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2007年3月28~29日,国家海洋环境预报中心在北京主持召开了2007年海洋灾害预测会商会。来自海洋环境预报、海洋环境监测、海上交通运输、海洋石油生产、沿海防汛等部门的40多名专家和代表出席了会议。会议代表对2006年海洋灾害情况进行了总结,2006年为我国海洋灾害的重灾年,风暴潮、海浪、海冰、赤潮和海啸等灾害性海洋过程共发生179次,造成直接经济损失218.45亿元,死亡(含失踪)492人。其中: 相似文献
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广东省1991—2005年因风暴潮、海浪、赤潮、溢油、海水入侵等灾害造成直接经济损失约438.9亿元,死亡、失踪577人。其中风暴潮灾害最为严重,年直接经济损失超过20亿元的海洋灾害是由台风风暴潮引起,灾情的地域差异粤西较重,粤东次之,珠江口较轻。2001~2005年与1991~2005年相比,近5年海洋灾害的年均直接经济损失和死亡、失踪人数减少。但2006年又是海洋灾害重灾年。 相似文献
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近几年海洋灾害所造成的经济损呈上升趋势,成为制约我国沿海经济发展的重要环境因素之一。风暴潮所造成的直接经济损失居海洋灾害之首。它象大江、大河与湖泊的洪水灾害一样,也成为中华民族的心腹之患。作者重点论述了减轻海洋灾害所具有的现实意义和战略意义并对如何减轻灾害提出了对策建议。 相似文献
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1989年以来我国海洋灾害类型、危害及特征分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据1989年以来我国沿海地区的海洋灾害资料,综合分析了危害我国沿海的海洋灾害类型,主要有海洋气象灾害、海洋水文灾害、海洋地质灾害、海洋生态灾害4种类型。我国海洋灾害的特征主要表现为:海洋灾害经济损失和人员伤亡的年际变化很大;广东省、福建省和浙江省是我国海洋灾害最严重的省份;台风风暴潮影响范围广,灾情严重,风暴潮灾害带来的损失巨大;赤潮灾害有所上升;大型海洋溢油事件有上升趋势,形势严峻;海啸灾害发生次数少等。 相似文献
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营口市位于辽宁省的中南部,面对渤海的辽东湾,背依鞍山市平原丘陵,东邻辽东崇山峻岭,西接盘锦市沿海平原,有辽河蜿蜒人海,海岸线绵延曲折。由于受海洋、河流的影响.营口市四季分明,气候宜人,蕴藏着丰富的滨海旅游资源,海蚀景观、地质珍迹、人文景观等资源各显异彩;尤其是海水浴场,条件极为优越,与国际上一流的海水浴场相比.毫不逊色,在某些特征上还稍胜一筹。 相似文献
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A. P. Tolstosheev 《Physical Oceanography》2009,19(6):358-365
A method for the estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys is proposed. It is based
on the comparison of the estimates of power spectral densities for the components of current velocity computed according to
three data sets: the data set of the coordinates of a drifting buoy with a built-in GPS receiver, the data set of coordinates formed on the basis of the first set but with data missing and observational errors
corresponding to the actual trajectory measurements by the Argos satellite location and data collection system by the Doppler method, and the data set of coordinates obtained as a result
of interpolation of the second set. As an example, we consider the procedure of realization of the proposed method and demonstrate
the efficiency of its application for the improvement of the reliability of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting
buoys. 相似文献
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An attempt has been made to estimate the fishery potentials of the EEZ of India on the basis of data on primary and secondary production. The total column primary production and zooplankton production have been calculated to be 265·9 and 9 million tonnes of carbon per year, respectively. From these values the fishery potential has been estimated as 2·5 million tonnes per year. To this, if we add the estimated demersal fish catch, being 1·2 million tonnes per year, the total potential yield comes to 3·7 million tonnes per year. Since the present average total catch is about 1·6 million tonnes in a year, the fish catch could be doubled. 相似文献
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1992年,联合国21世纪议程提出了综合管理的概念,并认为它是海岸管理的最重要目标,而海岸管理的目的就是改进业已存在的管理实践的效率和效果。在21世纪议程的实施过程中,沿海国家面临着巨大的困难,即:为了使综合管理在实践中具有可操作性而建立适合的政府机构。韩国正是在国家范围和次一级区域进行这项工作的实验场所。这项工作的最重要成就是在1996年成立了具有综合协调各涉海部门职能的韩国海洋事务与渔业部(MOMAF)。这篇文章的内容主要来自于这些观察,即韩国政府为建立海岸带综合机制而进行了各种努力,特别是1992年联合国环发大会召开后到1997年初海洋事务与渔业部成立了海岸带管理处这段时间里开展的各种工作,文章重点在于评价在建立海岸带综合机制的过程中综合的概念是如何被应用并被挑战的。文章提出了在东亚地区沿海国家开展合作的可能区域的建议。 相似文献
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天然气水合物地球化学特征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
天然气水合物是在低温、高压以及有足够气体供应条件下形成的一种天然气(主要为甲烷)与水组成的似冰状固态化合物。天然气水合物中包含的甲烷碳是全球甲烷资源的重要组成部分,是一种数量巨大的潜在能源[1]。而且由于甲烷的温室效应,天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷进入大气中会严重 相似文献
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I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
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Values of root mean square slope 0 and its variations -0 are estimated using the brightness field of an image of the surface of the sea near a speck of light. When 0 and -0 are defined it is highly important to take into account direct as well as dissipated solar radiation.The space-time analysis of the structure of the image brightness field is performed. This gives an opportunity to estimate dispersion relationship and the running effect of a brightness contrast packet. Comparison of the parameters obtained with the theoretical dispersion ratio of internal waves (IW) allows one to make a conclusion that IW surface manifestations are recorded in a frame.UDK 551.463.5 相似文献
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We perform the numerical analysis of the long-wave response of the free surface of a fluid in a basin of variable depth to
the formation of an anomaly of the baric field for a finite period of time. In numerical experiments, we use the distribution
of depths typical of the south coast of the Crimea. We also study the dependence of the dynamics of the sea level in the zone
of the baric anomaly and in the shelf zone on the space and time scales of local changes in the field of atmospheric pressure
in the open part of the basin.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献