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1988年后期到1989年,赤道东太平洋地区海水温度异常偏低,出现了反埃尔-尼诺现象。随之,1989年中国大陆(特别是东部)和西北太平洋地区(特别是西部)气候出现了一些反常现象。例如:盛夏并无酷暑,气温偏低,而入冬之后到1990年春节,并无严重的寒潮,气温又偏高。1989年西北太平洋地区热带气旋的活动亦出现了异于常年的状况。特别是东海区域的热带气旋活动更是如此。认真分析1989年西北太平洋地区热带气旋的活动特征及其成因,对于认识气候异常和热带气旋活动异常的关系,进而提高热带气旋预报效果具有重要的意义。本文试对此作一初步探讨。 相似文献
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本文对2008年编号的热带气旋进行了统计分析,发现2008年编号的热带气旋与多年平均相比,呈现的特征为全年总个数偏少,登陆热带气旋数目偏多,强度偏强,登陆热带气旋初始登陆时间比多年平均初始登陆时间偏早,编号热带气旋各月分布特征基本与热带气旋各月分布的气候特征基本一致。从2008年和气候平均的副热带高压和赤道附近降水大值区的对比来看,2008年大气环流和赤道辐合带都对2008年热带气旋个数偏少有贡献。 相似文献
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利用印度气象局(India Meteorological Department,IMD)、国际气候管理最佳路径档案库(International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship,IBTrACS)提供的1982—2020年阿拉伯海热带气旋路径资料,美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)再分析资料,对近39 a阿拉伯海热带气旋源地和路径特征、活跃区域、频数及气旋累积能量(accumulated cyclone energy,ACE)指数的季节特征和年际变化特征进行分析,并结合环境因素,说明其物理成因。结果表明:阿拉伯海热带气旋多发于10°~25°N,65°~75°E海域,5—6月、9—12月发生频数较高且强度较强,1—4月、7—8月发生频数较低且气旋近中心最大风速均小于35 kn;频数的季节变化主要受控于垂直风切变要素;阿拉伯海热带气旋发生频数和ACE近年有上升趋势,年际变化主要受控于海面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)和850 hPa相对湿度要素。 相似文献
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2003年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文综述了2003年西北太平洋上热带气旋活动特征,并对西北太平洋副热带高压特征量及赤道东太平洋海温与常年进行比较和相关分析,从而找出2003年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征的成因。 相似文献
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长江口及邻近水域的生物多样性变化趋势分析 总被引:54,自引:1,他引:54
从长江口及邻近水域的生物多样性变化及导致生物多样性变化的相关环境因子来剖析长江口及邻近水域的生态环境变化趋势。长江口及邻近水域的生物多样性比较丰富。近20a来在人类活动影响下,长江河口区和冲淡水区浮游生物和底栖生物的物种大幅减少:优势浮游生物的生物量增加,部分种类异常增殖发生赤潮,底栖生物生物量明显减少;群落结构趋向简单,表现为单种优势,生物多样性下降。影响长江口及邻近水域生物多样性的原因包括自然因素和人为因素,近20a来生物多样性的降低主要归咎于人类的开发活动,不合理排污导致的富营养化对浮游生物的多样性丧失起重要作用,水利工程建设及滩涂围垦使海洋生物栖息地片段化,单调化,加速了生物多样性的降低。 相似文献
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The Changjiang Estuary is the doorway of the Shanghai Harbour and the throat for the six provinces in the Changjiang River drainage area. However the minimum water depth of the waterway in the estuary is only about six meters, so that the development of the Shanghai Harbour and the utilization of water transportation on the Changjiang River have been greatly restrained. Since 1975, the depth of the sea-entering waterway of the Changjiang Estuary has been successfully increased by one meter. This article has made a comprehensive summing-up about the selection of waterways, the determination of the line for dredging and disposal of the dredged material, thus providing reference data for future work in increasing the depth of the waterway of the Changjiang Estuary and for controlling similar waterways of other estuaries. 相似文献
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Introduction The estuarine and coastal waters are nutrient-enriched and the nutrient ratios have been altered as a result of the changed riverine input due to land-use change and anthropogenic nutrient emission over the last century [1, 2]. Estuarine and coastal ecosystems respond to such changes in nutrient budgets by shifting population dynamics of phytoplankton and hence of the rest of the food web, leading to changes in top-down as well as bottom-up control of community structures [3]. Sin… 相似文献
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INTRODUCTIONNumeroustinybacteriaareextensivelydistributedinthesea .Theydecomposeabundantorganizmandplanktondetritus ,transformingthemintoinorganicmaterialsintheseawater .Thebacteriautilizeddissolvableorganiccarbon (DOC) ;theprotozoanatethebacteria .AndtheD… 相似文献
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长江冲淡水区细菌生产力研究 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:11
为了解细菌在长江口冲淡水区生态系营养动力学过程中的重要作用,笔者于1997年10月10日至20日,1998年5月14日至6月1日在观测海区以及在绿华山海域设置大水体围隔生态系实验装置进行细菌生产力的现场观测研究.结果表明,秋季观测海区平均细菌生产力(C)为(1.44±1.30)μg/(dm3·h),高值出现在测区中部的A3,B3和C3站.春季测区表层细菌生产力(2.43±1.22)μg/(dm3·h)高于底层(1.01±0.43)μg/(dm3·h),高值出现在测区中部的A3和B断面诸站.秋、春季平均细菌生产力相当于浮游植物初级生产力的23%.秋季和春季表层细菌数量分别为(5.22×108±0.88×108)个/dm3和(1.97×108±1.10×108)个/dm3.1998年5月18日至6月1日在围隔实验点的自然海区中细菌生产力变幅范围为0.13~5.79μg/(dm3·h),平均值为(2.47±1.60)μg/(dm3·h).围隔装置内加可溶性磷(PO43-)实验,春季细菌生产力由1.28μg/(dm3·h)增长至32.20μg/(dm3·h),其增长幅度低于秋季1.43~43.47μg/(dm3·h).油污染实验中细菌生产力由6.61μg/(dm3·h)增长至37.97μg/(dm3·h),呈逐日上升趋势. 相似文献
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XIE Wenhui YANG Shilun
Graduate Student State Key Lab of Estuarine Coastal Sediment Dynamics Morphodynamics East China Normal University Shanghai P. R. China.
