以种上菜,墙根没有硬化的地方,还零落地留着苦瓜、南瓜的枯藤.这是日前笔者在修武县城关镇河北辛庄村民范庆河家中看到的景象.     

一件值得称颂的大喜事——热烈祝贺全省53个县(市)告别"秦砖汉瓦"时代

这是一个令人振奋的喜讯. 据河南省国土资源厅于2007年9月5日召开的新闻发布会透露,截至8月底,全省已有4个省辖市、53个县(市、区),在经历了一年多的艰苦、细致工作后,终于关闭了辖区内的所有砖瓦窑厂,与"秦砖汉瓦"彻底告别.让我们记住吧,记住这4个省辖市的名字.它们分别是:漯河市、安阳市、鹤壁市、焦作市.让我们记住吧,记住这53个县(市、区)的名字.它们中有:舞阳县、临颍县、召陵区、文峰区、淇滨区、修武县、孟州市、伊川县等.     

香气四溢的香榭丽舍大街

法国有许多在世界上驰名的标志性建筑或胜地,仅巴黎就有卢浮宫、凡尔赛宫、凯旋门、埃菲尔铁塔、巴黎圣母院等.笔者这里要说的是那条尽人皆知的香榭丽舍大街. 一些历史性的建筑往往标志着一个城市或地区的文化含量.而一条大街则常常标志着这一个城市或地区经济上的繁荣.如美国纽约的华尔街金融大街;日本的银座和日本桥商业街;我国北京的王府井商业大街,都成为这个城市甚至国家的代表.香榭丽舍大街则是巴黎乃至法国的代表.     

Three Types of Spatial Function Zoning in Key Ecological Function Areas Based on Ecological and Economic Coordinated Development: A Case Study of Tacheng Basin,China

Three types of spatial function zoning is an effective measure for regional environmental protection and orderly development.For ecological and economic coordinated development, spatial function zones should be divided scientifically to clear its direction of development and protection. Therefore, based on ecological constraints, a beneficial discussion would be about the key ecological function areas adopting the concept of ecological protection restriction and supporting socioeconomic development for spatial function zoning. In this paper, the researchers, taking Tacheng Basin, Xinjiang of China as an example, choose township as basic research unit and set up an evaluation index system from three aspects, namely, ecological protection suitability, agricultural production suitability, and urban development suitability, which are analyzed by using spatial analysis functions and exclusive matrix method. The results showed that: 1) This paper formed a set of multilevel evaluation index systems for three types of spatial function zoning of the key ecological function areas based on a novel perspective by scientifically dividing Tacheng Basin into ecological space, agricultural space, and urban space,which realized the integration and scientific orientation for spatial function at the township scale. 2) Under the guidance of three types of spatial pattern, the functional orientation and suggestions of development and protection was clearly defined for ecological protection zones,ecological economic zones, agricultural production zones, and urban development zones. 3) A new idea of space governance is provided to promote the coordinated and sustainable development between ecology and economy, which can break the traditional mode of thinking about regional economic development, and offers a scientific basis and reference for macro decision-making.     

鬼斧神工仙子园——临海桃渚揽胜

浙东大地,河山锦绣,景奇色美.其中许多景区藏而不露,少为世人所知,东海之滨的桃渚便是一例. 桃渚景区是8000万年前火山喷发而形成的独特的火山遗迹地貌,即喀斯特地貌.山上古洞幽壑遍布,奇岩秀石突兀,断崖索桥点缀,处处皆是大自然的神来之笔,令人叹为观止.与天台、雁荡等名山大川相比,亦毫不逊色.怪不得当年文天祥逃出元军的囚禁,落荒从海道经桃渚时,被桃渚雄奇瑰丽的风景所感动,情不自禁赋诗赞美:"海上仙子国,邂逅寄孤蓬.万象图画里,千崖玉界中."     

Hydrological Simulation Using TRMM and CHIRPS Precipitation Estimates in the Lower Lancang-Mekong River Basin

Satellite-based products with high spatial and temporal resolution provide useful precipitation information for data-sparse or ungauged large-scale watersheds. In the Lower Lancang-Mekong River Basin, rainfall stations are sparse and unevenly distributed, and the transboundary characteristic makes the collection of precipitation data more difficult, which has restricted hydrological processes simulation. In this study, daily precipitation data from four datasets(gauge observations, inverse distance weighted(IDW) data, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) estimates, and Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations(CHIRPS) estimates), were applied to drive the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) model, and then their capability for hydrological simulation in the Lower Lancang-Mekong River Basin were examined. TRMM and CHIRPS data showed good performances on precipitation estimation in the Lower Lancang-Mekong River Basin, with the better performance for TRMM product. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE) values of gauge, IDW, TRMM, and CHIRPS simulations during the calibration period were 0.87, 0.86, 0.95, and 0.93 for monthly flow, respectively, and those for daily flow were 0.75, 0.77, 0.86, and 0.84, respectively. TRMM and CHIRPS data were superior to rain gauge and IDW data for driving the hydrological model, and TRMM data produced the best simulation performance. Satellite-based precipitation estimates could be suitable data sources when simulating hydrological processes for large data-poor or ungauged watersheds, especially in international river basins for which precipitation observations are difficult to collect. CHIRPS data provide long precipitation time series from 1981 to near present and thus could be used as an alternative precipitation input for hydrological simulation, especially for the period without TRMM data. For satellite-based precipitation products, the differences in the occurrence frequencies and amounts of precipitation with different intensities would affect simulation results of water balance components, which should be comprehensively considered in water resources estimation and planning.     

