合湾地震的短临异常现象

台湾及其周围海域，地震活动强烈。自1900年到1978年发生Ms≥6.0级地震209次，其中7.0—7.9级地震35次，八级大震两次。     

关于未来华北地震区7.0级以上大地震的几点认识

华北地震区已进入公元1000年以来的第四活跃期的后期阶段。为探讨在第四活跃期的后期阶段,华北地震区还有没有7.0级以上大地震发生的问题,研究了与华北地震区7.0级以上大地震有关的震例,结果表明,华北地震区1989年以来发生的4次6.0级强震,发生在山西地震带忻定盆地、临汾盆地和渭河盆地的4次中强地震及1994年以来3次东北7.0级深震,与未来华北地震区7.0级大地震有关,未来5 a尺度或稍长时段华北地震区将进入发生7.0级大地震的危险期。     

2007年全球6级以上地震概况

2007年全球发生6.0～6.9级地震20次, 7.0～7.9级地震20次, 8.0～8.9级地震2次. 详情见下表.     

滦县地区的地震活动特征及其预报意义

依据历史地震文献,对滦县历史上发生的2次6.0级以上地震进行分析,在此基础上,对其参数进行复核并提出修改意见。同时,依据文献记载,提出这2次地震的序列特征。结合本地历史有感记载和唐山地震前滦县地区仪器记录地震的本地地震资料,分析滦县地区的地震活动特征,并结合河北省境内几次7.0级地震前在震中及其附近的地震活动特征,对发生7.0级以上地震震中的地震活动特征提出看法。     

2013年4月20日四川芦山M7.0级地震介绍

2013年4月20日四川芦山M7.0级地震发生在龙门山断裂带南段,震源机制解为逆冲型.震后3天震区已发生3000多次余震,其中M5级余震4次,最大余震是4月21日17时05分芦山、邛崃交界M5.4级地震,余震区长轴约45 km,短轴约20 km.芦山M7.0级地震与2008年5月12日汶川M8.0级地震均位于龙门山断裂带,但汶川地震发生在该断裂带中-北段,两个地震的余震区存在约45 km的间隔,芦山M7.0级地震不是汶川地震的余震,但两者密切相关.     

四川地区综合预报判据和指标的研究

一、概论四川地区地震活动频度较高,强度较大.自公元前111年至1988年6月10日,境内共发生7.0～7.9级地震13次,6.0～6.9级地震42次,5.0～5.9级地震143次.其中1970年以来就发生了7.0～7.9级地震3次,6.0～6.9级地震9次,5.0～5.9级地震63次.1970年以来6级以上地震的空间分布如图1所示。1970年大邑6.3级地震以后,四川省成立地震监测机构,陆续布设了一批地震前兆观测台网。至1984年底,共建成专业地震台30个(其分布见图1),具有包括测震、视电阻率、地磁、水氡,地倾斜,定点重力,电感应力等共计73项前兆观测项目。还建有15个     

芦山7.0级地震区域地震活动能量场分析

运用随机函数理论,系统研究2013年芦山7.0级地震前区域地震活动能量场的时空特征。结果表明,四川芦山7.0级地震前能量场的前2个主要特征值对应的典型能量场时间因子出现明显上升变化,可能是该次地震的中短期时间异常特征;而主要典型场的空间等值线形成局部能量高值异常危险区,该区域可能是芦山7.0级地震的中短期空间异常特征。     

甘肃东南部地区地震活动特征

甘肃东南部地区地震活动频繁。该区历史上曾发生过M_s≥5.0级地震55次,其中包括M_s≥8.0级2次,7.0—7.9级6次,6.0—6.9级12次,5.0—5.9级35次。近年来该地区一直被定为重点监视区或需要注意监视的地区。因此,研究其地震活动特征对于该地区的地震监     

2020年前中国大陆发生7级以上大地震频次和最大震级预测的初步研究

应用多重贝努利独立试验模型, 研究2006～2020年间大陆发生7级以上大地震的频次及其概率, 以及最大震级的预测问题。 研究结果表明, 2006~2020年间大陆发生7.0～7.9级和7.5～7.9级大地震1次以上的概率为1.00, 发生8级大地震1次以上的概率为0.67, 或者说其间肯定会发生7级大地震, 而发生10次7.0～7.9级和1次7.5～7.9级大地震的可能性最大。 若按超过概率水平0.10而论, 发生7.0～7.9级地震最少发生 8次, 最多发生 12次; 发生7.5～7.9级地震为1～4次, 发生1～2次8.0～8.9级大地震可能性最大。 2020年前中国大陆发生最大地震的震级可能为7.5~7.9级。 不排除发生 8级地震的可能。     

一九八八年震情评述

1.我国地震活动概况及特点 1988年我国共发生M_s≥5地震56次(大陆地区43次,台湾地区13次),其中6.0—6.9级地震7次(大陆地区5次都为余震,台湾地区2次),大陆地区7.0级以上地震3次,最大为11月6日云南澜沧7.6级地震。台湾地区最大地震为10月16目的6.2级地震。如果不计算唐古拉山、澜沧—耿马震区的余震,我国共发生5.0级以上地震37次(大陆地区24次,台湾地     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Solute concentrations in the lower niger river and the source rock contribution

Water quality analyses for the Niger River for the 1980/81 hydrological year are presented. The samples were collected from the main river at Lokoja, and from two main tributaries, the Kaduna and the Benue Rivers. Different water types were distinguished by the concentrations of major ions. The type Ca > Na > Mg > K - HCO₃ > SO₄ > Cl was represented at all stations during at least part of the year. Chloride was found to dominate the sulphate ion in the Kaduna and Niger, while the Benue maintained a higher concentration of sulphate relative to chloride all year round. Distinct patterns of seasonal variation in the ion concentrations were observed, particularly for the samples collected at Lokoja. Low ion concentrations were prominent during periods of high discharge, while low flow periods coincided with high dissolved ion concentrations. The contribution of rainwater to the total dissolved solids in the river waters was assessed indirectly using rainwater chemistry data from the Gulf of Guinea. The estimated rainwater contribution to the Lower Niger amounts to 5.15 mg 1^?1. Geochemical weathering calculations involving reactions of the four major minerals of granitic rocks - anorthite, biotite, albite, and K-feldspar - with carbon dioxide and water, can account for the average water composition of the Lower Niger. The proportion of the ionic components was also related to the occurrence of the respective element in the minerals.