Professor State Key Lab of Estuarine Coastal Sediment Dynamics Morphodynamics East China Normal University Shanghai P. R. China. 《中国海洋工程》1999,(2)
-Based on historic topographic maps and field surveys,this paper mainly deals with the forma-tion and evolution of the Jiuduansha Shoal and the North Passage and South Passage in the ChangjiangEstuary.Jiuduansha Shoal originated from the partition of the south part of the Tongsha Shoal as the re-sult of connection of a flood channel and an ebb channel.The embryo of the North Passage was a floodchannel,and that of the South Passage was the lower reaches of the former South Channel.There weretwo basic kinds of change in erosion and accumulation since the formation of Jiuduansha Shoal:continu-ous change and periodic change.The former includes the broadening of the island area,accretion on thetidal marsh and tidal flat and downstream migration of the island.The latter includes cyclic erosion andaccumulation on the two river channel banks of the island and the North and South Passages.The islandand the two bifurcated river Passages interacted on each other in erosion and accumulation changes.Atpresent,the cou 相似文献
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n-Alkanes and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed on suspended particles from surface waters of the Changjiang Estuary to assess the sources and fate of river-borne material in a meso-tidal riverine system. The n -alkane and PAH assemblages indicated prevailing terrestrial and anthropogenic inputs. Measurements performed at several stations within the estuary showed lower concentrations in the North than in the South Channel. These observations were in agreement with the dynamics and flow pattern of the Changjiang in this part of the estuary. Concentrations measured at a tidal series station over two tidal cycles exhibited a significant increase in flooding of more saline waters. Total suspended particles were also higher, reaching their maximum value (1·9 g l-1) at high tide during the first flood. These findings were attributed to the landwards transport of the turbidity maximum zone from the outer estuary, as the Taiwan Warm Current funnels into the Changjiang River mouth. Saltier and less turbid waters with a more pronounced marine character could reach the tidal series site at the final stage of the second flood. During the ebb, suspended n-alkane and PAH concentrations were lower but their compositional features remained similar to those during the flood. A high total suspended particle concentration was observed during the ebb, presumably due to the Huang Pu waters flushing. The n -alkane and PAH content of the particles during such an event pointed out stronger contamination of the waters after crossing the highly populated and industrialized area of Shanghai. Flux calculations based on current meter data indicated significant differences between flood and ebb transports. 相似文献
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营养盐限制浮游植物的生长是近年来国际研究的热点。探讨了目前营养盐限制的判断方法,认为仅靠氮和磷比值来得到磷限制或氮限制的结论是不完善的。根据营养盐限制的判断方法和法则,对长江口水域进行综合分析,认为在长江口及其附近海域,磷不是浮游植物生长的限制因子,而且氮、磷的浓度值都高于限制浮游植物生长的阈值,满足浮游植物的生长。通过1985年8月至1986年8月的长江口调查数据分析,发现从长江河口到远海水域的有些断面上,磷酸盐浓度并不一定离岸越远越低,且也没有周期性的季节变化。因此,尚须对河口区磷酸盐来源作进一步研究。 相似文献
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长江口悬沙动力特征与输运模式 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本项研究用ADCP在长江河口进行高频、高分辨率三维流速和声学浊度的定点观测,通过对定点站位潮周期内的悬沙浓度、流速和盐度的分析,计算悬沙输运率;悬沙输运机制分析表明平流作用、斯托克斯漂移效应在悬沙输运中占据主导地位.此外,从河口内向河口外,潮周期内的水动力特征与悬沙净输运具有明显的地域性差异,主要表现在悬沙输送的贡献因子、盐度的垂向混合和分布特征、垂向流速等方面.在拦门沙下游和口外地区,悬沙均向西、北方向输送,而拦门沙上游则向东、南方向输送.这种悬沙输运格局,对于长江口拦门沙及附近最大浑浊带的形成有着重要的作用. 相似文献