走向新的历程——就《河南国土资源》更名为《资源导刊》致读者

亲爱的读者朋友,正所谓"春风送佳音,百花迎宾来".当您在办公室里、在田间地头、在行进的火车上捧起本期杂志时,您可能会有一个惊奇的发现:几年来,您一直热情关注和钟爱的《河南国土资源》杂志,经国家新闻出版署批准,已正式更名为《资源导刊》了.我国期刊园林又盛开了一朵鲜艳的花朵.     

Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Bering Strait Throughflow from AO-FVCOM and Observation

A high-resolution Arctic Ocean-Finite Volume Community Ocean Model(AO-FVCOM) and observational current data from 14 mooring stations in Bering Strait and surrounding regions between 1990 and 2015 were used to study the seasonal and interannual variability of Bering Strait throughflow(BST). AO-FVCOM represented the BST with a climatological northward flux of 1.06 Sv, which was close to the observational mean of 0.94 ± 0.26 Sv. From the model results, the strongest volume flux was in summer, approximately 45% larger than that in winter. Interannual variability of BST was also indicated in the model results, and the maximum and minimum annual mean transports are in 2007 and 2012, respectively. AO-FVCOM showed larger differences from the observations in 2000, 2002, and 2015 than in other years, which may be related to the limitation of atmospheric forcing for the model. According to the driving mechanisms of BST, sea level difference(SLD) across the strait dominates the northward volume transport, and local wind is also important in forcing the seasonal variability of the BST and SLD patterns to change the BST indirectly.     

基于Vxworks的WebServer的研究与实现

嵌入式技术以及信息技术的发展使得越来越多的设备接入网络成为可能,这两项技术的融和具有广泛的应用前景.首先分析了嵌入式系统网络化的需求,结合对嵌入式操作系统Vxworks和对ARM芯片的研究,分析了相关网络协议,最后提出构建嵌入式WebServer的软硬件解决方案.     

基于长度标准装置提高激光跟踪仪测量精度的方法

为了提高激光跟踪仪的测量精度,针对激光跟踪仪测量重复性高的特点,提出基于长度标准装置对激光跟踪仪观测值进行标定的方法。通过建立激光跟踪仪和激光干涉仪标定观测的函数模型和随机模型,依据最小二乘原理得到标定点观测值的改正数和标定点观测值平差值的精度,进而对目标点的观测值进行插值改正,获得激光跟踪仪对目标点观测值的改正数,最终实现对激光跟踪仪的观测值进行误差补偿。采用长度标准装置对Leica AT401激光跟踪仪进行水平方向标定及标定后的精度测试,激光跟踪仪经过水平方向误差补偿后,将其测量点相互之间距离与激光干涉仪测量的距离进行对比,距离差值的RMS从19.5μm降低为10.2μm,验证了该方法的可行性。     

威特DI2002测距仪性能及其与ME－3000反射镜匹配研究

本文通过对威特ＤＩ２００２测距仪性能的测试。发现影响测距精度的主要因素是ＧＲＴ１０－ＧＰＨ１Ａ的反射镜系统。威特ＤＩ２００２测距仪匹配ＭＥ－３０００反射镜后，需加两项改正，但观测精度显著提高，实测表明达到与ＭＥ－３０００测距仪相同的精度。     

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激光跟踪仪测量精度分析

以API公司的T3激光跟踪仪为例,进行简要的理论分析。通过校准前后对比实验、固定点重复测量、距离重复测量实验、激光跟踪仪和干涉仪对比实验、现场点位中误差测量实验及激光跟踪仪与常规测量对比实验,对激光跟踪仪的测量精度进行测量和验证。激光跟踪仪在校准后,短距离测量时测距精度对空间点位精度起主导作用,测角精度比较稳定;随着距离的增大,测距、空间点位误差增大。较之常规测量,短距离测量具有很高的测量精度。     

基于CORS的DInSAR大气延迟校正方法研究

针对利用GPS数据改正DInSAR大气延迟误差中存在CORS站点稀疏的问题,给出一种广义曲面拟合插值模型,并基于北京地区的GPS观测数据和SAR影像对比较了反距离加权插值模型（IDW）和曲面拟合插值模型（CSF）用于区域对流层延迟建模的精度,然后对SAR差分干涉图进行大气延迟校正。结果表明,曲面拟合模型比反距离加权模型更能反映区域单差对流层延迟特性,两次实验的插值精度分别达到了7.1和3.5 mm。采用CORS观测数据和曲面拟合内插模型,可有效削弱DInSAR中的大气延迟误差,提高DInSAR测量结果的精度。     

激光跟踪仪分段积分测距改正模型研究与分析

针对装配现场难以实现恒温测量的情况,以对测距影响较大的温度因子为研究对象,提出激光跟踪仪分段积分测距改正方法,建立分段积分测距改正模型。基于Radian激光跟踪仪进行单测线温度测距改正实验,结果表明,该方法能够有效地减弱温度梯度的影响,为装配现场的测距温度梯度改正提供理论支撑,有助于提高飞机等装配制造的精度。     

应用全站仪进行三角高程测量的新方法

一般在工程施工常用的传统测量方法比较局限,而应用全站仪进行三角高程测量,提高了每个点的高程测量精度,并且计算土方量时精确度增加,施测速度更快,符合测量精度要求。     

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矩谱法求磁性体质心的若干问题

B K Bhattachryya(1975)推导的求磁性体质心的矩谱公式理论严谨,计算速度快,并且有不需要预先知道磁性体磁化率的特点。在该公式的基础上,本文对求质心的各种影响因素作了细致讨论,推导出了提高求解质心精度的改正公式。